bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 25, 2024
Abstract
Glycans
play
a
crucial
role
in
structure
organization,
energy
metabolism,
and
signal
transduction
living
organisms.
Compared
with
proteins
nucleic
acids,
glycans
exhibit
remarkable
molecular
heterogeneity,
extensive
conformational
flexibility,
diverse
linkages.
These
properties
pose
significant
challenges
for
obtaining
high-resolution
of
glycans.
Here,
we
report
cryo-EM
the
heavily
glycosylated
Chlamydomonas
mastigoneme
at
2.3-2.5
Å
resolutions.
In
addition
to
enabling
analysis
accurate
interactions
glycosyl
packing,
high
resolution
map
reveals
an
unprecedented
5’,5’-phosphodiester
bond
that
links
adjacent
glycan
chains
attached
hydroxyproline
(Hyp)
residues
n
n+3.
Structural
secondary
structural
element
glycoconjugates,
which
name
poly-Hyp
(pHP)
glycohelix.
Our
work
represents
important
advancement
deciphering
folding.
Polymers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(15), P. 2097 - 2097
Published: July 23, 2024
Polymer
self-assembly
can
prepare
various
shapes
and
sizes
of
pores,
making
it
widely
used.
The
complexity
diversity
biomolecules
make
them
a
unique
class
building
blocks
for
precise
assembly.
They
are
particularly
suitable
the
new
generation
biomaterials
integrated
with
life
systems
as
they
possess
inherent
characteristics
such
accurate
identification,
self-organization,
adaptability.
Therefore,
many
excellent
methods
developed
have
led
to
practical
results.
At
same
time,
development
advanced
science
technology
has
also
expanded
application
scope
synthetic
polymers.
By
utilizing
this
technology,
materials
properties
be
prepared
applied
in
field
tissue
engineering.
Nanomaterials
transparent
conductive
fields
electronic
displays
smart
glass.
Multi-dimensional,
controllable,
multi-level
between
nanostructures
been
achieved
through
quantitative
control
polymer
dosage
combination,
chemical
modification,
composite
methods.
Here,
we
list
classic
applications
natural-
artificially
synthesized
biomedicine
materials,
introduce
cutting-edge
technologies
involved
these
applications,
discuss
in-depth
advantages,
disadvantages,
future
directions
each
type
self-assembly.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 6, 2025
Carbohydrates,
essential
biological
building
blocks,
exhibit
functional
mechanisms
tied
to
their
intricate
stereochemistry.
Subtle
stereochemical
differences,
such
as
those
between
the
anomers
maltose
and
cellobiose,
lead
distinct
properties
due
differing
glycosidic
bonds;
former
is
digestible
by
humans,
while
latter
not.
This
underscores
importance
of
precise
structural
determination
individual
carbohydrate
molecules
for
deeper
insights.
However,
complexity
conformational
flexibility,
combined
with
high
spatial
resolution
needed,
have
hindered
direct
imaging
Here,
we
employ
noncontact
atomic
force
microscopy
integrated
a
data-efficient,
multifidelity
structure
search
approach
accelerated
machine
learning
integration
determine
3D
coordinates
two
on
Au(111).
We
observe
that
stereochemistry
bond
regulates
on-surface
chiral
selection
in
self-assemblies.
The
reconstructed
models,
validated
against
experimental
data,
provide
reliable
atomic-scale
evidence,
uncovering
origin
chirality
from
anomerism.
Our
study
confirms
nc-AFM
technique
real-space
discrimination
at
single-molecule
level,
providing
pathway
bottom-up
investigations
into
structure-property
relationships
carbohydrates
research
materials
science.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 24, 2025
Glycans
are
intrinsically
flexible
molecules
that
can
adopt
many
conformations.
These
often
carry
ionic
functional
groups
influence
glycan's
conformational
preferences,
dynamics,
and
aggregation
tendencies.
Inspired
by
these
mechanisms,
we
have
engineered
a
glycan
sequence
whose
secondary
structure
be
precisely
manipulated
using
groups.
We
strategically
incorporated
substituents
into
adopting
hairpin
conformation.
Complementary
stabilized
the
closed
conformers,
while
repulsions
shifted
populations
toward
open
forms.
External
stimuli,
such
as
pH
variations
or
enzyme
addition,
enabled
us
to
dynamically
control
hairpin's
opening
closing.
Additionally,
changes
in
protonation
states
led
aggregation,
suggesting
opportunities
for
creation
of
responsive
glycan-based
materials.
Journal of Materials Chemistry B,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(31), P. 7532 - 7542
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Hydrophilic
peptides
(HPs)
play
a
critical
role
in
the
pathogenesis
of
hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC).
However,
comprehensive
and
in-depth
high-throughput
analysis
specific
changes
HPs
associated
with
HCC
remains
unrealized,
due
to
complex
nature
biological
fluids
challenges
mining
patterns
large
data
sets.
The
clinical
diagnosis
still
lacks
non-destructive
accurate
classification
method,
given
limited
specificity
widely
used
biomarkers.
To
address
these
challenges,
we
have
established
multifunctional
platform
that
integrates
artificial
intelligence
computation,
hydrophilic
interaction
extraction
HPs,
MALDI-MS
testing.
This
aims
achieve
highly
sensitive
HP
fingerprinting
for
HCC.
method
not
only
facilitates
efficient
detection
but
also
achieves
remarkable
100.00%
diagnostic
accuracy
test
cohort,
supported
by
machine
learning
algorithms.
By
constructing
panel
10
characteristic
features,
achieved
98%
cohort
rapid
identified
62
deeply
involved
pathways
related
liver
diseases.
integrated
strategy
provides
new
research
directions
future
biomarker
studies
as
well
early
individualized
treatment
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Nov. 2, 2024
Glycans,
consisting
of
covalently
linked
sugar
units,
are
a
major
class
biopolymers
essential
to
all
known
living
organisms.
To
better
understand
their
biological
functions
and
further
applications
in
fields
from
biomedicine
materials
science,
detailed
knowledge
structure
is
essential.
However,
due
the
extraordinary
complexity
conformational
flexibility
glycans,
state-of-the-art
glycan
analysis
methods
often
fail
provide
structural
information
with
atomic
precision.
Here,
we
combine
electrospray
deposition
ultra-high
vacuum
non-contact
force
microscopy
theoretical
calculations
unravel
β-cyclodextrin,
cyclic
glucose
oligomer,
atomic-scale
detail.
Our
results,
established
on
single-molecule
level,
reveal
different
adsorption
geometries
conformations
β-cyclodextrin.
The
position
individual
hydroxy
groups
location
stabilizing
intramolecular
H-bonds
deduced
atomically
resolved
images,
enabling
unambiguous
assignment
molecular
demonstrating
potential
method
for
analysis.