Role of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 51, P. 102590 - 102590

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

A substantial body of literature has provided evidence for the role gut microbiota in metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes. However, reports vary regarding association particular taxonomic groups with disease. In this systematic review, we focused on potential different bacterial taxa affecting We have summarized from 42 human studies reporting microbial associations disease, and identified supporting preclinical or clinical trials using treatments probiotics. Among commonly reported findings, genera Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Akkermansia Roseburia were negatively associated T2D, while Ruminococcus, Fusobacterium, Blautia positively T2D. also discussed molecular mechanisms effects onset progression

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota in colorectal cancer: mechanisms of action and clinical applications

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 690 - 704

Published: Sept. 25, 2019

Language: Английский

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Microbiota as Predictor of Mortality in Allogeneic Hematopoietic-Cell Transplantation

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 382(9), P. 822 - 834

Published: Feb. 26, 2020

Relationships between microbiota composition and clinical outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplantation have been described in single-center studies. Geographic variations the of human microbial communities differences practices across institutions raise question whether these associations are generalizable.

Language: Английский

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Systematic Review of Gut Microbiota and Major Depression

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 11, 2019

Background: Recently discovered relationships between the gastrointestinal microbiome and brain have implications for psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Bacterial transplantation from MDD patients to rodents produces depression-like behaviors. In humans, case-control studies examined gut in healthy affected individuals. We systematically reviewed existing comparing microbial composition volunteers. Methods: A PubMed literature search combined terms "depression," "depressive disorder," "stool," "fecal," "gut," "microbiome" identify human that investigated microbiota quantified stool. evaluated resulting studies, focusing on bacterial taxa were different controls. Results: Six eligible found which 50 exhibited differences (p<0.05) with Patient characteristics methodologies varied widely studies. Five phyla—Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria Protobacteria—were represented; however, divergent results occurred across all phyla. The largest number of differentiating within phylum nine families twelve genera differentiated diagnostic groups. majority these be statistically two groups identified. Family Lachnospiraceae four (with an even split directionality). Across five phyla, higher (Anaerostipes, Blautia, Clostridium, Klebsiella, incertae sedis, Parabacteroides, Parasuterella, Phascolarctobacterium, Streptococcus), six lower (Bifidobacterium, Dialister, Escherichia/Shigella, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus), (Alistipes, Bacteroides, Megamonas, Oscillibacter, Prevotella, Roseburia). highlight mechanisms products metabolism as they may relate etiology depression. Conclusions: No consensus has emerged depression concerning are most relevant This part due study design. Given functions conserved taxonomic groups, we propose studying functioning more productive than a purely approach understanding

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal multi-omics of host–microbe dynamics in prediabetes

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 569(7758), P. 663 - 671

Published: May 29, 2019

Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a growing health problem, but little known about its early disease stages, effects on biological processes or the transition to clinical T2D. To understand earliest stages of T2D better, we obtained samples from 106 healthy individuals and with prediabetes over approximately four years performed deep profiling transcriptomes, metabolomes, cytokines, proteomes, as well changes in microbiome. This rich longitudinal data set revealed many insights: first, profiles are distinct among while displaying diverse patterns intra- and/or inter-personal variability. Second, extensive host microbial occur during respiratory viral infections immunization, immunization triggers potentially protective responses that infections. Moreover, infections, insulin-resistant participants respond differently than insulin-sensitive participants. Third, global co-association analyses thousands profiled molecules reveal specific host–microbe interactions differ between individuals. Last, identified personal molecular signatures one individual preceded onset T2D, including inflammation markers interleukin-1 receptor agonist (IL-1RA) high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) paired xenobiotic-induced immune signalling. Our study reveals insights into pathways glucose-dysregulated provides an open-access resource enable further research healthy, prediabetic states.

Language: Английский

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Host variables confound gut microbiota studies of human disease

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 587(7834), P. 448 - 454

Published: Nov. 4, 2020

Language: Английский

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The Diversity of Gut Microbiome is Associated With Favorable Responses to Anti–Programmed Death 1 Immunotherapy in Chinese Patients With NSCLC

Journal of Thoracic Oncology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1378 - 1389

Published: April 23, 2019

Gut microbiome affecting the responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors against advanced NSCLC has been investigated in Western population. However, considering pre-existing genetic and gut microbiota variation, relevance remains unknown East-Asian This study is designed explore relationship between clinical outcomes Chinese patients with who have received treatment using an anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockade.Thirty-seven receiving nivolumab were enrolled CheckMate 078 (NCT02613507) 870 (NCT03195491). Fecal samples collected at starting point, when nivolumab, evaluation, disease progression was noted. 16S ribosome RNA gene sequencing applied assess profiles. Peripheral signatures determined by multicolor flow cytometry parallel.When subgrouping into responder (R) nonresponder according response assessed Response Evaluation Criteria Solid Tumor version 1.1, R harbored higher diversity of point stable composition during treatment. Patients high had significantly prolonged progression-free survival compared those low diversity. Compositional difference observed two groups as well enrichment Alistipes putredinis, Bifidobacterium longum, Prevotella copri whereas Ruminococcus_unclassified enriched nonresponding patients. Analysis systemic revealed that a abundance greater frequency unique memory CD8+ T cell natural killer subsets periphery anti-PD-1 therapy.Our results reveal strong correlation immunotherapy NSCLC. favorable (such diversity) exhibit enhanced periphery. These findings provide important implications for prediction evaluation

Language: Английский

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Improved metagenome binning and assembly using deep variational autoencoders

Nature Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 39(5), P. 555 - 560

Published: Jan. 4, 2021

Language: Английский

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Gut mucosal virome alterations in ulcerative colitis

Gut, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 68(7), P. 1169 - 1179

Published: March 6, 2019

The pathogenesis of UC relates to gut microbiota dysbiosis. We postulate that alterations in the viral community populating intestinal mucosa play an important role pathogenesis. This study aims characterise mucosal virome and their functions health UC.Deep metagenomics sequencing virus-like particle preparations bacterial 16S rRNA were performed on rectal 167 subjects from three different geographical regions China (UC=91; healthy controls=76). Virome bacteriome assessed correlated with patient metadata. applied partition around medoids clustering algorithm classified communities into two clusters, referred as metacommunities 1 2.In UC, there was expansion viruses, particularly Caudovirales bacteriophages, a decrease diversity, richness evenness compared controls. Altered inflammation. Interindividual dissimilarity between viromes higher than Escherichia phage Enterobacteria more abundant Compared metacommunity 1, 2 predominated by displayed significant loss various species. Patients showed substantial abrogation diverse functions, whereas multiple bacteriophages associated host bacteria fitness pathogenicity, markedly enriched mucosa. Intensive transkingdom correlations viruses significantly depleted UC.We demonstrated for first time is characterised virobiota functional distortion. Enrichment increased phage/bacteria virulence viral-bacterial highlight may

Language: Английский

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The ancestral and industrialized gut microbiota and implications for human health

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 383 - 390

Published: May 15, 2019

Language: Английский

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