Socioeconomic inequalities in opportunities and participation in in-person learning during the Covid-19 pandemic

International Journal of Educational Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105, P. 102978 - 102978

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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The role of schools in driving SARS-CoV-2 transmission: Not just an open-and-shut case

Cell Reports Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 100556 - 100556

Published: Feb. 21, 2022

Keeping schools open without permitting COVID-19 spread has been complicated by conflicting messages around the role of children and in fueling pandemic. Here, we describe methodological limitations research minimizing SARS-CoV-2 transmission schools, review evidence for safely operating while reducing overall transmission.

Language: Английский

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Individual prevention and containment measures in schools in Catalonia, Spain, and community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 after school re-opening

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. e0263741 - e0263741

Published: Feb. 16, 2022

Background Despite their clear lesser vulnerability to COVID-19, the extent by which children are susceptible getting infected SARS-CoV-2 and capacity transmit infection other people remains inadequately characterized. We aimed evaluate role of school reopening preventive strategies in place at schools terms overall risk for community transmission, comparing transmission rates as detected a COVID-19 surveillance platform Catalonian Schools incidence level. Methods findings Infections Catalan during entire first trimester classes (September-December 2020) were analysed compared with ongoing modelled predicted number infections. There 30.486 infections (2.12%) documented among circa 1.5M pupils, cases 54.0% 97.5% primary secondary centres, respectively. During term, proportion “bubble groups” (stable groups doing activities together) that forced undergo confinement ranged between 1 5%, scarce evidence substantial intraschool form chains infections, ~75% all not leading cases. Mathematical models also used effect different parameters related defined (size bubble group, days required contacts an index case). The effective reproduction inside (R*), average schoolmates each case within bubble, was calculated, yielding value 0.35 0.55 schools, outcomes mathematical model, implying decreased transmissibility context applied measures. Relative homogenized monthly cumulative ( rCIhom,j ) assessed compare epidemiological dynamics age this analysis suggested limited impact school-aged incidence. Conclusions fall 2020, closely mirrored underlying from neighbourhoods where they set maintaining open appeared be safe irrespective transmission. Preventive measures those working early detection rapid containment should maintained adequate functioning normal academic face-to-face activities.

Language: Английский

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Improvement of the software for modeling the dynamics of epidemics and developing a user-friendly interface

Infectious Disease Modelling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 806 - 821

Published: July 8, 2023

The challenges humanity is facing due to the Covid-19 pandemic require timely and accurate forecasting of dynamics various epidemics minimize negative consequences for public health economy. One can use a variety well-known new mathematical models, taking into account huge number factors. However, complex models contain large unknown parameters, values which must be determined using limited observations, e.g., daily datasets accumulated cases. Successful experience in modeling COVID-19 has shown that it possible apply simplest SIR model, contains 4 parameters. Application original algorithm model parameter identification first waves China, South Korea, Austria, Italy, Germany, France, Spain its high accuracy predicting their duration diseases. To simulate different epidemic take incompleteness statistical data, generalized algorithms determining parameters were proposed. interference previous waves, changes testing levels, quarantine or social behavior constant monitoring performing simulations as often with user-friendly interface. Such tool will allow any data on diseases over period (e.g., 14 days). It predict cases country whole separate region, estimate carriers infection probability such carrier, well deaths. Results three wave Japan summer 2022 are presented discussed. predicted numbers agree results especially simulation based corresponding from July 3 16, 2022. A interface also ensure an opportunity compare countries/regions years order impact vaccination restrictions, behavior, etc. infections, death, mortality rates. As example, comparison 2020, 2021 presented. level vaccinations achieved did not save powerful wave. about ten times higher than 2021. Nevertheless, death per case ratio was much lower 2020.

Language: Английский

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Updates on Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children in Japan

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 41(11), P. e461 - e467

Published: July 18, 2022

This review provides updates on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children Japan by summarizing published data. By the end of March 2022, had experienced 6 waves COVID-19 outbreaks. Over this time, clinical features presented among have changed context predominant variants. Although pandemic affected terms medical, physical and psychosocial aspects, outcomes been favorable compared with those some European countries United States, which may be partly due to a lower incidence multisystem inflammatory syndromes obesity. The vaccine has available for children; however, vaccination rate 5–11 years age is than that older government’s lack an active approach specific population. Further action needed improve overall rates children.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Traffic Flow Characteristics, Emissions Production and Fuel Consumption at a Selected Intersection in Slovakia

Energies, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 2020 - 2020

Published: March 10, 2022

The surveyof traffic intensity is used to obtain information on the number of vehicles roads during day. Subsequently, it possible derive from this daily, weekly, and other road information. This survey represents basis for calculation annual average daily volume basic characteristics flow. COVID-19 pandemic has caused extensive economic social damage around world. These damages have also affected traffic. Changes in behavior mainly reduction networks. Thanks demand transport, there been a significant delays, fuel consumption emissions. An examination changes took place at selected intersection 2019, 2020 2021. paper describes effects reducing intensity, emissions obtained by microsimulation. results confirmed traffic, which contributed vehicle delays.

Language: Английский

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Lessons from the health policies for children during the pandemic in Japan

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 6, 2022

It is everyone's desire to seek the sound growth of children through food education and there a critical need for fostering an environment this purpose. Health policies are important support. To present, Japanese society has been greatly disrupted by COVID-19 pandemic. “Stay at home”, “mokusyoku (silent eating)”, mask wearing were encouraged in nationwide campaigns as public health measures combat COVID-19. There some papers reporting negative effects “stay home” lockdowns such weight gain, decrease physical activities change eating habits. In Japan, while benefits advantages during mealtime previously well studied, “mokusyoku” rule may directly run counter education. Moreover, several reports showing that nutrients might contribute prevention infectious diseases. also wear masks all day long. The results clinical research, especially randomized control trials, show limited protective effect masks. On other hand, outcomes reported various scenes. This review focuses on these topics arousing reconsideration better children.

Language: Английский

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Turkey's transition to face-to-face schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic

TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52(3), P. 529 - 540

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic majorly disrupted conventional schooling and many countries maintained educational services through distance education. duration of school closures in Turkey was longer than most OECD countries, thus prioritized reopenings the 2021-2022 academic year to mitigate possible negative outcomes closures. Here we study compatibility implications for with these practices assess first semester face-to-face schooling.We have used document analysis present compare international practices. We also a comparative approach coherence between policies suggestions.We find that vaccination rates teachers education staff are quite high Turkey. Other practices, mandatory face masks, class-based quarantine policies, agreement These steps supported frequent cleaning ventilation environments, as well social distancing measures schools.Consequently, rate daily closed classrooms has been kept below 1%, patterns openings general changes positive cases Turkish society. net decreased decline days hope insights will inform about contribute best schooling.

Language: Английский

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Time trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Nov. 23, 2022

Abstract Objective Given their unique COVID-19 pandemic experience, it is necessary to evaluate the mental health of youth beyond initial stages pandemic, in relation stringency social distancing measures. We aimed describe long-term trends emotional well-being and self-esteem among Japan during pandemic. Method Using serial cross-sectional data from April 2020 December 2021, we evaluated aged 6–17 years using self-report KINDL questionnaire, weighted represent age gender distributions Japanese population. then tested associations between policies, measured Oxford Stringency Index. Analyses were also stratified by group. Results The improved transiently 2020, followed a slight worsening trend into 2021. While stayed lower compared levels nearly 2 began improve late 12–17 year-olds had 6–11 throughout study period. Females than males May September/October 2020. More stringent measures associated with self-esteem, especially year-olds’ females’ well-being. Conclusion During older tended have younger youth. Younger female vulnerable

Language: Английский

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Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Behavioural Tendencies of Cats and Dogs in Japan

Animals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(13), P. 2217 - 2217

Published: July 6, 2023

Physical and mental effects stemming from COVID-19 have impacted not only people’s lives but also the of their pets, which in recent years are often seen as members family. This study aimed to explore impact pandemic Japan on pets owners. Participants reported changes physical activity health, well working conditions frequency interaction with before after behavioural restrictions due pandemic. We asked about pets’ behaviours using Feline Behavioural Assessment Research Questionnaire (Fe-BARQ) Canine (C-BARQ). showed that most cat dog owners spent more time at home contact increased. However, this higher stress-related (e.g., cats: excessive grooming; dogs: aggression towards owners) among whose increased interaction. Furthermore, owners’ low health was correlated high touch sensitivity) pets. The results indicate lockdown caused by may affected between consequently behaviours. Therefore, there is concern lifestyle patterns pandemics could form a negative feedback loop status both

Language: Английский

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