Increasing Fire Activity in African Tropical Forests Is Associated With Deforestation and Climate Change DOI Creative Commons
Michael C. Wimberly, Dan Wanyama, Russell Doughty

et al.

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(9)

Published: May 2, 2024

Abstract Fires were historically rare in tropical forests of West and Central Africa, where dense vegetation, rapid decomposition, high moisture limit available fuels. However, increasing heat drought combined with forest degradation fragmentation are making these areas more susceptible to wildfires. We evaluated historical patterns Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer active fires African from 2003 2021. Trends mostly positive, particularly the northeastern southern Congo Basin, concentrated deforestation. Year‐to‐year variation was synchronized temperature vapor pressure deficit. There anomalously fire activity across region during 2015–2016 El Niño. These results contrast drier woodlands savannas, has been decreasing. Further attention is needed understand their global impacts on carbon dynamics local implications for biodiversity human livelihoods.

Language: Английский

Understanding Fire Regimes for a Better Anthropocene DOI Open Access
Luke T. Kelly, Michael‐Shawn Fletcher, Imma Oliveras

et al.

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 48(1), P. 207 - 235

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Fire is an integral part of the Earth System and humans have skillfully used fire for millennia. Yet human activities are scaling up reinforcing each other in ways that reshaping patterns across planet. We review these changes using concept regime, which describes timing, location, type fires. then explore consequences regime on biological, chemical, physical processes sustain life Earth. Anthropogenic drivers such as climate change, land use, invasive species shifting regimes creating environments unlike any humanity has previously experienced. Although exposure to extreme wildfire events increasing, we highlight how knowledge can be mobilized achieve a wide range goals, from reducing carbon emissions promoting biodiversity well-being. A perspective critical navigating toward sustainable future—a better Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
The role of high-biodiversity regions in preserving Nature’s Contributions to People DOI
Marta Cimatti, Rebecca Chaplin‐Kramer, Moreno Di Marco

et al.

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 1385 - 1393

Published: July 13, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Variation of floristic diversity, community composition, endemism, and conservation status of tree species in tropical rainforests of Sri Lanka across a wide altitudinal gradient DOI Creative Commons
Nimalka Sanjeewani, Dilum Samarasinghe, Himesh Jayasinghe

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Abstract Tropical rainforests in Sri Lanka are biodiversity hotspots, which sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance and long-term climate change. We assessed the diversity, endemism conservation status of these across a wide altitudinal range (100–2200 m above sea level) via complete census all trees having ≥ 10 cm diameter at breast height ten one-hectare permanent sampling plots. The numbers tree families, genera species community-scale diversity decreased with increasing altitude. Tree richness total basal area per ha were positively associated means maximum temperature, annual rainfall solar irradiance. Percentage endangered increased altitude was cumulative soil water deficit, day-night temperature difference high disturbance. endemic greater lowland than high-altitude montane forests. Nearly 85% recorded three or less plots, indicated substantial differentiation their distributions. Less individuals 41% 45% native species, underlined need for urgent efforts whole range.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Burning of woody debris dominates fire emissions in the Amazon and Cerrado DOI
Matthias Forkel, Christine Wessollek, Vincent Huijnen

et al.

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Fire-driven disruptions of global soil biochemical relationships DOI Creative Commons
Guiyao Zhou, Nico Eisenhauer, Zhenggang Du

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Fires alter the stability of organic matter and promote soil erosion which threatens fundamental coupling biogeochemical cycles. Yet, how biogeochemistry its environmental drivers respond to fire remain virtually unknown globally. Here, we integrate experimental observations random forest model, reveal significant divergence in responses attributes fire, including carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents worldwide. Fire generally decreases C, has non-significant impacts on total N, while it increases inorganic N P, with some effects persisting for decades. The are most strongly negative cold climates, conifer forests, under wildfires high intensity frequency. Our work provides evidence that decouples globally helps identify high-priority ecosystems where critical components especially unbalanced by is management a world subjected more severe, recurrent, further-reaching wildfires.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A Review of Technologies for the Early Detection of Wildfires DOI

Ryan Honary,

Jeff Shelton,

Pirouz Kavehpour

et al.

ASME Open Journal of Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Wildfires have become a persistent and growing global risk, causing increasing financial, human, environmental damage. By all accounts predictions, they will continue to rise in frequency intensity throughout the 21st century. This paper begins by analyzing physics of fire outlines why detecting wildfires their incipient stages is most effective way manage them. We review various architectures approaches adopted for wildfire detection, including spaceborne, airborne, fixed cameras, sensor networks. The further analyzes pros cons each approach reviews recent deployments published research. In particular, it focuses on significant role that Artificial Intelligence (AI) Deep Learning (DL) play improving effectiveness aforementioned architectures. It examines algorithms models detection platforms compares effectiveness. study suggests solutions combine elements mentioned architectures, integrating different sensors look signatures, coupling them with sophisticated DL maximize sensitivity while minimizing false alarms. An important trend advancement low-power high-performance hardware enabling real-time operation an edge device limited memory processing resources. As seconds minutes can significantly impact our ability effectively suppress wildfire, process data, at network edge, even remote, unpredictable, fragile environment crucial.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A Pantropical Analysis of Fire Impacts and Post‐Fire Species Recovery of Plant Life Forms DOI Creative Commons
Dharma P. Sapkota, David P. Edwards, Mike R. Massam

et al.

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Fires are a key environmental driver that modify ecosystems and global biodiversity. can negatively positively impact biodiversity ecosystem functioning, depending on how frequently fire occurs in the focal ecosystem, but factors influencing responses to inadequately understood. We conduct pan‐tropical analysis of systematically collated data spanning 5257 observations 1705 plant species (trees shrubs, forbs, graminoids climbers) burnt unburnt plots from 28 studies. use model averaging mixed effect models assessing richness turnover (comparing communities) vary with time since fire, type, protected area status biome type (fire sensitive or adaptive). Our analyses bring three findings. First, prescribed non‐prescribed burns have contrasting impacts (trees/shrubs climbers); favours increased compared burns. Second, recovery composition varies across all life form groups; forb's recovered faster over forms. Third, protection alters trees/shrubs climbers graminoids. Non‐protected areas exhibit higher trees/shrubs, climbers. Graminoid quicker sites unprotected ones. Since intervals decreasing fire‐sensitive biomes increasing fire‐adaptive biomes, communities much tropics likely change response exposure future.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Impact of Amazonian deforestation on precipitation reverses between seasons DOI Creative Commons
Yingzuo Qin, Dashan Wang, Alan D. Ziegler

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 639(8053), P. 102 - 108

Published: March 5, 2025

Tropical deforestation was found to cause large reductions in precipitation using a range of observation-based datasets1. However, the limitations satellite-based space-for-time statistical analysis have hindered understanding roles reshaped mesoscale atmospheric circulation and regional recycling at different scales. These effects are considered nonlocal effects, which distinct from local governed by deforestation-induced evapotranspiration (ET). Here we show reversed responses Amazon across wet dry seasons. During season, deforested grids experienced noteworthy increase (0.96 mm month-1 per percentage point forest loss), primarily attributed enhanced (that is, effect). increases weaken with distance grids, leading significant buffers beyond 60 km. Conversely, during decreases throughout all buffers, reduced ET dominating. Our findings highlight intricate balance between driving deforestation-precipitation seasons scales emphasize urgent need address rapid extensive loss region.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Investigating the propagation of droughts under the influence of large-scale climate indices in India DOI

Subhadarsini Das,

Jew Das, N. V. Umamahesh

et al.

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 610, P. 127900 - 127900

Published: May 6, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

36
Projections of Global Land Runoff Changes and Their Uncertainty Characteristics During the 21st Century DOI Creative Commons
Chiyuan Miao,

Yi Wu,

Xuewei Fan

et al.

Earth s Future, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4)

Published: April 1, 2023

Abstract Quantifying uncertainty in runoff changes has profound implications for future investigations and will support global climate model improvement. We analyze the from outputs of 5th 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects (CMIP5 CMIP6) decompose projected into three main sources: internal variability, uncertainty, scenario uncertainty. The results indicate that 73% 72% land area, respectively, shows an increase CMIP5 CMIP6 under high‐emissions scenarios long term (2070–2099) relative to 1970–1999, across all increases by 10.8% RCP8.5 16.1% SSP5–8.5 during 2070–2099 1970–1999. Regions with increasing are mainly Southeast Asia, eastern Africa, Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau high latitudes Northern Hemisphere. agreement is greater than low‐emissions scenarios. For (RRC) CMIP6, contribution variability gradually decreases over time (from 49.2% 2.0%) while 0.6% 30.0%); this result similar CMIP5. Spatially, RRC been a major source accounting more 60% total most regions. study help us better understand also provide theoretical basis developing mitigation measures changes.

Language: Английский

Citations

20