Polygenic risk score adds to a clinical risk score in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in a clinical setting DOI Creative Commons
Nilesh J. Samani,

Emma Beeston,

Chris Greengrass

et al.

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(34), P. 3152 - 3160

Published: June 7, 2024

Abstract Background and Aims A cardiovascular disease polygenic risk score (CVD-PRS) can stratify individuals into different categories of risk, but whether the addition a CVD-PRS to clinical scores improves identification at increased in real-world setting is unknown. Methods The Genetics Vascular Health Check Study (GENVASC) was embedded within UK National Service (NHSHC) programme which invites between 40–74 years age without known CVD attend an assessment general practice where factors are measured (QRISK2) calculated. Between 2012–2020, 44,141 (55.7% females, 15.8% non-white) who attended NHSHC 147 participating practices across two counties England were recruited followed. When 195 (cases) had suffered major event (CVD death, myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome, revascularisation, stroke), 396 propensity-matched controls with similar profile identified, nested case-control genetic study undertaken see if QRISK2 form integrated tool (IRT) combined would have identified more time their as high (QRISK2 10-year ≥10%), compared alone. Results distribution standardised significantly cases (cases mean .32; controls, −.18, P = 8.28×10−9). 61.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 54.3%–68.4%) subsequently developed being NHSHC, while combination IRT 68.7% CI: 61.7%–75.2%), relative increase 11.7% (P 1×10−4). odds ratio (OR) up-classified 2.41 1.03–5.64, .031) for controls. In aged 40–54 years, 26.0% 16.5%–37.6%) those event, 38.4% 27.2%–50.5%), indicating stronger 47.7% younger group .001). proportion additional similarly women men, non-white ethnicities white ethnicity. findings when added atherosclerotic pooled cohort equations (ASCVD-PCE) SCORE2 scores. Conclusions setting, information improved went on especially among individuals. provide important evidence potential value implementing health systems.

Language: Английский

2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association DOI Creative Commons
Seth S. Martin, Aaron W. Aday, Zaid Almarzooq

et al.

Circulation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 149(8)

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, nutrition, sleep, obesity) factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control, metabolic syndrome) that contribute health. AHA Disease Stroke Statistical Update presents latest data on a range major clinical circulatory disease conditions (including brain health, complications pregnancy, kidney congenital rhythm disorders, sudden cardiac arrest, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary cardiomyopathy, failure, valvular venous thromboembolism, peripheral artery disease) associated outcomes quality care, procedures, economic costs). METHODS: AHA, through its Epidemiology Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors evaluates sources stroke United States globally provide current information available annual review published literature year before writing. 2024 is product full year’s worth effort 2023 by dedicated volunteer clinicians scientists, committed government professionals, staff members. strives further understand help heal problems inflicted structural racism, public crisis can significantly damage mental perpetuate disparities access education, income, housing, several other vital healthy lives. This edition includes additional global data, as well monitoring benefits population, an enhanced focus equity across key domains. RESULTS: Each chapters focuses different topic statistics. CONCLUSIONS: represents critical resource for lay public, policymakers, media clinicians, care administrators, researchers, advocates, others seeking best these conditions.

Language: Английский

Citations

934
Mendelian randomization for cardiovascular diseases: principles and applications DOI Creative Commons
Susanna C. Larsson, Adam S. Butterworth, Stephen Burgess

et al.

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(47), P. 4913 - 4924

Published: Nov. 3, 2023

Abstract Large-scale genome-wide association studies conducted over the last decade have uncovered numerous genetic variants associated with cardiometabolic traits and risk factors. These discoveries enabled Mendelian randomization (MR) design, which uses variation as a natural experiment to improve causal inferences from observational data. By analogy random assignment of treatment in randomized controlled trials, segregation alleles when DNA is transmitted parents offspring at gamete formation expected reduce confounding associations. analyses make set assumptions that must hold for valid results. Provided are well justified employed instrumental variables, MR can inform on whether putative factor likely has effect disease or not. been increasingly applied recent years predict efficacy safety existing novel drugs targeting cardiovascular factors explore repurposing potential available drugs. This review article describes principles design some applications epidemiology.

Language: Английский

Citations

309
Pragmatic solutions to reduce the global burden of stroke: a World Stroke Organization–Lancet Neurology Commission DOI Open Access
Valery L. Feigin, Mayowa Owolabi, Valery L. Feigin

et al.

The Lancet Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 1160 - 1206

Published: Oct. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

232
Stroke DOI
Nina A. Hilkens, Barbara Casolla, Thomas Leung

et al.

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 403(10446), P. 2820 - 2836

Published: May 15, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

119
High‐Performance Hydrogel Sensors Enabled Multimodal and Accurate Human–Machine Interaction System for Active Rehabilitation DOI
Hao Wang,

Qiongling Ding,

Yibing Luo

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(11)

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

Human-machine interaction (HMI) technology shows an important application prospect in rehabilitation medicine, but it is greatly limited by the unsatisfactory recognition accuracy and wearing comfort. Here, this work develops a fully flexible, conformable, functionalized multimodal HMI interface consisting of hydrogel-based sensors self-designed flexible printed circuit board. Thanks to component regulation structural design hydrogel, both electromyogram (EMG) forcemyography (FMG) signals can be collected accurately stably, so that they are later decoded with assistance artificial intelligence (AI). Compared traditional multichannel EMG signals, human-machine method based on combination FMG significantly improves efficiency increasing information entropy signals. The decoding from only two channels for different gestures reaches 91.28%. resulting AI-powered active system control pneumatic robotic glove assist stroke patients completing movements according recognized human motion intention. Moreover, further generalized applied other remote sensing platforms, such as manipulators, intelligent cars, drones, paving way future robot systems.

Language: Английский

Citations

116
Identification of novel protein biomarkers and drug targets for colorectal cancer by integrating human plasma proteome with genome DOI Creative Commons
Jing Sun, Jianhui Zhao, Fangyuan Jiang

et al.

Genome Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Abstract Background The proteome is a major source of therapeutic targets. We conducted proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) study to identify candidate protein markers and targets for colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) were derived from seven published genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on plasma proteome, summary-level data extracted 4853 circulating markers. Genetic associations with CRC obtained large-scale GWAS meta-analysis (16,871 cases 26,328 controls), the FinnGen cohort (4957 304,197 UK Biobank (9276 477,069 controls). Colocalization summary-data-based MR (SMR) analyses performed sequentially verify causal role proteins. Single cell-type expression analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI), druggability evaluation further detect specific cell type enrichment prioritize potential Results Collectively, genetically predicted levels 13 proteins associated risk. Elevated two (GREM1, CHRDL2) decreased 11 an increased risk CRC, among which four CLSTN3, CSF2RA, CD86) prioritized most convincing evidence. These protein-coding genes are mainly expressed in tissue stem cells, epithelial monocytes colon tumor tissue. Two interactive pairs (GREM1 CHRDL2; MMP2 TIMP2) identified be involved osteoclast differentiation tumorigenesis pathways; (POLR2F, CD86, MMP2) have been targeted drug development autoimmune diseases other cancers, potentials being repurposed as CRC. Conclusions This several biomarkers provided new insights into etiology promising screening drugs

Language: Английский

Citations

92
A terminal metabolite of niacin promotes vascular inflammation and contributes to cardiovascular disease risk DOI
Marc Ferrell, Zeneng Wang, James T. Anderson

et al.

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 424 - 434

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Longer and better lives for patients with atrial fibrillation: the 9th AFNET/EHRA consensus conference DOI Creative Commons
Dominik Linz, Jason G. Andrade, Elena Arbelo

et al.

EP Europace, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(4)

Published: March 22, 2024

Abstract Aims Recent trial data demonstrate beneficial effects of active rhythm management in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and support the concept that a low arrhythmia burden is associated risk AF-related complications. The aim this document to summarize key outcomes 9th AFNET/EHRA Consensus Conference Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET) European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). Methods results Eighty-three international experts met Münster for 2 days September 2023. Key findings are as follows: (i) Active should be part default initial treatment all suitable AF. (ii) Patients device-detected AF have stroke. Anticoagulation prevents some strokes also increases major but non-lethal bleeding. (iii) More research needed improve stroke prediction AF, especially those burden. Biomolecules, genetics, imaging can this. (iv) presence trigger systematic workup comprehensive concomitant cardiovascular conditions. (v) Machine learning algorithms been used detection or likely development Cooperation between clinicians scientists leverage potential science applications Conclusions lower other events than high Combining control, anticoagulation, rate therapy conditions lives

Language: Английский

Citations

38
Racial Differences in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: An Ecological Epidemiological Study DOI
Dong-Seon Kang, Pil‐Sung Yang, Daehoon Kim

et al.

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(09), P. 883 - 892

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

This study aimed to evaluate racial differences in the incidence of stroke by conducting an ecological epidemiological using UK Biobank and Korean nationwide data.

Language: Английский

Citations

37
The Rotterdam Study. Design update and major findings between 2020 and 2024 DOI
M. Arfan Ikram, Brenda C.T. Kieboom, Willem Pieter Brouwer

et al.

European Journal of Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(2), P. 183 - 206

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

34