Future emergence of new ecosystems caused by glacial retreat

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 620(7974), P. 562 - 569

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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Disproportionate declines of formerly abundant species underlie insect loss

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 628(8007), P. 359 - 364

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

Abstract Studies have reported widespread declines in terrestrial insect abundances recent years 1–4 , but trends other biodiversity metrics are less clear-cut 5–7 . Here we examined long-term 923 assemblages monitored 106 studies, and found concomitant abundance species richness. For studies that were resolved to level (551 sites 57 studies), observed a decline the number of initially abundant through time, not very rare species. At population level, most at start time series showed strongest average (corrected for regression-to-the-mean effects). Rarer were, on average, also declining, these offset by increases Our results suggest decreases total 2 can mostly be explained formerly This counters common narrative loss is characterized 8,9 Although our fundamental changes occurring assemblages, it important recognize they represent only from those locations which sufficient data available. Nevertheless, given importance ecosystems 10 their general likely broad repercussions food webs ecosystem functioning.

Language: Английский

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Biological invasions are a population‐level rather than a species‐level phenomenon

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Biological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, socio-economic interests. The stages successful are driven by same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general-via natural selection on intraspecific variation traits influence survival reproductive performance (i.e., fitness). Surprisingly, however, rapid progress field invasion science has resulted predominance species-level approaches (such as deny lists), often irrespective theory, local adaptation other population-level processes govern invasions. To address these issues, we analyse non-native dynamics at population level employing database European freshwater macroinvertebrate time series, investigate spreading speed, abundance impact assessments among populations. Our findings reveal substantial variability speed trends within between biogeographic regions, indicating levels invasiveness differ markedly. Discrepancies inconsistencies risk screenings real data were also identified, highlighting inherent challenges accurately assessing effects through assessments. In recognition importance assessments, urge shift invasive management frameworks, which should account for different populations their environmental context. Adopting an adaptive, region-specific population-focused approach is imperative, considering diverse ecological contexts varying degrees susceptibility. Such could improve refine while promoting mechanistic understandings risks impacts, thereby enabling development more effective conservation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Revealing uncertainty in the status of biodiversity change

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 628(8009), P. 788 - 794

Published: March 27, 2024

Abstract Biodiversity faces unprecedented threats from rapid global change 1 . Signals of biodiversity come time-series abundance datasets for thousands species over large geographic and temporal scales. Analyses these have pointed to varied trends in abundance, including increases decreases. However, analyses not fully accounted spatial, phylogenetic structures the data. Here, using a new statistical framework, we show across ten high-profile 2–11 that decreases under existing approaches vanish once are for. This is consequence severely underestimating trend uncertainty sometimes misestimating direction. Under our revised average appropriately recognize uncertainty, failed observe single increasing or decreasing at 95% credible intervals datasets. emphasizes how little known about vast spatial taxonomic Despite this scales, reveal improved local-scale prediction accuracy by accounting structures. Improved offers hope estimating policy-relevant guiding adaptive conservation responses.

Language: Английский

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Hydropower impacts on riverine biodiversity

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(11), P. 755 - 772

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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Photothermal fabrics for solar-driven seawater desalination

Progress in Materials Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101407 - 101407

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Multi-decadal improvements in the ecological quality of European rivers are not consistently reflected in biodiversity metrics

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 430 - 441

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Climate change extinctions

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 386(6726), P. 1123 - 1128

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Climate change is expected to cause irreversible changes biodiversity, but predicting those risks remains uncertain. I synthesized 485 studies and more than 5 million projections produce a quantitative global assessment of climate extinctions. With increased certainty, this meta-analysis suggests that extinctions will accelerate rapidly if temperatures exceed 1.5°C. The highest-emission scenario would threaten approximately one-third species, globally. Amphibians; species from mountain, island, freshwater ecosystems; inhabiting South America, Australia, New Zealand face the greatest threats. In line with predictions, has contributed an increasing proportion observed since 1970. Besides limiting greenhouse gases, pinpointing which protect first be critical for preserving biodiversity until anthropogenic halted reversed.

Language: Английский

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Effects of cascade hydropower stations on hydrologic cycle in Xiying river basin, a runoff in Qilian mountain

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 646, P. 132342 - 132342

Published: Nov. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Understanding the complex dynamics of zebra mussel invasions over several decades in European rivers: drivers, impacts and predictions

Oikos, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(4)

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

The zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha is one of the most successful, notorious, and detrimental aquatic invasive non‐native species worldwide, having invaded Europe North America while causing substantial ecological socio‐economic impacts. Here, we investigated spatiotemporal trends in this species' invasion success using 178 macroinvertebrate abundance time series, containing 1451 records D. collected across nine European countries between 1972–2019. Using these raw (absolute) data, examined drivers occurrences relative abundances within communities. Meta‐regression models revealed non‐significant both at level for majority countries, except France (significant decreasing trend) Hungary (marginally positive trend). At level, number over followed a flat‐top bell‐shaped distribution, with steep increase 1973–1989 by plateau phase prior to significantly declining post‐1998. series climatic hydromorphological site‐specific characteristics uninvaded sites from two periods (1998–2002; 2011–2015), found that native richness, abundance, distance next barrier, elevation were associated occurrence . We also higher richness lower latitude related abundances. Cohen's D as measure impact, biodiversity was initially than ones, but then declined, suggesting differences sites. While our results emphasise high , increasing stressors context global change – particularly ongoing climate are likely enhance rates impact near future, exacerbated lack timely effective management actions.

Language: Английский

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