Community estimate of global glacier mass changes from 2000 to 2023

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Abstract Glaciers are indicators of ongoing anthropogenic climate change 1 . Their melting leads to increased local geohazards 2 , and impacts marine 3 terrestrial 4,5 ecosystems, regional freshwater resources 6 both global water energy cycles 7,8 Together with the Greenland Antarctic ice sheets, glaciers essential drivers present 9,10 future 11–13 sea-level rise. Previous assessments glacier mass changes have been hampered by spatial temporal limitations heterogeneity existing data series 14–16 Here we show in an intercomparison exercise that worldwide lost 273 ± 16 gigatonnes annually from 2000 2023, increase 36 10% first (2000–2011) second (2012–2023) half period. Since 2000, between 2% 39% their regionally about 5% globally. Glacier loss is 18% larger than Ice Sheet more twice 17 Our results arise a scientific community effort collect, homogenize, combine analyse situ remote-sensing observations. Although our estimates agreement findings previous at scale, found some large deviations owing systematic differences among observation methods. provide refined baseline for better understanding observational calibrating model ensembles 12,16,18 which will help narrow projection uncertainty twenty-first century 11,12,18

Language: Английский

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Shift of the ecosystem nitrogen cycle from open to closed within a century along a glacial retreat chronosequence at Mount Gongga, southwest China

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Abstract Aims To improve our understanding of N cycle development during primary succession after glacial retreat, we (i) assessed the role biological 2 fixation, (ii) determined gross ammonification rates to identify onset mineralization, (iii) quantified retention 15 NH 4 + and NO 3 − in various ecosystem compartments evaluate accumulation deposited (iv) followed label into soil pool explore nitrification along subtropical alpine Hailuogou retreat chronosequence, SW China. Methods We measured stocks δ values dominant tree species, organic layer 0–10 cm mineral turnover via tracer experiments. Results accumulated at a fast mean rate 4.5 ± 1.0 g m −2 yr −1 favored by an initially near-neutral pH value. The vegetation started near 0‰ decreased range -2.7 -4.4‰ 127 years. Gross were low but increased with age from 0.025 50.6 mg kg d N, matching those mature (sub)tropical forests. maximum shifted bryophyte shrub layer. hardly appeared reflecting little nitrification. Conclusions Strong initial fixation was succeeded tight cycling between older sites within approximately 120 yr.

Language: Английский

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Combined effects of microplastics and flupyradifurone on gut microbiota and oxidative status of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.)

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 270, P. 121026 - 121026

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Plants' Contributions to People Shift With Glacier Extinction

Plant-Environment Interactions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(2)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Alpine environments are among the most vulnerable ecosystems to climate change, with glacier retreat rapidly altering plant communities, biodiversity, and ecosystem functions. However, socio‐economic consequences of these biodiversity changes remain largely unexplored. Understanding Nature's Contributions People (NCP) provides a valuable framework for assessing biodiversity's role in human well‐being. While NCP has typically been studied at landscape level, we focus on species‐specific contributions plants highlight importance glacial people. Our novel concept Plants' (PCP) insights into ecological, social, economic significance offers practical approach guiding conservation efforts policy decisions. We surveyed 99 species four Italian Alps; one (Trobio) underwent complete extinction 2023 while another (Amola) widespread surface debris cover is proximate extinction. then grouped early, intermediate, late depending their successional stages, linked 13 different PCP based extensive literature research. By comparing present projected future scenarios, assessed absolute relative under results show that primarily driven by declining richness. Most affected associated air quality, soil health, nutrient regulation, which decrease sevenfold average across species. Whereas natural hazards regulation showed no significant variation, association pest disease increases especially communities may provide qualitatively similar present‐day volume would due loss first evidence shift toward erosion following This case study demonstrates tool ecological helping raise awareness crisis inform actions aimed sustaining functions changing world.

Language: Английский

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Bacterial Community Structure Modulates Soil Phosphorus Turnover at Early Stages of Primary Succession

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Abstract Microbes are the drivers of soil phosphorus (P) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems; however, role microbes mediating P P‐rich soils during primary succession remains uncertain. This study examined impacts bacterial community structure (diversity and composition) its functional potential (absolute abundances P‐cycling genes) on along a 130‐year glacial chronosequence eastern Tibetan Plateau. Bacterial was better predictor fractions than genes chronosequence. After glacier retreat, solubilization inorganic mineralization organic were significantly enhanced by increased diversity, changed interspecific interactions, abundant species involved mineralization, thereby increasing availability. Although 84% associated with these more closely carbon P. demand probably determined turnover, indicating dominant matter decomposition processes alpine soils. Moreover, significant decrease complexity co‐occurrence network taxa‐gene‐P at later stage indicates declining dominance driving succession. Our results reveal that bacteria complex have prominent for biogeochemical early stages

Language: Английский

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Glacial landforms and geometric transformations: tracing the history of Pensilungpa and Durung-Drung glaciers in Suru and Doda River valleys, Western Himalaya, Ladakh

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 197(3)

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Incipient soils: New habitats in proglacial areas of the Maladeta massif (Central Pyrenees)

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 967, P. 178740 - 178740

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Bryophyte colonisation on recently deglaciated lands in the European Alps

Journal of Bryology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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New coasts emerging from the retreat of Northern Hemisphere marine-terminating glaciers in the twenty-first century

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mountain ecosystem services under a changing climate: A global perspective

Ecosystem Services, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 101732 - 101732

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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