Molecular Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
28(4), P. 1611 - 1621
Published: March 13, 2023
Abstract
Clinical
and
animal
studies
have
shown
that
gut
microbiome
disturbances
can
affect
neural
function
behaviors
via
the
microbiota–gut–brain
axis,
may
be
implicated
in
pathogenesis
of
several
brain
diseases.
However,
exactly
how
modulates
nervous
system
activity
remains
obscure.
Here,
using
a
single-cell
nucleus
sequencing
approach,
we
sought
to
characterize
cell
type–specific
transcriptomic
changes
prefrontal
cortex
hippocampus
derived
from
germ-free
(GF),
specific
pathogen
free,
colonized-GF
mice.
We
found
absence
microbiota
resulted
cell-specific
changes.
Furthermore,
microglia
transcriptomes
were
preferentially
influenced,
which
could
effectively
reversed
by
microbial
colonization.
Significantly,
modulated
mutual
transformation
microglial
subpopulations
two
regions.
Cross-species
analysis
showed
transcriptome
these
mainly
associated
with
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD),
further
supported
behavioral
tests.
Our
findings
demonstrate
modulate
subtypes,
lead
new
insights
into
AD
MDD.
Stroke,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
54(6)
Published: April 3, 2023
Preservation
of
brain
health
has
emerged
as
a
leading
public
priority
for
the
aging
world
population.
Advances
in
neurovascular
biology
have
revealed
an
intricate
relationship
among
cells,
meninges,
and
hematic
lymphatic
vasculature
(the
neurovasculome)
that
is
highly
relevant
to
maintenance
cognitive
function.
In
this
scientific
statement,
multidisciplinary
team
experts
examines
these
advances,
assesses
their
relevance
disease,
identifies
knowledge
gaps,
provides
future
directions.
Glia,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
70(8), P. 1467 - 1483
Published: May 10, 2022
Abstract
Brain
circuits
undergo
substantial
structural
changes
during
development,
driven
by
the
formation,
stabilization,
and
elimination
of
synapses.
Synaptic
connections
continue
to
experience‐dependent
rearrangements
throughout
life,
which
are
postulated
underlie
learning
memory.
Astrocytes,
a
major
glial
cell
type
in
brain,
physically
contact
with
synaptic
through
their
ensheathment
Astrocytes
strongly
contribute
remodeling
structures
healthy
diseased
central
nervous
systems
regulating
connectivity
behaviors.
However,
whether
plasticity
astrocytes
is
involved
critical
functions
at
synapse
unknown.
This
review
will
discuss
emerging
evidence
linking
astrocytic
circuit
regulation
Moreover,
we
survey
possible
molecular
cellular
mechanisms
non‐cell‐autonomous
effects
on
neuronal
plasticity.
Finally,
how
astrocyte
morphological
different
physiological
states
disease
conditions
function
dysfunction.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(5), P. 423 - 423
Published: Feb. 28, 2024
The
involvement
of
central
and
peripheral
inflammation
in
the
pathogenesis
prognosis
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
has
been
demonstrated.
increase
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
(interleukin
(IL)-1β,
IL-6,
IL-18,
TNF-α)
individuals
with
depression
may
elicit
neuroinflammatory
processes
inflammation,
mechanisms
that,
turn,
can
contribute
to
gut
microbiota
dysbiosis.
Together,
neuroinflammation
dysbiosis
induce
alterations
tryptophan
metabolism,
culminating
decreased
serotonin
synthesis,
impairments
neuroplasticity-related
mechanisms,
glutamate-mediated
excitotoxicity.
This
review
aims
highlight
inflammatory
(neuroinflammation,
dysbiosis)
involved
pathophysiology
MDD
explore
novel
anti-inflammatory
therapeutic
approaches
for
this
psychiatric
disturbance.
Several
lines
evidence
have
indicated
that
addition
antidepressants,
physical
exercise,
probiotics,
nutraceuticals
(agmatine,
ascorbic
acid,
vitamin
D)
possess
effects
their
antidepressant
properties.
Further
studies
are
necessary
benefits
these
alternative
therapies
MDD.
Molecular Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
28(4), P. 1611 - 1621
Published: March 13, 2023
Abstract
Clinical
and
animal
studies
have
shown
that
gut
microbiome
disturbances
can
affect
neural
function
behaviors
via
the
microbiota–gut–brain
axis,
may
be
implicated
in
pathogenesis
of
several
brain
diseases.
However,
exactly
how
modulates
nervous
system
activity
remains
obscure.
Here,
using
a
single-cell
nucleus
sequencing
approach,
we
sought
to
characterize
cell
type–specific
transcriptomic
changes
prefrontal
cortex
hippocampus
derived
from
germ-free
(GF),
specific
pathogen
free,
colonized-GF
mice.
We
found
absence
microbiota
resulted
cell-specific
changes.
Furthermore,
microglia
transcriptomes
were
preferentially
influenced,
which
could
effectively
reversed
by
microbial
colonization.
Significantly,
modulated
mutual
transformation
microglial
subpopulations
two
regions.
Cross-species
analysis
showed
transcriptome
these
mainly
associated
with
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD),
further
supported
behavioral
tests.
Our
findings
demonstrate
modulate
subtypes,
lead
new
insights
into
AD
MDD.
