Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 402(10397), P. 203 - 234

Published: June 23, 2023

Diabetes is one of the leading causes death and disability worldwide, affects people regardless country, age group, or sex. Using most recent evidentiary analytical framework from Global Burden Diseases, Injuries, Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, sex-specific estimates diabetes prevalence burden 1990 to 2021, proportion type 1 2 in attributable selected risk factors, projections through 2050.

Language: Английский

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The changing landscape of atherosclerosis

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 592(7855), P. 524 - 533

Published: April 21, 2021

Language: Английский

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Global epidemiology of NAFLD-related HCC: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 223 - 238

Published: Dec. 21, 2020

Language: Английский

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Obesity Phenotypes, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Diseases

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 126(11), P. 1477 - 1500

Published: May 21, 2020

This review addresses the interplay between obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. It is proposed that generally defined by an excess of body fat causing prejudice to health, can no longer be evaluated solely mass index (expressed in kg/m ) because it represents a heterogeneous entity. For instance, several cardiometabolic imaging studies have shown some individuals who normal weight or are overweight at high risk if they visceral adipose tissue—a condition often accompanied accumulation normally lean tissues (ectopic deposition liver, heart, skeletal muscle, etc). On other hand, obese nevertheless much lower than expected when faced with energy intake ability expand their subcutaneous tissue mass, particularly gluteal-femoral area. Hence, excessive amounts ectopic largely define disease moderate obesity. There also rapidly expanding subgroup patients characterized (severe obesity). Severe obesity specific additional health issues should receive attention. Because difficulties normalizing content severe more aggressive treatments been studied this such as surgery, referred metabolic surgery. basis above, we propose refer obesities rather

Language: Английский

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Global patterns of breast cancer incidence and mortality: A population‐based cancer registry data analysis from 2000 to 2020

Cancer Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(11), P. 1183 - 1194

Published: Aug. 16, 2021

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and leading cause of death among women worldwide but has patterns trends which vary in different countries. This study aimed to evaluate global breast incidence mortality analyze its temporal for prevention control. Methods data 2020 were obtained from GLOBOCAN online database. Continued Cancer Incidence Five Continents Time Trends, International Agency Research on China National Central Registry used time 2000 2015 through Joinpoint regression, annual average percent changes calculated. Association between Human Development Index estimated by linear regression. Results There approximately 2.3 million new cases 685,000 deaths 2020. Its varied countries, with age‐standardized ranging highest 112.3 per 100,000 population Belgium lowest 35.8 Iran, 41.0 Fiji 6.4 South Korea. The peak age some Asian African countries over 10 years earlier than European or American As cancer, rates significantly increased Korea decreased United States America (USA) during 2000‐2012. Meanwhile, Kingdom, USA, Australia 2015. Conclusions burden rising fast varies greatly rapidly USA. Increased health awareness, effective strategies, improved access medical treatment are extremely important curb snowballing burden, especially affected

Language: Английский

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Metabolically Healthy Obesity

Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 41(3)

Published: March 4, 2020

Abstract Obesity contributes to reduced life expectancy, impaired quality of life, and disabilities, mainly in those individuals who develop cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, cancer. However, there is a large variation the individual risk developing obesity-associated comorbid diseases that cannot simply be explained by extent adiposity. Observations proportion with obesity have significantly lower for cardiometabolic abnormalities led concept metabolically healthy (MHO). Although no clear definition, normal glucose lipid metabolism parameters—in addition absence hypertension—usually serve as criteria diagnose MHO. Biological mechanisms underlying MHO amounts ectopic fat (visceral liver), higher leg deposition, expandability subcutaneous adipose tissue, preserved insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function well better cardiorespiratory fitness compared unhealthy obesity. Whereas metabolic may reduce diabetes obesity, it still comparison lean individuals. In addition, seems transient phenotype further justifying therapeutic weight loss attempts—even this subgroup—which might not benefit from reducing body same patients Metabolically represents model study linking complications. should considered safe condition, which does require treatment, but guide decision-making personalized risk-stratified treatment.

Language: Английский

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Anti-obesity drug discovery: advances and challenges

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 201 - 223

Published: Nov. 23, 2021

Enormous progress has been made in the last half-century management of diseases closely integrated with excess body weight, such as hypertension, adult-onset diabetes and elevated cholesterol. However, treatment obesity itself proven largely resistant to therapy, anti-obesity medications (AOMs) often delivering insufficient efficacy dubious safety. Here, we provide an overview history AOM development, focusing on lessons learned ongoing obstacles. Recent advances, including increased understanding molecular gut–brain communication, are inspiring pursuit next-generation AOMs that appear capable safely achieving sizeable sustained weight loss. The development therapies loss proved tremendously challenging. Müller et al. drug learned, challenges recent advances field.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence Trends of Site‐Specific Osteoarthritis From 1990 to 2019: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Arthritis & Rheumatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 74(7), P. 1172 - 1183

Published: March 2, 2022

Objective To estimate systematic and anatomic site–specific age‐standardized prevalence rates (ASRs) analyze the secular trends of osteoarthritis (OA) at global, regional, national levels. Methods Data were derived from Global Burden Disease Study 2019. ASRs their estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) used to describe OA according age group, sex, region, country, territory, as well joints involved. Results Globally, prevalent cases increased by 113.25%, 247.51 million in 1990 527.81 6,173.38 per 100,000 6,348.25 2019, with an average increase 0.12% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.11%, 0.14%). The ASR for knee, hip, other joints, but decreased hand, EAPCs 0.32 CI 0.29, 0.34), 0.28 0.26, 0.31), 0.18 0.18, 0.19), −0.36 −0.38, −0.33), respectively. revealed female preponderance, geographic diversity, disparity regard site. knee contributed most overall burden, while hip had highest EAPC regions. Conclusion has remained a major public health concern worldwide over past decades. diversified location affected joint. Prevention early treatment are pivotal mitigating growing burden OA.

Language: Английский

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A 2022 update on the epidemiology of obesity and a call to action: as its twin COVID-19 pandemic appears to be receding, the obesity and dysmetabolism pandemic continues to rage on

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 133, P. 155217 - 155217

Published: May 15, 2022

The WHO just released in May 2022 a report on the state of obesity pandemic Europe, stating that 60% citizens area Europe are either overweight or obese, and highlighting implications pandemic, especially as it interacts with COVID to create twin increase morbidity mortality. Obesity is complex disease which has reached dimensions. worldwide prevalence nearly tripled since 1975, mainly due adoption progressively more sedentary lifestyle consumption less healthy diets. We first herein updated rates by sex, age, region per report, then between 1980 2019, we analyze present data provided Global Burden Disease Study. higher women than men any age both increases their highest point ages 50 65 years showing slight downward trend afterwards. age-standardized increased from 4.6% 14.0% 2019. American European have USA Russia countries most obese residents. Given dire terms comorbidities mortality, these epidemiological findings call for coordinated actions local regional governments, scientific community individual patients alike, well food industry be controlled alleviated. can hopefully learn COVID-19 where collaborative efforts worldwide, focused intense work at global level well-coordinated leadership demonstrated humankind capable amazing accomplishments leveraging science public health, finally make strides understanding combating its including diabetes, NAFLD, CVD associated malignancies.

Language: Английский

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Global pandemics interconnected — obesity, impaired metabolic health and COVID-19

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 135 - 149

Published: Jan. 21, 2021

Obesity and impaired metabolic health are established risk factors for the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer nonalcoholic fatty liver otherwise known as associated disease (MAFLD). With worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), obesity also emerged important determinants 2019 (COVID-19). Furthermore, novel findings indicate that specifically visceral characteristics such hyperglycaemia, hypertension subclinical inflammation with a high COVID-19. In this Review, we highlight how increase complications mortality in We summarize consequences SARS-CoV-2 infection organ function NCDs. addition, discuss data indicating COVID-19 pandemic could have serious epidemic. As both accelerators COVID-19, might adversely influence efficacy vaccines, propose strategies prevention treatment on clinical population level, particularly while is present. This Review highlights (COVID-19) summarizes function. there discussion implications pandemic.

Language: Английский

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