PLoS Biology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
18(1), P. e3000604 - e3000604
Published: Jan. 14, 2020
Schizophrenia
is
a
severe
mental
disorder
with
an
unclear
pathophysiology.
Increased
expression
of
the
immune
gene
C4
has
been
linked
to
greater
risk
developing
schizophrenia;
however,
it
not
known
whether
plays
causative
role
in
this
brain
disorder.
Using
confocal
imaging
and
whole-cell
electrophysiology,
we
demonstrate
that
overexpression
mouse
prefrontal
cortex
neurons
leads
perturbations
dendritic
spine
development
hypoconnectivity,
which
mirror
neuropathologies
found
schizophrenia
patients.
We
find
evidence
microglia-mediated
synaptic
engulfment
enhanced
increased
C4.
also
show
C4-dependent
circuit
dysfunction
frontal
decreased
social
interactions
juvenile
adult
mice.
These
results
schizophrenia-associated
causes
aberrant
wiring
deficits
behavior,
suggesting
altered
contributes
directly
pathogenesis.
Materials Science and Engineering R Reports,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
140, P. 100543 - 100543
Published: Feb. 18, 2020
3D
printing
alias
additive
manufacturing
can
transform
virtual
models
created
by
computer-aided
design
(CAD)
into
physical
objects
in
a
layer-by-layer
manner
dispensing
with
conventional
molding
or
machining.
Since
the
incipiency,
significant
advancements
have
been
achieved
understanding
process
of
and
relationship
component,
structure,
property
application
objects.
Because
hydrogels
are
one
most
feasible
classes
ink
materials
for
this
field
has
rapidly
advancing,
Review
focuses
on
hydrogel
designs
development
advanced
hydrogel-based
biomaterial
inks
bioinks
printing.
It
covers
techniques
including
laser
(stereolithography,
two-photon
polymerization),
extrusion
(3D
plotting,
direct
writing),
inkjet
printing,
bioprinting,
4D
bioprinting.
provides
comprehensive
overview
discussion
tailorability
material,
mechanical,
physical,
chemical
biological
properties
to
enable
The
range
hydrogel-forming
polymers
covered
encompasses
biopolymers,
synthetic
polymers,
polymer
blends,
nanocomposites,
functional
cell-laden
systems.
representative
biomedical
applications
selected
demonstrate
how
is
being
exploited
tissue
engineering,
regenerative
medicine,
cancer
research,
vitro
disease
modeling,
high-throughput
drug
screening,
surgical
preparation,
soft
robotics
flexible
wearable
electronics.
Incomparable
thermoplastics,
thermosets,
ceramics
metals,
playing
pivotal
role
creation
(bio)systems
customizable
way.
An
outlook
future
directions
presented.
Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
371(6528)
Published: Jan. 28, 2021
Identifying
transcript
location
in
cells
where
specific
RNAs
occur
within
a
cell
or
tissue
has
been
limited
by
technology
and
imaging
capabilities.
Expansion
microscopy
allowed
for
better
visualization
of
small
structures
expanding
the
tissues
with
polymer-
hydrogel-based
system.
Alon
et
al.
combined
expansion
long-read
situ
RNA
sequencing,
resulting
more
precise
transcripts.
This
method,
termed
“ExSeq”
was
used
to
detect
RNAs,
both
new
transcripts
those
previously
demonstrated
localize
neuronal
dendrites.
Unlike
other
sequencing
methods,
ExSeq
does
not
target
sets
genes.
thus
unites
spatial
resolution,
multiplexing,
an
unbiased
approach
reveal
insights
into
localization
its
physiological
roles
developing
active
tissue.
Science
,
this
issue
p.
eaax2656
Annual Review of Biophysics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
51(1), P. 301 - 326
Published: Feb. 4, 2022
Super-resolution
microscopy
techniques,
and
specifically
single-molecule
localization
(SMLM),
are
approaching
nanometer
resolution
inside
cells
thus
have
great
potential
to
complement
structural
biology
techniques
such
as
electron
for
cell
biology.
In
this
review,
we
introduce
the
different
flavors
of
super-resolution
microscopy,
with
a
special
emphasis
on
SMLM
MINFLUX
(minimal
photon
flux).
We
summarize
recent
technical
developments
that
pushed
these
localization-based
scales
review
experimental
conditions
key
obtaining
data
highest
quality.
Furthermore,
give
an
overview
analysis
methods
highlight
studies
used
gain
insights
into
biologically
relevant
molecular
machines.
Ultimately,
our
perspective
what
is
needed
push
even
further
apply
them
investigating
dynamic
rearrangements
in
living
cells.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: July 7, 2020
Abstract
Expansion
microscopy
(ExM)
enables
super-resolution
fluorescence
imaging
of
physically
expanded
biological
samples
with
conventional
microscopes.
By
combining
ExM
single-molecule
localization
(SMLM)
it
is
potentially
possible
to
approach
the
resolution
electron
microscopy.
However,
current
attempts
combine
both
methods
remained
challenging
because
protein
and
fluorophore
loss
during
digestion
or
denaturation,
gelation,
incompatibility
polyelectrolyte
hydrogels
photoswitching
buffers.
Here
we
show
that
re-embedding
d
STORM
demonstrate
post-labeling
resolves
limitations
Using
microtubules
as
a
reference
structure
centrioles,
Ex-SMLM
preserves
ultrastructural
details,
improves
labeling
efficiency
reduces
positional
error
arising
from
linking
fluorophores
into
gel
thus
paving
way
for
immunolabeled
endogenous
proteins
true
molecular
resolution.
Journal of Cell Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
133(11)
Published: June 1, 2020
ABSTRACT
Fluorescence
microscopy
has
become
a
ubiquitous
method
to
observe
the
location
of
specific
molecular
components
within
cells.
However,
resolution
light
is
limited
by
laws
diffraction
few
hundred
nanometers,
blurring
most
cellular
details.
Over
last
two
decades,
several
techniques
–
grouped
under
‘super-resolution
microscopy’
moniker
have
been
designed
bypass
this
limitation,
revealing
organization
down
nanoscale.
The
number
and
variety
these
steadily
increased,
point
that
it
difficult
for
cell
biologists
seasoned
microscopists
alike
identify
technique
best
suited
their
needs.
Available
include
image
processing
strategies
generate
super-resolved
images,
optical
imaging
schemes
overcome
limit
sample
manipulations
expand
size
biological
sample.
In
Cell
Science
at
Glance
article
accompanying
poster,
we
provide
key
pointers
help
users
navigate
through
various
super-resolution
methods
briefly
summarizing
principles
behind
each
technique,
highlighting
both
critical
strengths
weaknesses,
as
well
providing
example
images.