Signal propagation in complex networks

Physics Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1017, P. 1 - 96

Published: April 5, 2023

Language: Английский

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A cellular taxonomy of the adult human spinal cord

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(3), P. 328 - 344.e7

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

The mammalian spinal cord functions as a community of cell types for sensory processing, autonomic control, and movement. While animal models have advanced our understanding cellular diversity, characterizing human biology directly is important to uncover specialized features basic function pathology. Here, we present taxonomy the adult using single-nucleus RNA sequencing with spatial transcriptomics antibody validation. We identified 29 glial clusters 35 neuronal clusters, organized principally by anatomical location. To demonstrate relevance this resource disease, analyzed motoneurons, which degenerate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) other diseases. found that compared neurons, motoneurons are defined genes related size, cytoskeletal structure, ALS, suggesting molecular repertoire underlying their selective vulnerability. include web facilitate further investigations into biology.

Language: Английский

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Reconstructing computational system dynamics from neural data with recurrent neural networks

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 693 - 710

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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Preparatory activity and the expansive null-space

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 213 - 236

Published: March 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Motor cortex activity across movement speeds is predicted by network-level strategies for generating muscle activity

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 27, 2022

Learned movements can be skillfully performed at different paces. What neural strategies produce this flexibility? Can they predicted and understood by network modeling? We trained monkeys to perform a cycling task speeds, artificial recurrent networks generate the empirical muscle-activity patterns. Network solutions reflected principle that smooth well-behaved dynamics require low trajectory tangling. had consistent form, which yielded quantitative qualitative predictions. To evaluate predictions, we analyzed motor cortex activity recorded during same task. Responses supported hypothesis dominant signals reflect not muscle activity, but network-level for generating activity. Single-neuron responses were better accounted than Similarly, population trajectories shared their organization with trajectories, solutions. Thus, cortical could based on need via allow smooth, robust control over movement speed.

Language: Английский

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Spinal Interneurons: Diversity and Connectivity in Motor Control

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 79 - 99

Published: Feb. 28, 2023

The spinal cord is home to the intrinsic networks for locomotion. An animal in which has been fully severed from brain can still produce rhythmic, patterned locomotor movements as long some excitatory drive provided, such physical, pharmacological, or electrical stimuli. Yet it remains a challenge define underlying circuitry that produces these because contains wide variety of neuron classes whose patterns interconnectivity are poorly understood. Computational models locomotion accordingly rely on untested assumptions about network element identity and connectivity. In this review, we consider neurons, their interconnectivity, significance circuit connections along axis cord. We suggest several lines analysis move toward definitive understanding network.

Language: Английский

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Latent neural population dynamics underlying breathing, opioid-induced respiratory depression and gasping

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Abstract Breathing is vital and must be concurrently robust flexible. This rhythmic behavior generated maintained within a rostrocaudally aligned set of medullary nuclei called the ventral respiratory column (VRC). The properties individual VRC are well known, yet technical challenges have limited interrogation entire population simultaneously. Here we characterize over 15,000 units using high-density electrophysiology, opto-tagging histological reconstruction. Population dynamics analysis reveals consistent rotational trajectories through low-dimensional neural manifold. These rotations even during opioid-induced depression. During severe hypoxia-induced gasping, reconfigure from to all-or-none, ballistic efforts. Thus, latent provide unifying lens onto activities large, heterogeneous populations neurons involved in simple, vital, breathing, describe how these respond variety perturbations.

Language: Английский

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A tonically active master neuron modulates mutually exclusive motor states at two timescales

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(15)

Published: April 10, 2024

Continuity of behaviors requires animals to make smooth transitions between mutually exclusive behavioral states. Neural principles that govern these are not well understood. Caenorhabditis elegans spontaneously switch two opposite motor states, forward and backward movement, a phenomenon thought reflect the reciprocal inhibition interneurons AVB AVA. Here, we report spontaneous locomotion their corresponding circuits separately controlled. AVA neither functionally equivalent nor strictly reciprocally inhibitory. AVA, but AVB, maintains depolarized membrane potential. While phasically inhibits promoting interneuron at fast timescale, it tonic, extrasynaptic excitation on over longer timescale. We propose with tonic phasic activity polarities different timescales, acts as master neuron break symmetry underlying circuits. This model offers parsimonious solution for sustained consisted

Language: Английский

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The processing of proprioceptive signals in distributed networks: insights from insect motor control

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT The integration of sensory information is required to maintain body posture and generate robust yet flexible locomotion through unpredictable environments. To anticipate adaptations in limb enable compensation sudden perturbations, an animal's nervous system assembles external (exteroception) internal (proprioception) cues. Coherent neuronal representations the proprioceptive context appendages arise from concerted action multiple sense organs monitoring kinetics kinematics. This multimodal information, together with exteroceptive signals brain-derived descending motor commands, converges onto premotor networks – i.e. local circuitry controlling output movements within ventral nerve cord (VNC), insect equivalent vertebrate spinal cord. Review summarizes existing knowledge recent advances understanding how VNC use convergent contextually appropriate activity, focusing on example control. We compare role advantages distributed processing over dedicated pathways, challenges networks. discuss gain may be tuned behavioral repertoire these systems, argue that might compensate for their limited population size by, comparison networks, relying more heavily specificity connections. At a time which connectomics physiological recording techniques anatomical functional circuit dissection at unprecedented resolution, systems offer unique opportunities identify mechanisms underlying

Language: Английский

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Balancing central control and sensory feedback produces adaptable and robust locomotor patterns in a spiking, neuromechanical model of the salamander spinal cord

PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. e1012101 - e1012101

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

This study introduces a novel neuromechanical model employing detailed spiking neural network to explore the role of axial proprioceptive sensory feedback, namely stretch in salamander locomotion. Unlike previous studies that often oversimplified dynamics locomotor networks, our includes simulations classes neurons are considered responsible for generating movement patterns. The circuits, modeled as adaptive leaky integrate-and-fire neurons, coupled three-dimensional mechanical with realistic physical parameters and simulated muscles. In open-loop (i.e., without feedback), replicates patterns observed in-vitro in-vivo swimming trotting gaits. Additionally, modular descending reticulospinal drive central pattern generation allows accurately control activation, frequency phase relationship different sections limb circuits. closed-loop (i.e. including systematic evaluations reveal intermediate values feedback strength increase tail beat reduce intersegmental lag, contributing more coordinated, faster energy-efficient Interestingly, result is conserved across topologies (ascending or descending, excitatory inhibitory), suggesting it may be an inherent property proprioception. Moreover, strengths expand stability region network, enhancing its tolerance wider range drives, internal parameters’ modifications noise levels. Conversely, high lead loss controllability degradation performance. Overall, this highlights beneficial proprioception generating, modulating stabilizing locomotion patterns, provided does not excessively override centrally-generated rhythms. work also underscores critical detailed, biologically-realistic networks improve understanding vertebrate

Language: Английский

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