SMC motor proteins extrude DNA asymmetrically and contain a direction switch DOI Creative Commons
Roman Barth, Iain F. Davidson, Jaco van der Torre

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 22, 2023

Summary Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) complexes organize the genome via DNA loop extrusion. While some SMCs were reported to do so symmetrically, reeling from both sides into extruded simultaneously, others perform extrusion asymmetrically toward one direction only. The mechanism underlying this variability remains unclear. Here, we examine directionality by using in vitro single-molecule experiments. We find that cohesin and SMC5/6 not reel sides, as before, but instead extrude asymmetrically, while can switch over time. Asymmetric thus is shared across all eukaryotic SMC complexes. For cohesin, switches strongly correlate with turnover subunit NIPBL, during which strand switching may occur. STAG1 stabilizes NIPBL on preventing switches. findings reveal SMCs, surprisingly, contain a subunit. Highlights All asymmetrically. Apparent ‘symmetric’ result frequent n human loop-extrusion changes require exchange NIPBL. cohesin.

Language: Английский

The SMC-family Wadjet complex protects bacteria from plasmid transformation by recognition and cleavage of closed-circular DNA DOI Creative Commons
Amar Deep, Yajie Gu, Yongqi Gao

et al.

Molecular Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 82(21), P. 4145 - 4159.e7

Published: Oct. 6, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

86
Genome control by SMC complexes DOI
Claire Hoencamp, Benjamin D. Rowland

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 633 - 650

Published: May 25, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

65
Looping the Genome with SMC Complexes DOI Creative Commons
Eugene Kim, Roman Barth, Cees Dekker

et al.

Annual Review of Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92(1), P. 15 - 41

Published: May 3, 2023

SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) protein complexes are an evolutionarily conserved family motor proteins that hold sister chromatids together and fold genomes throughout the cell cycle by DNA loop extrusion. These play a key role in variety functions packaging regulation chromosomes, they have been intensely studied recent years. Despite their importance, detailed molecular mechanism for extrusion remains unresolved. Here, we describe roles SMCs chromosome biology particularly review vitro single-molecule studies recently advanced our understanding proteins. We mechanistic biophysical aspects govern genome organization its consequences.

Language: Английский

Citations

56
Loop-extruding Smc5/6 organizes transcription-induced positive DNA supercoils DOI Creative Commons
Kristian Jeppsson, Biswajit Pradhan, Takashi Sutani

et al.

Molecular Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 84(5), P. 867 - 882.e5

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

The structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes—cohesin, condensin, and the Smc5/6 complex (Smc5/6)—are essential for chromosome function. At molecular level, these complexes fold DNA by loop extrusion. Accordingly, cohesin creates loops in interphase, condensin compacts mitotic chromosomes. However, role Smc5/6's recently discovered extrusion activity is unknown. Here, we uncover that associates with transcription-induced positively supercoiled at cohesin-dependent boundaries on budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Mechanistically, single-molecule imaging reveals dimers specifically recognize tip plectonemes efficiently initiate to gather into a large plectonemic loop. Finally, Hi-C analysis shows links chromosomal regions containing positive supercoiling cis. Altogether, our findings indicate controls three-dimensional organization recognizing initiating DNA.

Language: Английский

Citations

30
SMC motor proteins extrude DNA asymmetrically and can switch directions DOI Creative Commons
Roman Barth, Iain F. Davidson, Jaco van der Torre

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Nuclear and genome dynamics underlying DNA double-strand break repair DOI
Irene Chiolo, Matthias Altmeyer, Gaëlle Legube

et al.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
How do molecular motors fold the genome? DOI Open Access
Cees Dekker, Christian H. Haering, Jan‐Michael Peters

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 382(6671), P. 646 - 648

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

A potential mechanism of DNA loop extrusion by molecular motors is discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
The multi-functional Smc5/6 complex in genome protection and disease DOI
Xiao Peng, Xiaolan Zhao

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 724 - 734

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Structural basis for plasmid restriction by SMC JET nuclease DOI Creative Commons
Florian Roisné-Hamelin, Hon Wing Liu, Michael J. Taschner

et al.

Molecular Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 84(5), P. 883 - 896.e7

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

DNA loop-extruding SMC complexes play crucial roles in chromosome folding and immunity. Prokaryotic Wadjet (JET) limit the spread of plasmids through cleavage, yet mechanisms for plasmid recognition are unresolved. We show that artificial circularization renders linear susceptible to JET nuclease cleavage. Unlike free DNA, cleaves immobilized at a specific site, plasmid-anchoring point, showing anchor hinders extrusion but not Structures plasmid-bound JetABC reveal two presumably stalled motor units drastically rearranged from resting state, together entrapping U-shaped segment, which is further converted kinked V-shaped cleavage substrate by JetD binding. Our findings uncover mechanical bending residual unextruded as molecular signature non-self elimination. moreover elucidate key elements loop extrusion, including direction structure DNA-holding state.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Light signaling in plants—a selective history DOI Creative Commons
Enamul Huq, Chentao Lin, Peter H. Quail

et al.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 195(1), P. 213 - 231

Published: March 2, 2024

Abstract In addition to providing the radiant energy that drives photosynthesis, sunlight carries signals enable plants grow, develop and adapt optimally prevailing environment. Here we trace path of research has led our current understanding cellular molecular mechanisms underlying plant's capacity perceive transduce these into appropriate growth developmental responses. Because a fully comprehensive review was not possible, have restricted coverage phytochrome cryptochrome classes photosensory receptors, while recognizing phototropin UV also contribute importantly full scope light-signal monitoring by plant.

Language: Английский

Citations

15