bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 25, 2024
Abstract
To
obtain
a
comprehensive,
unbiased
view
of
molecular
changes
in
the
brain
that
may
underpin
need
for
sleep,
we
have
characterized
transcriptomes
single
cells
isolated
from
rested
and
sleep-deprived
flies.
Transcripts
upregulated
after
sleep
deprivation,
sleep-control
neurons
projecting
to
dorsal
fan-shaped
body
(dFBNs)
but
not
ubiquitously
brain,
encode
almost
exclusively
proteins
with
roles
mitochondrial
respiration
ATP
synthesis.
These
gene
expression
are
accompanied
by
fragmentation,
enhanced
mitophagy,
an
increase
number
contacts
between
mitochondria
endoplasmic
reticulum,
creating
conduits
replenishment
peroxidized
lipids.
The
morphological
reversible
recovery
blunted
installation
electron
overflow
respiratory
chain.
Inducing
or
preventing
fission
fusion
dFBNs
alters
electrical
properties
opposite
directions:
hyperfused
increase,
whereas
fragmented
decrease,
neuronal
excitability
sleep.
levels
rise
enforced
waking
because
diminished
consumption
during
arousal-mediated
inhibition
these
neurons,
which
predisposes
them
heightened
oxidative
stress.
Consistent
this
view,
uncoupling
flux
synthesis
relieves
pressure
while
exacerbating
mismatches
supply
demand
(by
powering
light-driven
proton
pump)
promotes
Sleep,
like
ageing,
be
inescapable
consequence
aerobic
metabolism.
SLEEP,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
Glia
are
increasingly
appreciated
as
serving
an
important
function
in
the
control
of
sleep
and
circadian
rhythms.
Glial
cells
Drosophila
mammals
regulate
daily
rhythms
locomotor
activity
well
homeostatic
rebound
following
deprivation.
In
addition,
they
contribute
to
proposed
functions
sleep,
with
different
mapping
varied
glial
subtypes.
Here,
we
discuss
recent
findings
rodent
models
establishing
a
role
glia
or
regulation
synaptic
plasticity,
brain
metabolism,
removal
cellular
debris
immune
challenges.
These
underscore
relevance
for
benefits
attributed
have
implications
understanding
neurobiological
mechanisms
underlying
associated
disorders.
Nature Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 21, 2025
Abstract
Homeostatic
processes,
including
sleep,
are
critical
for
brain
function.
Here
we
identify
astrocyte-like
glia
(or
astrocytes,
AL)
and
ensheathing
(EG),
the
two
major
classes
of
that
arborize
inside
brain,
as
brain-wide,
locally
acting
homeostats
short,
naturally
occurring
rest
sleep
bouts
Drosophila
,
show
a
subset
neurons
in
fan-shaped
body
encodes
feeding
homeostasis.
We
metabolic
gas
carbon
dioxide,
changes
pH
behavioral
activity
all
induce
long-lasting
calcium
responses
EG
AL,
levels
both
types
circadian
modulation.
The
homeostatic
dynamics
these
can
be
modeled
based
on
behavior.
Additionally,
local
optogenetic
activation
AL
or
is
sufficient
to
rest.
Together,
results
suggest
glial
controllers
activity,
thus
establishing
link
between
metabolism,
sleep.
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 31 - 38
Published: April 1, 2025
Abstract
This
chapter
broadly
discusses
current
and
new
advanced
methods
used
in
sleep
circadian
research
humans
animal
model
organisms
including
genetic
molecular
omic
(e.g.,
transcriptomic,
epigenomic,
proteomic,
metabolomic)
methods.
Omics
constitute
several
disciplines
within
the
biological
sciences,
which
collectively
aim
to
identify,
characterize,
quantify
molecules
involved
structure,
function,
dynamics
of
a
cell,
tissue,
or
organism.
These
methods,
when
separately
integrated
for
multi-omics,
comprehensive
approach
have
significant
utility
discover
biomarkers
ultimately
stimulate
countermeasure
development
personalized
medicine
applications
science.
In
future,
these
omics-derived
should
be
validated
with
diverse
clinical
populations
field
studies
misaligned
rhythms.
PubMed,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(4), P. e3003136 - e3003136
Published: April 1, 2025
How
animal
brains
evolve
to
support
ecological
specialization
is
poorly
understood.
A
recent
PLOS
Biology
study
reveals
that
glial
cells
show
the
most
dramatic
molecular
and
cellular
changes
in
of
fruit
flies
adapted
a
toxic
niche,
highlighting
their
underappreciated
role
brain
evolution.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(5), P. 1121 - 1121
Published: May 6, 2025
Stress
and
sleep
share
a
reciprocal
relationship,
where
chronic
stress
often
leads
to
disturbances
that
worsen
neurodegenerative
psychiatric
conditions.
Non-neuronal
cells,
particularly
astrocytes
microglia,
play
critical
roles
in
the
brain’s
response
regulation
of
sleep.
Astrocytes
influence
architecture
by
regulating
adenosine
signaling
glymphatic
clearance,
both
which
can
be
disrupted
stress,
leading
reduced
restorative
Microglia,
activated
under
conditions,
drive
neuroinflammatory
processes
further
impair
exacerbate
brain
dysfunction.
Additionally,
gut–brain
axis
mediates
interactions
between
sleep,
inflammation,
with
microbial
metabolites
influencing
neural
pathways.
Many
these
effects
converge
on
disruption
synaptic
processes,
such
as
neurotransmitter
balance,
plasticity,
pruning,
turn
contribute
pathophysiology
disorders.
This
review
explores
how
cellular
systemic
mechanisms
stress-induced
their
implications
for
disorders,
offering
insights
into
potential
therapeutic
strategies
targeting
non-neuronal
cells
axis.
Biosensors,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 189 - 189
Published: April 11, 2024
Single-cell
RNA
sequencing
is
a
high-throughput
novel
method
that
provides
transcriptional
profiling
of
individual
cells
within
biological
samples.
This
typically
uses
microfluidics
systems
to
uncover
the
complex
intercellular
communication
networks
and
pathways
buried
highly
heterogeneous
cell
populations
in
tissues.
One
important
application
this
technology
sits
fields
organ
stem
transplantation,
where
complications
such
as
graft
rejection
other
post-transplantation
life-threatening
issues
may
occur.
In
review,
we
first
focus
on
research
which
single-cell
used
study
profile
transplanted
enables
analysis
donor
recipient
identifies
types
states
associated
with
transplant
pathologies.
We
also
review
use
implantation.
studying
heterogeneity
normal
pathological
populations.
With
their
remarkably
rapid
pace,
methodologies
will
potentially
result
breakthroughs
clinical
transplantation
coming
years.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: July 7, 2022
Abstract
Sleep
is
critical
for
homeostatic
processes
in
the
brain,
including
metabolism
and
waste
removal.
Here,
we
identify
brain-wide,
locally
acting
sleep
homeostats
short,
naturally
occurring
bouts
of
Drosophila
two
major
classes
glia
that
arborize
inside
astrocytes
ensheathing
glia.
We
show
surround
respiratory
tracheal
tubes,
metabolic
gas
carbon
dioxide,
changes
pH,
or
behavioral
activity,
all
induce
long
lasting
calcium
responses,
circadian
modulations.
Glia
describe
homeostasis
behaving
flies
more
faithfully
than
previously
identified
circuits
central
complex,
but
a
subset
neurons
fan-shaped
body
important
feeding
homeostasis.
Local
optogenetic
activation
sufficient
to
sleep.
Together,
levels
can
be
modeled
as
controllers
thus
establishing
link
between
