The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot

Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 370(6522), P. 1343 - 1348

Published: Dec. 10, 2020

Diversity does not drive speciation The role of the environment in origin new species has long been debated. Harvey et al. examined evolutionary history and diversity suboscine birds tropics (see Perspective by Morlon). Contrary to expectations that have higher rates speciation, authors observed more constant occur harsh environments relative tropics. Thus, for this group birds, diversification temperate Arctic regions followed movement retention results their local levels diversity. Science , issue p. 1343 ; see also 1268

Language: Английский

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The Angiosperm Terrestrial Revolution and the origins of modern biodiversity

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 233(5), P. 2017 - 2035

Published: Oct. 26, 2021

Summary Biodiversity today has the unusual property that 85% of plant and animal species live on land rather than in sea, half these tropical rainforests. An explosive boost to terrestrial diversity occurred from c . 100–50 million years ago, Late Cretaceous early Palaeogene. During this interval, Earth‐life system was reset, biosphere expanded a new level productivity, enhancing capacity environments. This biodiversity coincided with innovations flowering biology evolutionary ecology, including their flowers efficiencies reproduction; coevolution animals, especially pollinators herbivores; photosynthetic capacities; adaptability; ability modify habitats. The rise angiosperms triggered macroecological revolution drove modern secular, prolonged shift new, high levels, series processes we name here Angiosperm Terrestrial Revolution.

Language: Английский

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Tectonics, climate and the diversification of the tropical African terrestrial flora and fauna

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 96(1), P. 16 - 51

Published: Sept. 13, 2020

ABSTRACT Tropical Africa is home to an astonishing biodiversity occurring in a variety of ecosystems. Past climatic change and geological events have impacted the evolution diversification this biodiversity. During last two decades, around 90 dated molecular phylogenies different clades across animals plants been published leading increased understanding speciation processes generating tropical African In parallel, extended palaeoclimatic records together with detailed numerical simulations refined our past changes Africa. To date, these important advances not reviewed within common framework. Here, we critically review synthesize climate, tectonics terrestrial throughout Cenozoic mid‐Pleistocene, drawing on recent Earth life sciences. We first six major geo‐climatic periods defining by synthesizing 89 phylogeny studies. Two factors impacting sub‐Saharan biota are highlighted. First, underwent numerous fluctuations at ancient more timescales, tectonic, greenhouse gas, orbital forcing stimulating diversification. Second, aridification since Late Eocene led extinction events, but also provided unique opportunities shaping current landscape. then studies animal plant discuss three models speciation: ( i ) geographic via vicariance (allopatry); ii ecological climate changes, iii genomic genome duplication. Geographic has most widely documented date model conclude four challenges faced research: increase knowledge gathering basic fundamental information; improve modelling geophysical better constraints downscaling approaches; precision phylogenetic reconstruction dating using next generation sequencing approaches fossil calibrations; iv finally, as done here, integrate data from sciences focusing interdisciplinary study wider geodiversity context.

Language: Английский

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A species-level timeline of mammal evolution integrating phylogenomic data

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 602(7896), P. 263 - 267

Published: Dec. 22, 2021

Language: Английский

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A global phylogeny of turtles reveals a burst of climate-associated diversification on continental margins

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(7)

Published: Feb. 8, 2021

Living turtles are characterized by extraordinarily low species diversity given their age. The clade's extensive fossil record indicates that climate and biogeography may have played important roles in determining diversity. We investigated this hypothesis collecting a molecular dataset for 591 individual that, together, represent 80% of all turtle species, including representatives families 98% genera, used it to jointly estimate phylogeny divergence times. found the tree is relatively constant diversification (speciation minus extinction) punctuated single threefold increase. also shift temporally geographically associated with newly emerged continental margins appeared during Eocene-Oligocene transition about 30 million years before present. In apparent contrast, from time period contains evidence major, but regional, extinction event. These seemingly discordant findings appear be driven common global process: cooling drying at transition. This climatic led aridification drove extinctions fossil-bearing areas, while simultaneously exposing new margin habitat subsequently allowed burst speciation these exploitable ecological opportunities.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenomics and the rise of the angiosperms

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 629(8013), P. 843 - 850

Published: April 24, 2024

Angiosperms are the cornerstone of most terrestrial ecosystems and human livelihoods

Language: Английский

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Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 1015 - 1025

Published: July 19, 2021

Language: Английский

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Recommendations for improving statistical inference in population genomics

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. e3001669 - e3001669

Published: May 31, 2022

The field of population genomics has grown rapidly in response to the recent advent affordable, large-scale sequencing technologies. As opposed situation during majority 20th century, which development theoretical and statistical genetic insights outpaced generation data they could be applied, genomic are now being produced at a far greater rate than can meaningfully analyzed interpreted. With this wealth come tendency focus on fitting specific (and often rather idiosyncratic) models data, expense careful exploration range possible underlying evolutionary processes. For example, approach directly investigating adaptive evolution each newly sequenced or species neglects fact that thorough characterization ubiquitous nonadaptive processes is prerequisite for accurate inference. We here describe perils these tendencies, present our consensus views current best practices analysis, highlight areas inference theory need further attention. Thereby, we argue importance defining biologically relevant baseline model tuned details new skepticism scrutiny interpreting results, carefully addressable hypotheses uncertainties.

Language: Английский

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Key innovations and the diversification of Hymenoptera

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 3, 2023

The order Hymenoptera (wasps, ants, sawflies, and bees) represents one of the most diverse animal lineages, but whether specific key innovations have contributed to its diversification is still unknown. We assembled largest time-calibrated phylogeny date investigated origin possible correlation particular morphological behavioral with in order: wasp waist Apocrita; stinger Aculeata; parasitoidism, a specialized form carnivory; secondary phytophagy, reversal plant-feeding. Here, we show that parasitoidism has been dominant strategy since Late Triassic Hymenoptera, was not an immediate driver diversification. Instead, transitions phytophagy (from parasitoidism) had major influence on rate Hymenoptera. Support for as remains equivocal, these traits may laid anatomical foundations adaptations more directly associated

Language: Английский

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Evolution of coastal forests based on a full set of mangrove genomes

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 738 - 749

Published: April 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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