The Rate of Canopy Development Modulates the Link Between the Timing of Spring Leaf Emergence and Summer Moisture DOI Creative Commons
Sander O. Denham, Mallory L. Barnes, Qing Chang

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128(4)

Published: April 1, 2023

Abstract Shifts in phenological timing have important implications for ecosystem processes, with spring leaf emergence as a dominant control of carbon, water, and energy cycling. Phenological events are predominantly determined by weather climate, therefore dynamic time sensitive to climate feedbacks. Improving our understanding how ecosystems respond changes will enhance ability assess summer soil water availability, since the may lead moisture deficits later growing season. We leveraged data from five AmeriFlux towers central eastern United States investigate extent (i.e., start spring, SoS ) influences rates at which forest canopies develop this impacts ( θ JJA variability. Our results indicate that specifically gross primary production GPP evapotranspiration ET ), exhibit compensatory responses varying emergence; delayed spring‐onset, canopy developed more quickly, resulting rapid increases, consistent across sites. Nonetheless, early is relatively good indicator potential deficits, particularly when it occurs together meteorological conditions lower‐than‐average precipitation, hot temperatures) contribute deficits. When these coincide , exacerbated. To extreme occur frequently under future scenarios, dynamics phenology hydroclimate play an increasingly role portending likelihood projected become severe.

Language: Английский

Effect of climate warming on the timing of autumn leaf senescence reverses after the summer solstice DOI Creative Commons
Constantin M. Zohner, Leila Mirzagholi, Susanne S. Renner

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 381(6653)

Published: July 6, 2023

Climate change is shifting the growing seasons of plants, affecting species performance and biogeochemical cycles. Yet how timing autumn leaf senescence in Northern Hemisphere forests will remains uncertain. Using satellite, ground, carbon flux, experimental data, we show that early-season late-season warming have opposite effects on senescence, with a reversal occurring after year's longest day (the summer solstice). Across 84% northern forest area, increased temperature vegetation activity before solstice led to an earlier onset of, average, 1.9 ± 0.1 days per °C, whereas warmer post-solstice temperatures extended duration by 2.6 °C. The current trajectories toward slowed progression affect Hemisphere-wide trends growing-season length productivity.

Language: Английский

Citations

76
Four ways to define the growing season DOI Creative Commons
Christian Körner, Patrick Möhl, Erika Hiltbrunner

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 1277 - 1292

Published: June 14, 2023

What is addressed as growing season in terrestrial ecosystems one of the main determinants annual plant biomass production globally. However, there no well-defined concept behind. Here, we show different facets what might be termed season, each with a distinct meaning: (1) time period during which or part it actually grows and produces new tissue, irrespective net carbon gain (growing sensu stricto). (2) The defined by developmental, that is, phenological markers (phenological season). (3) vegetation whole achieves its primary (NPP) ecosystem (NEP), expressed (productive season) (4) plants could potentially grow based on meteorological criteria (meteorological We hypothesize duration such 'window opportunity' strong predictor for NPP at global scale, especially forests. These definitions have implications understanding modelling growth production. common view variation phenology proxy productivity misleading, often resulting unfounded statements potential consequences climatic warming sequestration.

Language: Английский

Citations

73
Experimental warming causes mismatches in alpine plant-microbe-fauna phenology DOI Creative Commons
Rui Yin,

Wenkuan Qin,

Xudong Wang

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 15, 2023

Abstract Long-term observations have shown that many plants and aboveground animals changed their phenology patterns due to warmer temperatures over the past decades. However, empirical evidence for phenological shifts in alpine organisms, particularly belowground is scarce. Here, we investigate how activities of plants, soil microbes, fauna will respond warming an meadow on Tibetan Plateau, whether potential changes be synchronized. We experimentally simulate increase temperature by 2–4 °C according future projections this region. find promotes plant growth, microbial respiration, feeding 8%, 57%, 20%, respectively, but causes dissimilar during growing season. Specifically, advances faunal activity spring delays it autumn, while peak does not change; whereas increases growth respiration with only minor phenology. Such asynchrony organisms may alter ecosystem functioning stability.

Language: Английский

Citations

30
Tree-ring formation dynamics in Fagus sylvatica and Quercus petraea in a dry and a wet year DOI Open Access
Radosław Puchałka, Peter Prislan, Marcin Klisz

et al.

Dendrobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 1 - 15

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

European beech Fagus sylvatica and Sessile oak Quercus petraea are reaching the north-eastern limits of their natural ranges in northern Poland. According to projected changes potential this region, climatic conditions for both species until 2080 will remain stable. On other hand, a decrease vitality mature trees reduction radial growth currently observed. To understand these contradictory findings, we monitored cambial activity during two vegetation seasons. 2015 was characterized by negative water balance, while 2017 wet. This provided an opportunity compare how xylogenesis proceeds diffuse-porous ring-porous contrasting summer precipitation The forming annual increments were sampled with Presler borer at variable time intervals depending on leaf phenological phases. cores prepared using sledge microtome double-stained safranin astra blue. Observations phases wood formation measurements width analysed microslide digital images. Differences dates Two-Way ANOVA, dynamics fitted Single Double Gompertz function oak, respectively. beginning vessel started earlier seasons compared previous studies. Inter-seasonal differences duration spring insignificant species, inter-species significant due physiological diversity between oak. In dry 2015, ceased sooner than 2017. years, but statistically disparities existed within each varying Rainfall significantly elongated caused wider tree-rings. our study, despite predicted maintaining niche, situated cooler range boundary, expected produce lower rate warmer central climate increased heatwaves droughts.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Consistent time allocation fraction to vegetation green-up versus senescence across northern ecosystems despite recent climate change DOI Creative Commons
Fandong Meng, Andrew J. Felton, Jiafu Mao

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(23)

Published: June 7, 2024

Extended growing season lengths under climatic warming suggest increased time for plant growth. However, research has focused on impacts to the timing or duration of distinct phenological events. Comparatively little is known about relative allocation events, example, proportion dedicated leaf growth versus senescence. We use multiple satellite and ground-based observations show that, despite recent climate change during 2001 2020, ratio allocated vegetation green-up over senescence remained stable [1.27 (± 0.92)] across more than 83% northern ecosystems. This stability independent changes in caused by widespread positive relationships among events; longer results These empirical were also partly reproduced 13 dynamic global models. Our work demonstrates an intrinsic biotic control phenology that could explain change.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Relative benefits of allocating land to bioenergy crops and forests vary by region DOI Creative Commons
Irina Melnikova, Philippe Ciais, Katsumasa Tanaka

et al.

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: June 29, 2023

Abstract Carbon dioxide removal is essential for achieving the Paris Agreement targets. Here we compare bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) afforestation reforestation in terms of their potentials impacts on cycle surface climate under an overshoot pathway using Earth System Model simulations. Althought initially BECCS can remove more allocated areas, emissions from land use change regionally offset benefits compared to afforestation, depending efficiency timescales required achieve mitigation Furthermore, may cause local cooling high- mid-latitude subregions Northern Hemisphere dominated by albedo effects, while causes subtropical tropical through non-radiative mechanisms. The decision allocate crops or forests should account respective potentials, modulated carbon-concentration carbon-climate feedbacks, effects climate.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Fading regulation of diurnal temperature ranges on drought-induced growth loss for drought-tolerant tree species DOI Creative Commons
Xianliang Zhang, Tim Rademacher, Hongyan Liu

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Warming-induced droughts caused tree growth loss across the globe, leading to substantial carbon atmosphere. Drought-induced loss, however, can be regulated by changes in diurnal temperature ranges. Here, we investigated long term radial responses of 23 widespread distributed species from 2327 sites over world and found that species' drought tolerances were significantly positively correlated with range-growth relationships for period 1901-1940. Since 1940, this relationship has continued fade, likely due asymmetric day night warming trends ability deal them. The alleviation reduced ranges on drought-induced was mainly resistant species. Overall, our results highlight need carefully consider species-specific daytime nighttime explore current future warmer drier climates.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Interannual variations and trends of gross primary production and transpiration of four mature deciduous broadleaf forest sites during 2000–2020 DOI Creative Commons
Li Pan, Xiangming Xiao,

Baihong Pan

et al.

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 304, P. 114042 - 114042

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

8
High preseason temperature variability drives convergence of xylem phenology in the Northern Hemisphere conifers DOI Creative Commons
Yaling Zhang, Jian‐Guo Huang, Minhuang Wang

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 1161 - 1167.e3

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Variability in Tree-ring Width and NDVI Responses to Climate at a Landscape Level DOI Creative Commons
Jiří Mašek, Jan Tumajer, Jelena Lange

et al.

Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 1144 - 1157

Published: Jan. 26, 2023

Abstract Inter-annual climatically driven growth variability of above-ground biomass compartments (for example, tree stems and foliage) controls the intensity carbon sequestration into forest ecosystems. However, understanding differences between climatic response stem foliage at landscape level is limited. In this study, we examined climate-growth leaf their relationship for Pinus sylvestris (PISY) Picea abies (PCAB) in topographically complex landscapes. We used tree-ring width chronologies time series normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from high-resolution Landsat scenes as proxies biomass, respectively. then compared relationships both topographical categories. Our results show that responses rings to climate differ significantly those found NDVI, with stronger signal observed rings. Topography had distinct but species-specific effects: At moisture-limited PISY stands, (tree rings) was strongly driven, relatively insensitive topographic variability. landscapes close optimum PCAB, weak, correlations were often inverse, no significant effects topography. Different signals NDVI suggest canopy change might be decoupled. Furthermore, our hint toward different prioritizations allocation trees under stressful conditions which allometric individual long term.

Language: Английский

Citations

15