The cognitive impact of light: illuminating ipRGC circuit mechanisms

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 159 - 175

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Functional neuroimaging in psychiatry and the case for failing better

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(16), P. 2524 - 2544

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Integrated neural dynamics of sensorimotor decisions and actions

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. e3001861 - e3001861

Published: Dec. 15, 2022

Recent theoretical models suggest that deciding about actions and executing them are not implemented by completely distinct neural mechanisms but instead two modes of an integrated dynamical system. Here, we investigate this proposal examining how activity unfolds during a dynamic decision-making task within the high-dimensional space defined cells in monkey dorsal premotor (PMd), primary motor (M1), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) as well external internal segments globus pallidus (GPe, GPi). Dimensionality reduction shows four strongest components functionally interpretable, reflecting state transition between deliberation commitment, transformation sensory evidence into choice, baseline slope rising urgency to decide. Analysis contribution each population these meaningful differences regions no clusters region, consistent with During deliberation, cortical on two-dimensional “decision manifold” falls off manifold at moment commitment choice-dependent trajectory leading movement initiation. The structure varies regions: In PMd, it is curved; M1, nearly perfectly flat; dlPFC, almost entirely confined dimension. contrast, pallidal primarily urgency. We findings reveal functional contributions different brain system governing action selection execution.

Language: Английский

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Tasks and their role in visual neuroscience

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(11), P. 1697 - 1713

Published: April 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Nonlinear manifolds underlie neural population activity during behaviour

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 19, 2023

There is rich variety in the activity of single neurons recorded during behaviour. Yet, these diverse neuron responses can be well described by relatively few patterns neural co-modulation. The study such low-dimensional structure population has provided important insights into how brain generates Virtually all studies have used linear dimensionality reduction techniques to estimate population-wide co-modulation patterns, constraining them a flat “neural manifold”. Here, we hypothesised that since nonlinear and make thousands distributed recurrent connections likely amplify nonlinearities, manifolds should intrinsically nonlinear. Combining recordings from monkey, mouse, human motor cortex, mouse striatum, show that: 1) are nonlinear; 2) their nonlinearity becomes more evident complex tasks require varied patterns; 3) manifold varies across architecturally distinct regions. Simulations using network models confirmed proposed relationship between circuit connectivity nonlinearity, including differences Thus, underlying generation behaviour inherently nonlinear, properly accounting for nonlinearities will critical as neuroscientists move towards studying numerous regions involved increasingly naturalistic behaviours.

Language: Английский

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Computational complexity as a potential limitation on brain–behaviour mapping

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Within the reductionist framework, researchers in special sciences formulate key terms and concepts try to explain them with lower‐level science concepts. For example, behavioural vision scientists describe contrast perception a psychometric function, which perceived brightness increases logarithmically physical of light patch (the Weber‐Fechner law). Visual neuroscientists output neural circuits neurometric functions. Intuitively, from two adjacent scientific domains should map onto each other; for instance, functions may other. Identifying such mappings has been very goal neuroscience nearly centuries. Yet mapping behaviour brain measures turned out be difficult. Here, we provide various arguments as why conspicuous lack robust brain–behaviour is rather rule than an exception. First, overview methodological conceptual issues that stand way successful mapping. Second, extending previous theoretical work (Herzog, Doerig Sachse, 2023), show limited by complexity barriers. In this case, reduction impossible.

Language: Английский

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Latent circuit inference from heterogeneous neural responses during cognitive tasks

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Higher cortical areas carry a wide range of sensory, cognitive and motor signals mixed in heterogeneous responses single neurons tuned to multiple task variables. Dimensionality reduction methods that rely on correlations between neural activity variables leave unknown how arise from connectivity drive behavior. We develop the latent circuit model, dimensionality approach which interact via low-dimensional recurrent produce behavioral output. apply inference networks trained perform context-dependent decision-making find suppression mechanism contextual representations inhibit irrelevant sensory responses. validate this by confirming effects patterned perturbations predicted model. similar prefrontal cortex monkeys performing same task. show incorporating causal interactions among is critical for identifying behaviorally relevant computations response data.

Language: Английский

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The concept of representation in the brain sciences: The current status and ways forward

Mind & Language, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

This article outlines the motivations and main findings of Favela Machery's “Investigating concept representation in neural psychological sciences”, discusses what to do with brain sciences moving forward.

Language: Английский

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Structural determinants of soft memory in recurrent biological networks

Biophysical Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cortical-subcortical interactions in goal-directed behavior

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 103(1), P. 347 - 389

Published: June 30, 2022

Flexibly selecting appropriate actions in response to complex, ever-changing environments requires both cortical and subcortical regions, which are typically described as participating a strict hierarchy. In this traditional view, highly specialized circuits allow for efficient responses salient stimuli, at the cost of adaptability context specificity, attributed neocortex. Their interactions often cortex providing top-down command signals structures implement; however, available technologies develop, studies increasingly demonstrate that behavior is represented by brainwide activity even contain early choice, suggesting behavioral functions emerge result different regions interacting truly collaborative networks. review, we discuss field’s evolving understanding how placental mammals interact cooperatively, not only via cortical-subcortical inputs but through bottom-up interactions, especially thalamus. We describe our current circuitry two exemplar structures, superior colliculus striatum, identify information prioritized regions. then functional these form with one another, thalamus, create parallel loops complex networks flow. Finally, challenge classic view modules contained within specific brain regions; instead, propose certain prioritize types over others, subnetworks they form, defined their anatomical connections dynamics, basis true specialization.

Language: Английский

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