Current Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
33(20), P. 4367 - 4380.e9
Published: Sept. 21, 2023
The
mobility
of
transposable
elements
(TEs)
contributes
to
evolution
genomes.
Their
uncontrolled
activity
causes
genomic
instability;
therefore,
expression
TEs
is
silenced
by
host
are
marked
with
DNA
and
H3K9
methylation,
which
associated
silencing
in
flowering
plants,
animals,
fungi.
However,
distantly
related
groups
eukaryotes,
H3K27me3
deposited
the
Polycomb
repressive
complex
2
(PRC2),
an
epigenetic
mark
gene
plants
animals.
direct
PRC2
has
so
far
only
been
shown
one
species
ciliates.
To
test
if
silences
a
broader
range
we
generated
mutants
reduced
analyzed
role
extant
along
lineage
Archaeplastida
diatom
P.
tricornutum.
In
this
red
alga
C.
merolae,
greater
proportion
than
genes
were
repressed
PRC2,
whereas
bryophytes.
contained
potential
cis-elements
recognized
transcription
factors
neighbor
as
transcriptional
units
PRC2.
Thus,
observed
not
but
also
diatoms
ciliates,
suggesting
that
silence
last
common
ancestor
eukaryotes.
We
hypothesize
during
Archaeplastida,
TE
fragments
selected
shape
regulation,
controlling
networks
regulated
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: April 14, 2023
Abstract
Although
more
studies
are
demonstrating
that
a
father’s
environment
can
influence
child
health
and
disease,
the
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
non-genetic
inheritance
remain
unclear.
It
was
previously
thought
sperm
exclusively
contributed
its
genome
to
egg.
More
recently,
association
have
shown
various
environmental
exposures
including
poor
diet,
toxicants,
stress,
perturbed
epigenetic
marks
in
at
important
reproductive
developmental
loci
were
associated
with
offspring
phenotypes.
The
cellular
routes
underlie
how
transmitted
fertilization,
resist
reprogramming
embryo,
drive
phenotypic
changes
only
now
beginning
be
unraveled.
Here,
we
provide
an
overview
of
state
field
intergenerational
paternal
mammals
present
new
insights
into
relationship
between
embryo
development
three
pillars
inheritance:
chromatin,
DNA
methylation,
non-coding
RNAs.
We
evaluate
compelling
evidence
sperm-mediated
transmission
retention
embryo.
Using
landmark
examples,
discuss
sperm-inherited
regions
may
escape
impact
via
implicate
transcription
factors,
chromatin
organization,
transposable
elements.
Finally,
link
paternally
functional
pre-
post-implantation
Understanding
factors
will
permit
greater
understanding
related
origins
disease.
Communications Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: Sept. 19, 2023
Abstract
Repetitive
DNA
sequences
playing
critical
roles
in
driving
evolution,
inducing
variation,
and
regulating
gene
expression.
In
this
review,
we
summarized
the
definition,
arrangement,
structural
characteristics
of
repeats.
Besides,
introduced
diverse
biological
functions
repeats
reviewed
existing
methods
for
automatic
repeat
detection,
classification,
masking.
Finally,
analyzed
type,
structure,
regulation
human
genome
their
role
induction
complex
diseases.
We
believe
that
review
will
facilitate
a
comprehensive
understanding
provide
guidance
annotation
in-depth
exploration
its
association
with
Mobile DNA,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Aug. 18, 2023
Abstract
Interspersed
repetitions
called
transposable
elements
(TEs),
commonly
referred
to
as
mobile
elements,
make
up
a
significant
portion
of
the
genomes
higher
animals.
TEs
contribute
in
controlling
expression
genes
locally
and
even
far
away
at
transcriptional
post-transcriptional
levels,
which
is
one
their
functional
effects
on
gene
function
genome
evolution.
There
are
different
mechanisms
through
control
genes.
First,
offer
cis-regulatory
regions
with
inherent
regulatory
features
for
own
expression,
making
them
potential
factors
host
Promoter
enhancer
contain
sites
generated
from
TE,
binding
variety
trans-acting
factors.
Second,
miRNAs
long
non-coding
RNAs
(lncRNAs)
have
been
shown
that
encode
RNAs,
revealing
TE
origin
these
RNAs.
Furthermore,
it
was
sequences
essential
RNAs'
actions,
include
target
mRNA.
By
being
member
RNA
sequences,
therefore
play
roles.
Additionally,
has
suggested
TE-derived
both
evolutionary
novelty
regulation.
systems
arising
frequently
tissue-specific
functions.
The
objective
this
review
discuss
TE-mediated
regulation,
particular
emphasis
processes,
contributions
various
types,
differential
roles
tissue
based
mostly
recent
studies
humans.
Cell Genomics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
3(3), P. 100263 - 100263
Published: Feb. 2, 2023
Cell
type-specific
transcriptional
differences
between
brain
tissues
from
donors
with
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
and
unaffected
controls
have
been
well
documented,
but
few
studies
rigorously
interrogated
the
regulatory
mechanisms
responsible
for
these
alterations.
We
performed
single
nucleus
multiomics
(snRNA-seq
plus
snATAC-seq)
on
105,332
nuclei
isolated
cortical
7
AD
8
to
identify
candidate
Nature,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
624(7991), P. 378 - 389
Published: Dec. 13, 2023
Abstract
Recent
advances
in
single-cell
technologies
have
led
to
the
discovery
of
thousands
brain
cell
types;
however,
our
understanding
gene
regulatory
programs
these
types
is
far
from
complete
1–4
.
Here
we
report
a
comprehensive
atlas
candidate
cis
-regulatory
DNA
elements
(cCREs)
adult
mouse
brain,
generated
by
analysing
chromatin
accessibility
2.3
million
individual
cells
117
anatomical
dissections.
The
includes
approximately
1
cCREs
and
their
across
1,482
distinct
populations,
adding
over
446,000
most
recent
such
annotation
genome.
are
moderately
conserved
human
brain.
mouse-specific
cCREs—specifically,
those
identified
subset
cortical
excitatory
neurons—are
strongly
enriched
for
transposable
elements,
suggesting
potential
role
emergence
new
neuronal
diversity.
Finally,
infer
networks
260
subclasses
develop
deep-learning
models
predict
activities
different
sequence
alone.
Our
results
provide
resource
analysis
cell-type-specific
regulation
both
brains.
Nature Genetics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
55(9), P. 1567 - 1578
Published: Sept. 1, 2023
Modified
parental
histones
are
segregated
symmetrically
to
daughter
DNA
strands
during
replication
and
can
be
inherited
through
mitosis.
How
this
may
sustain
the
epigenome
cell
identity
remains
unknown.
Here
we
show
that
transmission
of
histone-based
information
maintains
fidelity
embryonic
stem
plasticity.
Asymmetric
segregation
H3-H4
in
MCM2-2A
mutants
compromised
mitotic
inheritance
histone
modifications
globally
altered
epigenome.
This
included
widespread
spurious
deposition
repressive
modifications,
suggesting
elevated
epigenetic
noise.
Moreover,
H3K9me3
loss
at
repeats
caused
derepression
H3K27me3
redistribution
across
bivalent
promoters
correlated
with
misexpression
developmental
genes.
mutation
challenged
dynamic
transitions
cellular
states
cycle,
enhancing
naïve
pluripotency
reducing
lineage
priming
G1.
Furthermore,
competence
was
diminished,
correlating
impaired
exit
from
pluripotency.
Collectively,
argues
a
correctly
balanced
chromatin
landscape
able
support
mammalian
differentiation.
