
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16
Published: April 3, 2025
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly complex and continuous evolving ecosystem, consisting of diverse array cellular non-cellular components. Among these, benign non-immune cells, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), adipocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes (PCs), Schwann (SCs) others, are crucial factors for development. Benign within the TME interact with both immune cells. These interactions contribute to progression through direct contact indirect communication. Numerous studies have highlighted role that exert on potential tumor-promoting mechanisms via multiple signaling pathways factors. However, these may play different roles across cancer types. Therefore, it important understand based heterogeneity. A deep understanding allows us develop novel therapies by targeting In this review, we will introduce several types according heterogeneity their in TME.
Language: Английский