Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Esophageal
cancer
(EC)
remains
a
public
health
concern
with
high
mortality
and
disease
burden
worldwide.
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(ESCC)
is
predominant
histological
subtype
of
EC
that
has
unique
etiology,
molecular
profiles,
clinicopathological
features.
Although
systemic
chemotherapy,
including
cytotoxic
agents
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors,
the
main
therapeutic
option
for
recurrent
or
metastatic
ESCC
patients,
clinical
benefits
are
limited
poor
prognosis.
Personalized
molecular-targeted
therapies
have
been
hampered
due
to
lack
robust
treatment
efficacy
in
trials.
Therefore,
there
an
urgent
need
develop
effective
strategies.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
profiles
based
on
findings
pivotal
comprehensive
analyses,
highlighting
potent
targets
establishing
future
precision
medicine
most
recent
results
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(3), P. 765 - 765
Published: Jan. 26, 2023
Esophageal
cancer
(EC)
is
the
ninth
most
common
and
sixth
leading
cause
of
deaths
worldwide.
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(ESCC)
esophageal
adenocarcinoma
(EAC)
are
two
main
histological
subtypes
with
distinct
epidemiological
clinical
features.
While
global
incidence
ESCC
declining,
EAC
increasing
in
many
countries.
Decades
epidemiologic
research
have
identified
environmental
exposures
for
subtypes.
Recent
advances
understanding
genomic
aspects
EC
advanced
our
causes
led
to
using
specific
alterations
tumors
as
biomarkers
early
diagnosis,
treatment,
prognosis
this
cancer.
Nevertheless,
still
poor,
a
five-year
survival
rate
less
than
20%.
Currently,
there
significant
challenges
detection
secondary
prevention
both
subtypes,
but
Cytosponge™
shifting
position
EAC.
Primary
remains
preferred
strategy
reducing
burden
EC.
In
review,
we
will
summarize
recent
advances,
current
status,
future
prospects
studies
related
epidemiology,
time
trends,
risk
factors,
prevention,
treatment
Nature,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
602(7897), P. 510 - 517
Published: Feb. 9, 2022
Clustered
somatic
mutations
are
common
in
cancer
genomes
and
previous
analyses
reveal
several
types
of
clustered
single-base
substitutions,
which
include
doublet-
multi-base
substitutions
Nature,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
629(8013), P. 910 - 918
Published: May 1, 2024
Abstract
International
differences
in
the
incidence
of
many
cancer
types
indicate
existence
carcinogen
exposures
that
have
not
yet
been
identified
by
conventional
epidemiology
make
a
substantial
contribution
to
burden
1
.
In
clear
cell
renal
carcinoma,
obesity,
hypertension
and
tobacco
smoking
are
risk
factors,
but
they
do
explain
geographical
variation
its
2
Underlying
causes
can
be
inferred
sequencing
genomes
cancers
from
populations
with
different
rates
detecting
patterns
somatic
mutations.
Here
we
sequenced
962
carcinomas
11
countries
varying
incidence.
The
mutation
profiles
differed
between
countries.
Romania,
Serbia
Thailand,
mutational
signatures
characteristic
aristolochic
acid
compounds
were
present
most
cases,
these
rare
elsewhere.
Japan,
signature
unknown
cause
was
found
more
than
70%
cases
less
2%
A
further
ubiquitous
exhibited
higher
loads
kidney
cancer.
Known
correlated
consumption,
no
associated
obesity
or
hypertension,
suggesting
non-mutagenic
mechanisms
action
underlie
factors.
results
this
study
multiple,
geographically
variable,
mutagenic
potentially
affect
tens
millions
people
illustrate
opportunities
for
new
insights
into
causation
through
large-scale
global
genomics.
