Big picture thinking of global PM2.5-related COPD: spatiotemporal trend, driving force, minimal burden and economic loss

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 488, P. 137321 - 137321

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Analysis of Pediatric Acute Upper Airway Pathology During Local Wildfires and Increased PM 2.5 Burden

Otolaryngology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

Abstract Objective As wildfires worldwide increase in severity and frequency, fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), generated as a component of wildfire smoke, increasingly impacts air quality. Children are particularly vulnerable to poor quality numerous ways, including inhalation more proportion their body size than adults. Though its adverse on the lower airway well demonstrated, clinical effects PM 2.5 pediatric upper poorly understood warrant investigation. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Tertiary academic medical center. Methods From 2014 2023, patient presentations emergency department Northern California during exposure periods elevated burden associated with nearby were identified. Patient diagnoses, presenting symptoms, management analyzed. Comparison group patients evaluated date‐matched control confirmed normal Chi‐squared analyses determined significance. Results During increased wildfire‐generated burden, significantly greater presented pathology compared matched healthy Further, diagnosed croup wildfires. Of pathology, experienced dysphonia had negative strep test. Conclusion Wildfire‐generated may contribute rates presentations, disproportionately affect larynx airway. Larger population‐based studies preclinical models clarify these manifestations growing public health threat.

Language: Английский

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Fine Particulate Matter From 2020 California Wildfires and Mental Health–Related Emergency Department Visits

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. e253326 - e253326

Published: April 4, 2025

Importance A growing body of research suggests that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ; particle size microns or smaller) may be associated with mental health outcomes. However, the potential impact wildfire-specific PM on remains underexplored. Objective To investigate whether emergency department (ED) visits for conditions, including all-cause and psychoactive substance use, nonmood psychotic disorders, anxiety, depression, other mood-affective disorders during extensive 2020 California wildfire season. Design, Setting, Participants This cross-sectional study used data ED from July December obtained Department Health Care Access Information (HCAI). Eligible participants were residents who presented an in conditions without COVID-19. The analyzed between 2020. Exposure Wildfire-specific (with up 7-day lags) based participants’ residential zip codes. Main Outcomes Measures Daily visit counts disease-specific (F00-F99) identified using International Statistical Classification Diseases Related Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes at code tabulation areas. Results Between 2020, there 86 609 (median [IQR] patient age, 38 [27-54] years; 40 272 female [46.5%]; 10 657 Black [12.3%], 30 044 Hispanic [34.7%], 35 145 White [40.6%]). Visits included use (23 966 [27.6%]), (16 714 [19.3%]), anxiety (26 711 [30.8%]), depression (10 422 [12.0%]), (5338 [6.2%]). During peak months, median (IQR) daily concentration increased 11.9 (3.9-32.5) μg/m 3 . 10-μg/m increase was higher (cumulative relative risk [cRR] over lag 0-7 days, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.12), (cRR 1.15; 1.02-1.30), 1.29; 1.09-1.54), 0-4 1.06; 1.00-1.12). Subgroup analyses suggested smoke disproportionately among individuals (eg, depression: cRR 1.17; 1.03-1.32) young people (other disorders: 1.46; 1.08-1.98). Effect modification by race found, non-Hispanic having 0-5 2.35; 1.56-3.53) 1.30; 1.06-1.59). Conclusions Relevance Wildfire significantly odds subsequent this study, varying times different subconditions demographic groups.

Language: Английский

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Pervasive racial and ethnic disparities in the U.S. petrochemical workforce

Ecological Economics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 235, P. 108623 - 108623

Published: April 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Reducing Air Pollution and CV Disparities by Greenification in Urban Environments– A Path Forward

Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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PM _2.5 exposure disparities persist despite strict vehicle emissions controls in California

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(37)

Published: Sept. 11, 2024

As policymakers increasingly focus on environmental justice, a key question is whether emissions reductions aimed at addressing air quality or climate change can also ameliorate persistent pollution exposure disparities. We examine evidence from California’s aggressive vehicle control policy 2000 to 2019. find 65% reduction in modeled statewide average PM 2.5 on-road vehicles, yet for people of color and overburdened community residents, relative disparities increased. Light-duty are the main driver disparity, although smaller contributions heavy-duty vehicles especially affect some groups. Our findings suggest that continued trend will likely reduce concentrations absolute disparity but may not without greater attention systemic factors leading this disparity.

Language: Английский

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High‐Performance Composite Membranes: Embedding Yttria‐Stabilized Zirconia in Polyphenylene Sulfide Fabric for Enhanced Alkaline Water Electrolysis Efficiency

Small, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Abstract Due to their excellent alkali resistance and chemical stability, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fabric membranes are widely used in alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) for hydrogen production. However, traditional PPS suffer from poor hydrophilicity, low airtightness, high area resistance, resulting energy consumption reduced safety industrial applications. This study addresses the aforementioned issues by coupling 3‐(2,3‐epoxy propoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane (KH560) via self‐condensation membrane blending it with self‐synthesized yttrium‐stabilized zirconia nanoparticles (YSZNPs). The YSZNPs loaded onto modified fiber surface through dip‐coating hot‐pressing processes, forming a micro‐mechanical interlocking structure that enhances overall performance of practical production findings indicate developed composite demonstrate outstanding minimal (0.21 Ω cm 2 ), elevated bubble point pressure (2.93224 bar). Significantly, tests on gas purity produced oxygen attain purities 99.90% 99.75%, respectively, when evaluated at current density 1.5 A −2 . Moreover, after 500 h testing simulated environment, decline is observed, highlighting competitive edge this AWE market.

Language: Английский

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U.S. ambient air monitoring network has inadequate coverage under new PM2.5 standard

Published: July 24, 2024

The Clean Air Act (CAA) in the United States relies heavily on regulatory monitoring networks, yet sites are sparsely located, especially among historically disadvantaged communities. For ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), we compare air quality data with spatially complete concentrations derived from empirical models to quantify gaps of existing U.S. networks capturing concentration hotspots and exposure disparities. Recently, Environmental Protection agency adopted a more stringent annual-average standard for PM2.5 (9 µg/m3). Here, demonstrate that 44% urban areas exceeding this new – encompassing ~ 20 million people would remain undetected because current network. Crucially, find “uncaptured” hotspots, which contain 2.8 census tracts misclassified as attainment standard, have substantially higher percentages minority populations (i.e., color, communities, low-income populations) compared overall US population. To address these gaps, highlight 10 priority locations could reduce population uncaptured by 67%. Overall, our findings urgent need

Language: Английский

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PM2.5 exposure disparities persist despite strict vehicle emissions controls in California

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

As policymakers increasingly focus on environmental justice, a key question is whether emissions reductions aimed at addressing air quality or climate change can also ameliorate persistent pollution exposure disparities. We examine evidence from California’s aggressive vehicle control policy 2000-2019. find 65% reduction in modeled statewide average to PM2.5 on-road vehicles, yet for people of color and overburdened community residents, relative disparities increased. Light-duty are the main driver disparity, although smaller contributions heavy-duty vehicles especially impact some groups. Our findings suggest that continued trend will likely reduce concentrations absolute disparity but may not without greater attention systemic factors leading this disparity.

Language: Английский

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U.S. Ambient Air Monitoring Network Has Inadequate Coverage under New PM_2.5 Standard

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 1220 - 1226

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

The Clean Air Act (CAA) in the United States relies heavily on regulatory monitoring networks, yet sites are sparsely located, especially among historically disadvantaged communities. For ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), we compare air quality data with spatially complete concentrations derived from empirical models to quantify gaps existing U.S. networks capturing concentration hotspots and exposure disparities. Recently, Environmental Protection Agency adopted a more stringent annual-average standard for PM2.5 (9 μg/m3). Here, demonstrate that 44% of urban areas exceeding this new standard─encompassing ∼20 million people─would remain undetected because current network. Crucially, find "uncaptured" hotspots, which contain 2.8 people census tracts misclassified as attainment standard, have substantially higher percentages minority populations (i.e., color, communities, low-income populations) compared overall population. To address these gaps, highlight 10 priority locations could reduce population uncaptured by 67%. Overall, our findings urgent need

Language: Английский

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