Production of global daily seamless data cubes and quantification of global land cover change from 1985 to 2020 - iMap World 1.0

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 258, P. 112364 - 112364

Published: March 12, 2021

Longer time high-resolution, high-frequency, consistent, and more detailed land cover data are urgently needed in order to achieve sustainable development goals on food security, high-quality habitat construction, biodiversity conservation planetary health, for the understanding, simulation management of Earth system. However, due technological constraints, it is difficult provide simultaneously high spatial resolution, temporal frequency, quality observation data. Existing mapping solutions limited by traditional remotely sensed data, that have shorter periods, poor spatio-temporal consistency comparability. Therefore, a new paradigm needed. This paper develops framework intelligent (iMap) based state-of-the-art technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, virtual constellations, reconstruction fusion. Under this framework, we built an automated, serverless, end-to-end production chain parallel system Amazon Web Services (AWS) produced first 30 m global daily seamless cubes (SDC), annual seasonal maps 1985–2020. The SDC was through multi-source fusion workflow Landsat, MODIS, AVHRR constellations. Independent validation results show relative mean error less than 2.14%. As analysis ready (ARD), can lay foundation high-precision quantitative remote sensing information extraction. From SDC, 36-year long, resolution map set combining strategies sample migration, machine learning, adjustment. average overall accuracy our over multiple periods 80% level 1 classification 73% 2 (29 33 classes). Based objective consisting FLUXNET sites, 10% higher existing datasets including Globeland30. Our change rate 0.36%/yr. Global forest decreased 1.47 million km2 from 38.44 km2, cropland increased 0.84 12.49 impervious surface 0.48 0.57 during 1985– 2020.

Language: Английский

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Cutting the costs of coastal protection by integrating vegetation in flood defences

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 11, 2021

Exposure to coastal flooding is increasing due growing population and economic activity. These developments go hand-in-hand with a loss deterioration of ecosystems. Ironically, these ecosystems can play buffering role in reducing flood hazard. The ability contribute has been emphasized multiple studies. However, the hybrid protection (i.e. combination levees) poorly quantified at global scale. Here, we evaluate use vegetation, mangroves, marshes fronting levees reduce costs, by accounting for wave-vegetation interaction.The research carried out combining earth observation data hydrodynamic modelling. We show that incooperating vegetation results more sustainable financially attractive strategies. If vegetated foreshore levee systems were established along populated coastlines susceptible flooding, required crest height could be considerably reduced. This would result reduction 320 (range: 107-961) billion USD2005 Power Purchasing Parity (PPP) investments, which 67.5 22.5- 202) PPP urban areas 1 100-year level.

Language: Английский

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Scientific foundations for an ecosystem goal, milestones and indicators for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. 1338 - 1349

Published: Aug. 16, 2021

Language: Английский

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Global abundance estimates for 9,700 bird species

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(21)

Published: May 17, 2021

Significance For the fields of ecology, evolutionary biology, and conservation, abundance estimates organisms are essential. Quantifying abundance, however, is difficult time consuming. Using a data integration approach integrating expert-derived global citizen science data, we estimate population 9,700 bird species (∼92% all extant species). We conclude that there many rare species, highlighting need to continue refine for taxa role can play in this effort.

Language: Английский

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Global rarity of intact coastal regions

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(4)

Published: Dec. 15, 2021

Management of the land-sea interface is essential for global conservation and sustainability objectives because coastal regions maintain natural processes that support biodiversity livelihood billions people. However, assessments have focused strictly on either terrestrial or marine realm. Consequently, understanding overall state Earth's poor. We integrated human footprint cumulative impact maps in a assessment anthropogenic pressures affecting regions. Of globally, 15.5% had low pressure, mostly Canada, Russia, Greenland. Conversely, 47.9% were heavily affected by humanity, most countries (84.1%) >50% their degraded. Nearly half (43.3%) protected areas across exposed to high pressures. To meet objectives, all nations must undertake greater actions preserve restore within borders.costa, huella humana, impacto humano cumulativo, litoral, presión restauración, tierras vírgenes Resumen El manejo de la interfaz entre tierra y el mar es esencial para los objetivos mundiales conservación sustentabilidad ya que las regiones costeras mantienen procesos naturales sostienen biodiversidad al sustento miles millones personas. Sin embargo, análisis se han enfocado estrictamente en ámbito marino o terrestre, pero no ambos. Por consiguiente, conocimiento del estado general planeta muy pobre. Integramos terrestre humana mapas marinos cumulativo un presiones antropogénicas afectan áreas costeras. De todo mundo, tuvieron una antropogénica reducida, principalmente Canadá, Rusia Groenlandia. En cambio, estuvieron fuertemente afectas por humanidad, mayoría países sus litorales encuentran degradadas. Casi mitad protegidas tienen grado exposición fuertes humanas. Para cumplir sustentabilidad, todos deben emprender mejores acciones preservar restaurar dentro fronteras.

Language: Английский

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