Nature,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
623(7987), P. 633 - 642
Published: Nov. 8, 2023
Trimethylation
of
histone
H3
lysine
9
(H3K9me3)
is
crucial
for
the
regulation
gene
repression
and
heterochromatin
formation,
cell-fate
determination
organismal
development1.
H3K9me3
also
provides
an
essential
mechanism
silencing
transposable
elements1–4.
However,
previous
studies
have
shown
that
canonical
readers
(for
example,
HP1
(refs.
5–9)
MPP8
10–12))
limited
roles
in
endogenous
retroviruses
(ERVs),
one
main
element
classes
mammalian
genome13.
Here
we
report
trinucleotide-repeat-containing
18
(TNRC18),
a
poorly
understood
chromatin
regulator,
recognizes
to
mediate
ERV
class
I
(ERV1)
elements
such
as
LTR12
(ref.
14).
Biochemical,
biophysical
structural
identified
carboxy-terminal
bromo-adjacent
homology
(BAH)
domain
TNRC18
(TNRC18(BAH))
H3K9me3-specific
reader.
Moreover,
amino-terminal
segment
platform
direct
recruitment
co-repressors
HDAC–Sin3–NCoR
complexes,
thus
enforcing
optimal
H3K9me3-demarcated
ERVs.
Point
mutagenesis
disrupts
TNRC18(BAH)-mediated
engagement
caused
neonatal
death
mice
and,
multiple
cell
models,
led
derepressed
expression
ERVs,
which
affected
landscape
cis-regulatory
therefore,
gene-expression
programmes.
Collectively,
describe
new
H3K9me3-sensing
regulatory
pathway
operates
epigenetically
silence
evolutionarily
young
ERVs
exert
substantial
effects
on
host
genome
integrity,
transcriptomic
regulation,
immunity
development.
Trinucleotide-repeat-containing
has
functions,
now
reader
silences
retroviruses.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: April 14, 2023
Abstract
Although
more
studies
are
demonstrating
that
a
father’s
environment
can
influence
child
health
and
disease,
the
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
non-genetic
inheritance
remain
unclear.
It
was
previously
thought
sperm
exclusively
contributed
its
genome
to
egg.
More
recently,
association
have
shown
various
environmental
exposures
including
poor
diet,
toxicants,
stress,
perturbed
epigenetic
marks
in
at
important
reproductive
developmental
loci
were
associated
with
offspring
phenotypes.
The
cellular
routes
underlie
how
transmitted
fertilization,
resist
reprogramming
embryo,
drive
phenotypic
changes
only
now
beginning
be
unraveled.
Here,
we
provide
an
overview
of
state
field
intergenerational
paternal
mammals
present
new
insights
into
relationship
between
embryo
development
three
pillars
inheritance:
chromatin,
DNA
methylation,
non-coding
RNAs.
We
evaluate
compelling
evidence
sperm-mediated
transmission
retention
embryo.
Using
landmark
examples,
discuss
sperm-inherited
regions
may
escape
impact
via
implicate
transcription
factors,
chromatin
organization,
transposable
elements.
Finally,
link
paternally
functional
pre-
post-implantation
Understanding
factors
will
permit
greater
understanding
related
origins
disease.
Communications Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: Sept. 19, 2023
Abstract
Repetitive
DNA
sequences
playing
critical
roles
in
driving
evolution,
inducing
variation,
and
regulating
gene
expression.
In
this
review,
we
summarized
the
definition,
arrangement,
structural
characteristics
of
repeats.
Besides,
introduced
diverse
biological
functions
repeats
reviewed
existing
methods
for
automatic
repeat
detection,
classification,
masking.
Finally,
analyzed
type,
structure,
regulation
human
genome
their
role
induction
complex
diseases.
We
believe
that
review
will
facilitate
a
comprehensive
understanding
provide
guidance
annotation
in-depth
exploration
its
association
with
Mobile DNA,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Aug. 18, 2023
Abstract
Interspersed
repetitions
called
transposable
elements
(TEs),
commonly
referred
to
as
mobile
elements,
make
up
a
significant
portion
of
the
genomes
higher
animals.
TEs
contribute
in
controlling
expression
genes
locally
and
even
far
away
at
transcriptional
post-transcriptional
levels,
which
is
one
their
functional
effects
on
gene
function
genome
evolution.
There
are
different
mechanisms
through
control
genes.
First,
offer
cis-regulatory
regions
with
inherent
regulatory
features
for
own
expression,
making
them
potential
factors
host
Promoter
enhancer
contain
sites
generated
from
TE,
binding
variety
trans-acting
factors.
Second,
miRNAs
long
non-coding
RNAs
(lncRNAs)
have
been
shown
that
encode
RNAs,
revealing
TE
origin
these
RNAs.
Furthermore,
it
was
sequences
essential
RNAs'
actions,
include
target
mRNA.
By
being
member
RNA
sequences,
therefore
play
roles.
Additionally,
has
suggested
TE-derived
both
evolutionary
novelty
regulation.
systems
arising
frequently
tissue-specific
functions.
The
objective
this
review
discuss
TE-mediated
regulation,
particular
emphasis
processes,
contributions
various
types,
differential
roles
tissue
based
mostly
recent
studies
humans.
Cell Genomics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
3(3), P. 100263 - 100263
Published: Feb. 2, 2023
Cell
type-specific
transcriptional
differences
between
brain
tissues
from
donors
with
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
and
unaffected
controls
have
been
well
documented,
but
few
studies
rigorously
interrogated
the
regulatory
mechanisms
responsible
for
these
alterations.
We
performed
single
nucleus
multiomics
(snRNA-seq
plus
snATAC-seq)
on
105,332
nuclei
isolated
cortical
7
AD
8
to
identify
candidate
Nature Genetics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
55(9), P. 1567 - 1578
Published: Sept. 1, 2023
Modified
parental
histones
are
segregated
symmetrically
to
daughter
DNA
strands
during
replication
and
can
be
inherited
through
mitosis.
How
this
may
sustain
the
epigenome
cell
identity
remains
unknown.
Here
we
show
that
transmission
of
histone-based
information
maintains
fidelity
embryonic
stem
plasticity.
Asymmetric
segregation
H3-H4
in
MCM2-2A
mutants
compromised
mitotic
inheritance
histone
modifications
globally
altered
epigenome.
This
included
widespread
spurious
deposition
repressive
modifications,
suggesting
elevated
epigenetic
noise.
Moreover,
H3K9me3
loss
at
repeats
caused
derepression
H3K27me3
redistribution
across
bivalent
promoters
correlated
with
misexpression
developmental
genes.
mutation
challenged
dynamic
transitions
cellular
states
cycle,
enhancing
naïve
pluripotency
reducing
lineage
priming
G1.
Furthermore,
competence
was
diminished,
correlating
impaired
exit
from
pluripotency.
Collectively,
argues
a
correctly
balanced
chromatin
landscape
able
support
mammalian
differentiation.
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
30(4), P. 527 - 538
Published: April 1, 2023
The
placenta
is
a
fast-evolving
organ
with
large
morphological
and
histological
differences
across
eutherians,
but
the
genetic
changes
driving
placental
evolution
have
not
been
fully
elucidated.
Transposable
elements,
through
their
capacity
to
quickly
generate
variation
affect
host
gene
regulation,
may
helped
define
species-specific
trophoblast
expression
programs.
Here
we
assess
contribution
of
transposable
elements
human
as
enhancers
or
promoters.
Using
epigenomic
data
from
primary
stem-cell
lines,
identified
multiple
endogenous
retrovirus
families
regulatory
potential
that
lie
close
genes
preferential
in
trophoblast.
These
largely
primate-specific
are
associated
inter-species
bound
by
transcription
factors
key
roles
development.
editing,
demonstrate
several
act
transcriptional
important
genes,
such
CSF1R
PSG5.
We
also
identify
an
LTR10A
element
regulates
ENG
expression,
affecting
secretion
soluble
endoglin,
implications
for
preeclampsia.
Our
show
transposons
made
contributions
suggest
activity
pregnancy
outcomes.
