Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 20
Published: Oct. 28, 2024
Despite
the
existence
of
antivirals
that
potently
and
efficiently
inhibit
replication
herpes
simplex
virus
1
2
(HSV-1,
-2),
their
ability
to
establish
maintain,
reactivate
from,
latency
has
precluded
development
curative
therapies.
Several
groups
are
exploring
opportunities
targeting
epigenetic
regulation
permanently
silence
latent
HSV
genomes
or
induce
simultaneous
reactivation
in
presence
flush
reservoirs,
as
been
explored
for
HIV.
Cell Death Discovery,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Feb. 4, 2025
The
persistence
of
HIV-1
latency
reservoirs
in
CD4+
T
cells
is
a
significant
obstacle
for
curing
HIV-1.
Shock-and-kill
strategies,
which
aim
to
reactivate
latent
followed
by
cytotoxic
clearance,
have
shown
limited
success
vivo
due
insufficient
efficacy
reversal
agents
(LRAs)
and
off-target
effects.
Natural
killer
(NK)
cells,
with
their
ability
mediate
cytotoxicity
independent
antigen
specificity,
offer
promising
avenue
enhancing
the
shock-and-kill
approach.
Previously,
we
observed
that
pan-caspase
inhibitors
induce
NK
secrete
an
LRA
vitro.
Here,
aimed
identify
this
using
targeted
proteomic
We
identified
lymphotoxin-α
(LTα)
as
key
secreted
following
inhibitor
treatment.
LTα
was
significantly
LTR
promoter
activity,
hallmark
viral
reactivation.
Neutralization
effectively
abolished
confirming
its
central
role.
Moreover,
cytokine-primed
but
not
resting
human
primary
exhibited
activity
could
be
neutralized
neutralizing
antibodies.
Finally,
treatment
did
decrease
kill
target
cells.
These
findings
demonstrate
through
secretion,
can
treatment,
without
compromising
cell
cytotoxicity.
This
highlights
potential
enhancement
strategy
utilizing
approaches
cure
research.
npj Systems Biology and Applications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Aug. 8, 2024
Remarkable
advances
are
being
made
in
developing
interventions
for
eliciting
long-term
remission
of
HIV-1
infection.
The
success
these
will
obviate
the
need
lifelong
antiretroviral
therapy,
current
standard-of-care,
and
benefit
millions
living
today
with
HIV-1.
Mathematical
modelling
has
significant
contributions
to
efforts.
It
helped
elucidate
possible
mechanistic
origins
natural
post-treatment
control,
deduced
potential
pathways
loss
such
quantified
effects
interventions,
developed
frameworks
their
rational
optimization.
Yet,
several
important
questions
remain,
posing
challenges
translation
promising
interventions.
Here,
we
survey
recent
mathematical
control
remission,
highlight
contributions,
discuss
avenues
future
developments.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
46(9), P. 9984 - 9997
Published: Sept. 10, 2024
In
the
era
of
antiretroviral
therapy
(ART),
mortality
among
people
living
with
human
immunodeficiency
virus
(HIV)
has
significantly
decreased,
yet
population
HIV
remains
substantial.
Among
(PLWH),
HIV-associated
lymphoma
(HAL)
surpassed
Kaposi's
sarcoma
to
become
most
common
tumor
in
this
developed
countries.
However,
there
a
dearth
comprehensive
and
systematic
understanding
regarding
lymphomas.
This
review
aims
shed
light
on
changes
immune
system
PLWH
characteristics
microenvironment
lymphoma,
specific
focus
system's
role
these
individuals.
Additionally,
it
seeks
explore
recent
advancements
immunotherapy
for
treatment
intending
enhance
strategies
population.
Medical Gas Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Xenon
gas
is
considered
to
be
a
safe
anesthetic
and
imaging
agent.
Research
on
its
other
potentially
beneficial
effects
suggests
that
xenon
may
have
broad
efficacy
for
treating
health
disorders.
A
number
of
reviews
applications
been
published,
but
none
focused
substance
use
Accordingly,
we
review
targets
relevant
the
treatment
disorders,
with
focus
opioid
disorder
alcohol
disorder.
We
report
inhaled
at
subsedative
concentrations
inhibits
conditioned
memory
reconsolidation
withdrawal
symptoms.
work
by
others
reporting
antidepressant,
anxiolytic,
analgesic
properties
xenon,
which
could
diminish
negative
affective
states
pain.
discuss
research
supporting
possibility
prevent
analgesic-
or
stress-induced
tolerance
and,
so
doing
reduce
risk
developing
The
rapid
kinetics,
favorable
safety
side
effect
profiles,
multitargeting
capability
suggest
it
used
as
an
ambulatory
on-demand
rapidly
attenuate
maladaptive
memory,
physical
symptoms,
pain
drivers
disorders
when
they
occur.
also
human
immunodeficiency
virus
oncology
because
exploited
target
reservoirs,
protein-induced
abnormalities,
cancers.
Although
expensive,
low
exert
effects,
separation,
recovery,
recycling
advancements
will
lower
costs,
increasing
economic
feasibility
therapeutic
use.
More
needed
better
understand
remarkable
repertoire
potential
applications.
Current HIV/AIDS Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Feb. 4, 2025
Abstract
Purpose
of
Review
Despite
suppressive
antiretroviral
therapy
(ART),
HIV-1
reservoirs
persist
in
various
cell
types
and
tissues
reignite
active
replication
if
is
stopped.
Persistence
the
viral
people
with
(PWH)
main
obstacle
to
achieving
a
cure.
Identification
characterization
cellular
tissue
thus
central
cure
research.
Here,
we
discuss
emerging
insights
into
phenotype
reservoir
cells.
Recent
Findings
persists
multiple
tissues,
anatomic
locations,
types.
Although
contributions
different
CD4
+
T-cell
subsets
are
not
equal,
all
harbor
part
reservoir.
A
number
putative
markers
have
been
proposed,
such
as
immune
checkpoint
molecules,
integrins,
pro-survival
factors.
CD32a
expression
was
shown
be
associated
very
prominent
enrichment
DNA,
although
this
finding
has
challenged.
technological
advances
allow
unbiased
single-cell
phenotypic
analyses
cells
harbouring
total
or
intact
proviruses.
Summary
reported
by
several
independent
studies
enriched
on
Expression
some
these
could
mechanistically
linked
persistence,
they
for
instance
shield
from
recognition
promote
their
survival.
However,
so
far
no
single
marker,
combination
markers,
can
effectively
distinguish
HIV-infected
uninfected
identify
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 25, 2025
Elite
controllers
(ECs)
and
post-treatment
(PTCs)
represent
important
models
for
achieving
a
functional
cure
HIV.
This
review
synthesizes
findings
from
immunological,
genetic,
virological
studies
to
compare
the
mechanisms
underlying
HIV
suppression
in
ECs
PTCs.
Although
maintain
viral
control
without
antiretroviral
therapy
(ART),
PTCs
achieve
following
ART
discontinuation.
Both
groups
rely
on
adaptive
innate
immunity,
host
genetic
factors,
characteristics
of
reservoir;
however,
they
exhibit
distinct
immune
responses
profiles.
These
differences
provide
insights
into
strategies
sustained
ART-free
remission.
Understanding
shared
unique
can
inform
development
novel
therapeutic
approaches,
including
immune-based
therapies
genome
editing,
HIV-1.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(3), P. 378 - 378
Published: March 5, 2025
Antiretroviral
therapy
(ART)
can
effectively
suppress
the
replication
of
human
immunodeficiency
virus
(HIV),
but
it
cannot
completely
eradicate
virus.
The
persistent
existence
HIV
reservoir
is
a
major
obstacle
in
quest
for
cure.
To
date,
there
have
been
total
seven
cured
cases
worldwide.
These
patients
all
cleared
while
undergoing
allogeneic
stem
cell
transplantation
(allo-HSCT)
hematological
malignancies.
However,
these
cases,
specific
mechanism
by
which
allo-HSCT
leads
to
eradication
remains
unclear,
so
necessary
conduct
an
in-depth
analysis.
Due
difficulty
obtaining
donors
and
risks
associated
with
transplantation,
this
treatment
method
not
applicable
patients.
There
still
need
explore
new
strategies.
In
recent
years,
emerging
therapies
such
as
neutralizing
antibody
immunotherapy,
chimeric
antigen
receptor
T
(CAR-T)
therapy,
gene
editing,
antiviral
targeting
attracted
wide
attention
due
their
ability
inhibit
replication.
This
article
first
elaborates
on
nature
reservoir,
then
deeply
explores
modalities
potential
success
factors
finally
discusses
current
novel
methods,
hoping
provide
comprehensive
feasible
strategies
achieving
cure
HIV.
