RNA modifications: importance in immune cell biology and related diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

RNA modifications have become hot topics recently. By influencing processes, including generation, transportation, function, and metabolization, they act as critical regulators of cell biology. The immune abnormality in human diseases is also a research focus progressing rapidly these years. Studies demonstrated that participate the multiple biological processes cells, development, differentiation, activation, migration, polarization, thereby modulating responses are involved some related diseases. In this review, we present existing knowledge functions underlying mechanisms modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), N7-methylguanosine (m7G), N4-acetylcytosine (ac4C), pseudouridine (Ψ), uridylation, adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, summarize their roles Via regulating can pathogenesis diseases, such cancers, infection, inflammatory autoimmune We further highlight challenges future directions based on knowledge. All all, review will provide helpful well novel ideas for researchers area.

Language: Английский

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Emerging evidence for adapting radiotherapy to immunotherapy

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(8), P. 543 - 557

Published: June 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a review

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 25, 2023

Since the first Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor was developed, tumor immunotherapy has entered a new era, and response rate survival of many cancers have also been improved. Despite success immune checkpoint inhibitors, resistance limits number patients who can achieve lasting response, immune-related adverse events complicate treatment. The mechanism (irAEs) is unclear. We summarize discuss mechanisms action different types their possible mechanisms, describe strategies targets for prevention therapeutic interventions to mitigate them.

Language: Английский

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Human immune diversity: from evolution to modernity

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 1479 - 1489

Published: Nov. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

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Context-Specific Determinants of the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment in Pancreatic Cancer

Cancer Discovery, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 278 - 297

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Immunotherapies have shown benefits across a range of human cancers, but not pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recent evidence suggests that the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) constitutes an important roadblock to their efficacy. The landscape TME differs substantially PDAC subtypes, indicating context-specific principles immunosuppression. In this review, we discuss how cells, local TME, and systemic host environmental factors drive immunosuppression in context. We argue unraveling mechanistic drivers modes will open new possibilities target more efficiently by using multimodal (immuno)therapeutic interventions. Immunosuppression is almost universal hallmark cancer, although entity highly heterogeneous its different subtypes phenotypes. Here, provide diverse cancer central executor various context-dependent immunosuppression, key challenges novel opportunities uncover, functionalize, functional nodes for therapeutic exploitation.

Language: Английский

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Targeting oncogene and non-oncogene addiction to inflame the tumour microenvironment

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. 440 - 462

Published: March 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Gamma delta T-cell-based immune checkpoint therapy: attractive candidate for antitumor treatment

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Abstract As a nontraditional T-cell subgroup, γδT cells have gained popularity in the field of immunotherapy recent years. They extraordinary antitumor potential and prospects for clinical application. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which are efficacious tumor patients, become pioneer drugs since they were incorporated into practice. In addition, that infiltrated tissues found to be state exhaustion or anergy, there is upregulation many immune checkpoints (ICs) on their surface, suggesting similar ability respond ICIs as traditional effector T cells. Studies shown targeting ICs can reverse dysfunctional microenvironment (TME) exert effects by improving γδT-cell proliferation activation enhancing cytotoxicity. Clarification functional TME mechanisms underlying interaction with will solidify combined good treatment option.

Language: Английский

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Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Therapy for Urologic Cancer Patients in Clinical Trials: A Collaborative Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

European Urology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 81(4), P. 414 - 425

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Therapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are transforming the treatment landscape of urologic oncology. Nevertheless, an exhaustive overview toxicity spectrum these novel therapies has yet to be provided.To comprehensively investigate incidence and profile ICI therapy-related adverse events (AEs) across cancers.We searched for all clinical trials investigating role therapy published between January 2010 September 2021. Studies involving cancers with reported overall or tabulated data treatment-related AEs (trAEs) immune-related (irAEs) were included. A systematic review meta-analysis was performed after protocol registration in PROSPERO (CRD42021276435).We identified 2638 records, which 92 studies (including 22942 participants) met inclusion criteria. The pooled 81.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 78.0-84.7) any-grade trAEs 29.3% CI 24.9-34.1) grade ≥3 trAEs. 34.3% 28.5-40.7) irAEs 10.2% (95%CI 8.2-12.7) irAEs. On a multivariable analysis, cancer type, combination, settings (perioperative vs advanced/metastatic), drug exposure independently associated occurrence rate mortality 0.94% (140 14 899 participants), pneumonitis (9.3%), pneumonia (7.9%), respiratory failure (7.1%) being most common causes. Immune-related occurred 0.26% (28 10 723) patients, (35.7%), hepatic (10.7%), hepatitis common.Our study provides comprehensive ICI-associated patients. vary types, settings, combinations. These findings provide important guidance clinicians counseling management patients cancers.A high proportion experience inhibitor-associated toxicity. Physician patient education is critical early recognition proper management.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors: insights into the regulation of circular RNAS involved in cancer hallmarks

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Abstract Current treatment strategies for cancer, especially advanced are limited and unsatisfactory. One of the most substantial advances in cancer therapy, last decades, was discovery a new layer immunotherapy approach, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which can specifically activate cells by targeting checkpoints. Immune checkpoints type immunosuppressive molecules expressed on cells, regulate degree activation avoid autoimmune responses. ICIs, such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs, has shown inspiring efficacy broad applicability across various cancers. Unfortunately, not all patients benefit remarkably from overall response rates to ICIs remain relatively low types. Moreover, primary acquired resistance pose serious challenges clinical application immunotherapy. Thus, deeper understanding molecular biological properties regulatory mechanisms is urgently needed improve options fo r current therapies. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted increasing attention, only due their involvement aspects hallmarks, but also impact shaping tumor microenvironment. In this review, we systematically summarize status existing roles circRNAs Meanwhile, aim settle issue an evidence-oriented manner that involved hallmarks effects

Language: Английский

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Boosting Checkpoint Immunotherapy with Biomaterials

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 3225 - 3258

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized the field of cancer treatment, while low response rates and systemic toxicity limit its clinical outcomes. With rapid advances in nanotechnology materials science, various types biomaterials have been developed to maximize therapeutic efficacy minimizing side effects by increasing tumor antigenicity, reversing immunosuppressive microenvironment, amplifying antitumor response, reducing extratumoral distribution inhibitors as well enhancing their retention within target sites. In this review, we reviewed current design strategies for different augment ICB effectively then discussed present representative biomaterial-assisted modulation targeted delivery boost therapy. Current challenges future development prospects expanding with were also summarized. We anticipate review will be helpful developing emerging promoting application

Language: Английский

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