Cellular Plasticity in Cancer

Cancer Discovery, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. 837 - 851

Published: April 16, 2019

Abstract During cancer progression, tumor cells undergo molecular and phenotypic changes collectively referred to as cellular plasticity. Such result from microenvironmental cues, stochastic genetic epigenetic alterations, and/or treatment-imposed selective pressures, thereby contributing heterogeneity therapy resistance. Epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity is the best-known case of cell plasticity, but recent work has uncovered other examples, often with functional consequences. In this review, we explore nature role(s) these diverse programs in premalignant evolution, adaptation consider ways which targeting could lead novel anticancer treatments. Significance: Changes identity, or are common at different stages it become clear that can be a potent mediator progression chemoresistance. Understanding mechanisms underlying various forms may deliver new strategies for most lethal aspects cancer: metastasis resistance therapy.

Language: Английский

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Brain malignancies: Glioblastoma and brain metastases

Seminars in Cancer Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 60, P. 262 - 273

Published: Oct. 22, 2019

Brain, the major organ of central nervous system controls and processes most body activities. Therefore, aggressive brain tumor - glioblastoma metastases from other organs to are lethal leaving patients with very short time survival. The tissue landscape is different any tissues specific microenvironment, comprising stem cells niches blood-brain barrier, significantly influences low rate metastasis out brain, but better accommodates brain-invading cancer. In contrast frequency (0.5%) all metastases, 10%-45% primary cancers do metastasize brain. This review addresses general cellular molecular pathways that some extent similar in both types involving circulating (CTCs) cancer (CSCs) characteristics, metastatic niches. invasion a dynamic process reversible epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) cell process, creating transient gradient state inter-connected epigenetic plasticity metastasizing (m)CSCs. These can switch between stationary, proliferating/dormant migratory, mesenchymal-like state. Settling their respective as dormant CSCs secondary common feature metastases. metastasis, malignant mGSC express markers mesenchymal GSC subtype (MES-GSC), such CD44 YK-40 obstacle seems be propagating various organs' microenvironments, home GSCs glioblastoma. Focusing on one stromal component niches, (MSCs), we report herein differential effects cells, highly depending genetic subtype. On hand, hindrance progression mCSCs seem crossing blood-brain-barrier. Novel therapeutic approaches for advancing slowly, trends involve targeting sub-clones selective determinants update four lung, breast, melanoma colorectal carcinoma presented.

Language: Английский

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Inflammation-related pyroptosis, a novel programmed cell death pathway, and its crosstalk with immune therapy in cancer treatment

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(18), P. 8813 - 8835

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

In recent decades, chemotherapies targeting apoptosis have emerged and demonstrated remarkable achievements. However, emerging evidence has shown that chemoresistance is mediated by impairing or bypassing apoptotic cell death. Several novel types of programmed death, such as ferroptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, recently been reported to play significant roles in the modulation cancer progression are considered a promising strategy for treatment. Thus, switch between pyroptosis also discussed. Cancer immunotherapy gained increasing attention due breakthroughs immune checkpoint inhibitors; moreover, highly correlated with immunity tumor microenvironment. Compared necroptosis primary mechanism host defense crucial bridging innate adaptive immunity. Furthermore, exerts benefits on immunotherapies, including inhibitors (ICIs) chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T). Hence, this review, we elucidate role We summarize potential small molecules nanomaterials target pyroptotic death mechanisms their therapeutic effects cancer.

Language: Английский

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Fueling the fire: emerging role of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway in cancer

BMC Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: July 4, 2019

Altered metabolism and deregulated cellular energetics are now considered a hallmark of all cancers. Glucose, glutamine, fatty acids, amino acids the primary drivers tumor growth act as substrates for hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). The HBP culminates in production an sugar uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) that, along with other charged nucleotide sugars, serves basis biosynthesis glycoproteins glycoconjugates. These nutrient-driven post-translational modifications highly altered cancer regulate protein functions various cancer-associated processes. In this review, we discuss recent progress understanding mechanistic relationship between cancer.

Language: Английский

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Emergence of a High-Plasticity Cell State during Lung Cancer Evolution

Cancer Cell, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 38(2), P. 229 - 246.e13

Published: July 23, 2020

Language: Английский

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