Persistent representation of a prior schema in the orbitofrontal cortex facilitates learning of a conflicting schema DOI Creative Commons
Ido Maor,

James Atwell,

Ilana Ascher

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Schemas allow efficient behavior in new situations, but reliance on them can impair flexibility when demands conflict, culminating psychopathology. Evidence implicates the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) deploying schemas situations congruent with previously acquired knowledge. But how does this role affect learning of a conflicting behavioral schema? Here we addressed question by recording single-unit activity OFC rats odor problems identical external information orthogonal rules governing reward. Consistent schema formation, representations adapted to track underlying rules, and both performance encoding was faster subsequent than initial problems. Surprisingly however, rule reward changed, persistent representation prior correlated acquisition new. Thus, not source interference instead supported accurately independently representing old as acquired.

Language: Английский

Prediction, inference, and generalization in orbitofrontal cortex DOI Creative Commons

Fengjun Ma,

Huixin Lin,

Jingfeng Zhou

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(7), P. R266 - R272

Published: April 1, 2025

Our understanding of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has significantly evolved over past few decades. This prefrontal region been associated with a wide range cognitive functions, including popular view that it primarily signals expected value each possible option, allowing downstream areas to use these for decision-making. However, discovery rich, task-related information within OFC and its essential role in inference-based behaviors shifted our perspective led proposal holds map used by both humans animals making predictions inferences. Recent studies have further shown maps can be abstracted generalized, serving immediate future needs. In this review, we trace research journey leading evolving insights, discuss potential neural mechanisms supporting OFC's roles prediction, inference, generalization, compare hippocampus, another critical mapping, while also exploring interactions between two areas.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Temporal–orbitofrontal pathway regulates choices across physical reward and visual novelty DOI Creative Commons
Takaya Ogasawara, Kevin S. Xu, Abraham Z. Snyder

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 20, 2025

ABSTRACT Perceptually novel objects have profound impacts on our daily decisions. People often pay to try meals over familiar ones, or see visual scenes at art exhibits and travel destinations. This suggests that perceptual novelty the value of physical rewards, such as food, interact level neural circuits guide decisions, but where how is unknown. We designed a behavioral task study this novelty-reward interaction in animals uncover its underpinnings. Subjects chose among offers associated with different expectations juice rewards. Expectation increased preference for expected was reflected by activity anterior ventral temporal cortex (AVMTC) – region previously implicated detection prediction orbitofrontal (OFC) an area receives prominent AVMTC inputs known capacity signal subjective objects. Neural patterns suggested upstream OFC decision process. Chemogenetic disruption → circuit altered impact valuation reward. Hence, system interactions during decisions through direct projections OFC.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Pallidal prototypic neuron and astrocyte activities regulate flexible reward-seeking behaviors DOI Creative Commons
Shinwoo Kang, Minsu Abel Yang,

Aubrey Bennett

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Behavioral flexibility allows animals to adjust actions changing environments. While the basal ganglia are critical for adaptation, specific role of external globus pallidus (GPe) is unclear. This study examined contributions two major GPe cell types-prototypic neurons projecting subthalamic nucleus (Proto GPe→STN neurons) and astrocytes-to behavioral flexibility. Using longitudinal operant conditioning with context reversals, we found that Proto dynamically represent contextual information correlating optimality. In contrast, astrocytes exhibited gradual encoding independent performance. Deleting impaired adaptive responses action-outcome contingencies without altering initial reward-seeking acquisition, highlighting their in enabling Furthermore, discovered integrate inhibitory striatal excitatory inputs, modulating downstream circuits support flexible behavior. research elucidates complementary roles cellular mechanisms

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Persistent representation of a prior schema in the orbitofrontal cortex facilitates learning of a conflicting schema DOI Creative Commons
Ido Maor,

James Atwell,

Ilana Ascher

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Schemas allow efficient behavior in new situations, but reliance on them can impair flexibility when demands conflict, culminating psychopathology. Evidence implicates the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) deploying schemas situations congruent with previously acquired knowledge. But how does this role affect learning of a conflicting behavioral schema? Here we addressed question by recording single-unit activity OFC rats odor problems identical external information orthogonal rules governing reward. Consistent schema formation, representations adapted to track underlying rules, and both performance encoding was faster subsequent than initial problems. Surprisingly however, rule reward changed, persistent representation prior correlated acquisition new. Thus, not source interference instead supported accurately independently representing old as acquired.

Language: Английский

Citations

0