Trophic innovations fuel reef fish diversification

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: May 29, 2020

Abstract Reef fishes are an exceptionally speciose vertebrate assemblage, yet the main drivers of their diversification remain unclear. It has been suggested that Miocene reef rearrangements promoted opportunities for lineage diversification, however, specific mechanisms not well understood. Here, we assemble near-complete fish phylogenies to assess importance ecological and geographical factors in explaining origination patterns. We reveal is strongly associated with species’ trophic identity body size. Large-bodied herbivorous outpace all other groups recent rates, a pattern consistent through time. Additionally, show omnivory acts as intermediate evolutionary step between higher lower levels, while planktivory represents common transition destination. Overall, these results suggest changes configurations were likely driven by, subsequently promoted, innovations. This highlights evolution key element enhancing diversification.

Language: Английский

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The Bogert effect, a factor in evolution

Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 76(S1), P. 49 - 66

Published: Oct. 22, 2021

Behavior is one of the major architects evolution: by behaviorally modifying how they interact with their environments, organisms can influence natural selection, amplifying it in some cases and dampening others. In earliest issues Evolution, Charles Bogert proposed that regulatory behaviors (namely thermoregulation) shield from selection limit physiological evolution. Here, I trace history surrounding origin this concept (now known as "Bogert effect" or "behavioral inertia"), its implications for evolutionary research throughout 20th century. A key follow-up study early 21st century galvanized renewed interest Bogert's classic ideas, established a focus on slowdowns rate evolution response to behaviors. illustrate recent progress effect research, discuss ecological variables predict whether strongly phenomenon unfolds. Based these discoveries, provide hypotheses across several scales: patterns trait within among groups species, spatial effects phenomenon, importance speciation. also inherent link between behavioral inertia drive through an empirical case linking phenomena. Modern comparative approaches help put macroevolutionary buffering test: describe date, areas ripe future investigation. Despite many advances, bridging microevolutionary processes remains persistent gap our understanding effect, leaving wide open avenues deeper exploration.

Language: Английский

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Ecological Interactions and Macroevolution: A New Field with Old Roots

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 51(1), P. 215 - 243

Published: Aug. 4, 2020

Linking interspecific interactions (e.g., mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism) to macroevolution (evolutionary change on deep timescales) is a key goal in biology. The role of species shaping macroevolutionary trajectories has been studied for centuries and remains cutting-edge topic current research. However, despite its historical roots, classic approaches this are highly diverse. Here, we combine contemporary perspectives the study ecological macroevolution, synthesizing ideas across eras build zoomed-out picture big questions at nexus ecology macroevolution. We discuss trajectory important challenging field, dividing research into work done before 1970s, between 1970 2005, since 2005. argue that response long-standing paleobiology, evidence accumulated date demonstrated biotic (including mutualism) can influence lineage diversification trait evolution over timescales, outline major open future field.

Language: Английский

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The latitudinal taxonomy gradient

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(9), P. 778 - 786

Published: May 31, 2021

Language: Английский

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Fossils improve phylogenetic analyses of morphological characters

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 288(1950), P. 20210044 - 20210044

Published: May 5, 2021

Fossils provide our only direct window into evolutionary events in the distant past. Incorporating them phylogenetic hypotheses of living clades can help time-calibrate divergences, as well elucidate macroevolutionary dynamics. However, effect fossils have on reconstruction from morphology remains controversial. The consequences explicitly incorporating stratigraphic ages using tip-dated inference are also unclear. Here, we use simulations to evaluate performance methods across different levels fossil sampling and missing data. Our results show that taxa improve analysis morphological datasets, even when highly fragmentary. Irrespective method, accuracy phylogenies increase number resolved nodes. They induce collapse ancient uncertain relationships tend be incorrectly extant taxa. Furthermore, analyses under fossilized birth–death process outperform undated inference, demonstrating contain vital information. extract true signals morphology, an is mediated by both their distinctive temporal information, incorporation total-evidence phylogenetics necessary faithfully reconstruct history.

Language: Английский

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