Mouse spontaneous behavior reflects individual variation rather than estrous state

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(7), P. 1358 - 1364.e4

Published: March 7, 2023

Behavior is shaped by both the internal state of an animal and its individual behavioral biases. Rhythmic variation in gonadal hormones during estrous cycle a defining feature female state, one that regulates many aspects sociosexual behavior. However, it remains unclear whether influences spontaneous behavior and, if so, how these effects might relate to variation. Here, we address this question longitudinally characterizing open-field mice across different phases cycle, using unsupervised machine learning decompose into constituent elements.

Language: Английский

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Keypoint-MoSeq: parsing behavior by linking point tracking to pose dynamics

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2023

Abstract Keypoint tracking algorithms have revolutionized the analysis of animal behavior, enabling investigators to flexibly quantify behavioral dynamics from conventional video recordings obtained in a wide variety settings. However, it remains unclear how parse continuous keypoint data into modules out which behavior is organized. This challenge particularly acute because susceptible high frequency jitter that clustering can mistake for transitions between modules. Here we present keypoint-MoSeq, machine learning-based platform identifying (“syllables”) without human supervision. Keypoint-MoSeq uses generative model distinguish noise effectively identify syllables whose boundaries correspond natural sub-second discontinuities inherent mouse behavior. outperforms commonly used alternative methods at these transitions, capturing correlations neural activity and classifying either solitary or social behaviors accordance with annotations. therefore renders grammar accessible many researchers who use standard capture

Language: Английский

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Polymer gels for aqueous metal batteries

Progress in Materials Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101426 - 101426

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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Thyroid hormone remodels cortex to coordinate body-wide metabolism and exploration

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(20), P. 5679 - 5697.e23

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Animals adapt to environmental conditions by modifying the function of their internal organs, including brain. To be adaptive, alterations in behavior must coordinated with functional state organs throughout body. Here, we find that thyroid hormone-a regulator metabolism many peripheral organs-directly activates cell-type-specific transcriptional programs frontal cortex adult male mice. These are enriched for axon-guidance genes glutamatergic projection neurons, synaptic regulatory both astrocytes and pro-myelination factors oligodendrocytes, suggesting widespread plasticity cortical circuits. Indeed, whole-cell electrophysiology revealed hormone alters excitatory inhibitory transmission, an effect requires hormone-induced gene presynaptic neurons. Furthermore, action regulates innate exploratory behaviors causally promotes decision-making. Thus, acts directly on cerebral males coordinate whole-body metabolic state.

Language: Английский

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High-Resolution Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation of the Mouse Cortex Induces Lateralized Motor Responses in Awake Mice

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Functional synaptic connectivity of engrafted spinal cord neurons with locomotor circuitry in the injured spinal cord

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 5, 2025

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in significant neurological deficits, with no currently available curative therapies. Neural progenitor cell (NPC) transplantation has emerged as a promising approach for neural repair, graft-derived neurons (GDNs) can integrate into the host spinal and support axon regeneration. However, mechanisms underlying functional recovery remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate synaptic integration of NPC-derived locomotor circuits, projection patterns distinct neuronal subtypes, their potential to modulate motor circuit activity. Using transsynaptic tracing mouse thoracic contusion SCI model, found that form connections albeit at low frequencies. Furthermore, mapped projections V0C V2a interneurons, revealing termination within laminae. To assess integration, employed chemogenetic activation GDNs, which induced muscle activity subset transplanted animals. NPC alone did not significantly improve recovery, highlighting key challenge field. Our findings suggest while GDNs circuits activity, connectivity remains limiting factor recovery. Future studies should focus on enhancing graft-host optimizing strategies maximize therapeutic benefits SCI.

Language: Английский

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TweetyBERT: Automated parsing of birdsong through self-supervised machine learning.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Deep neural networks can be trained to parse animal vocalizations - serving identify the units of communication, and annotating sequences for subsequent statistical analysis. However, current methods rely on human labelled data training. The challenge parsing in a fully unsupervised manner remains an open problem. Addressing this challenge, we introduce TweetyBERT, self-supervised transformer network developed analysis birdsong. model is predict masked or hidden fragments audio, but not exposed supervision labels. Applied canary song, TweetyBERT autonomously learns behavioral song such as notes, syllables, phrases capturing intricate acoustic temporal patterns. This approach developing models specifically tailored communication will significantly accelerate unlabeled vocal data.

Language: Английский

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MoSeq based 3D behavioral profiling uncovers neuropathic behavior changes in diabetic mouse model

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 29, 2025

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes, significantly impairing quality life through chronic pain, sensory deficits, motor dysfunction. Despite its widespread impact, current rodent behavioral assessments using 2D tracking methods primarily quantify basic locomotion, such as distance speed, but lack resolution to detect subtle, pattern-based impairments characteristic DN. This study employed MoSeq-based 3D profiling combined with unsupervised machine learning identify subtle yet significant alterations in nicotinamide (NA)- streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN mouse models. Our analysis identified 22 distinct syllables, mice exhibiting increased stress-associated behaviors head weaving, wall jumping, nasal hesitancy, while displaying decreased locomotor activities including walking rearing. These were accompanied by heightened mechanical sensitivity indicative neuropathic pain more predictable, less exploratory transition pattern, suggesting restricted repertoire rather than improved coordination. Additionally, enabled detailed movement organization temporal transitions, highlighting stereotyped sequences notably mice. patterns indicate that DN-associated strongly related adaptability higher-order planning simple reductions movement, underlying dysfunctions sensorimotor or cognitive control circuits. findings MoSeq can be used valuable tool for high-resolution quantification diabetic animal model, enabling refined evaluation phenotypes therapeutic efficacy preclinical studies.

Language: Английский

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Spinal neuron diversity scales exponentially with swim-to-limb transformation during frog metamorphosis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 21, 2024

Vertebrates exhibit a wide range of motor behaviors, ranging from swimming to complex limb-based movements. Here we take advantage frog metamorphosis, which captures swim-to-limb-based movement transformation during the development single organism, explore changes in underlying spinal circuits. We find that tadpole cord contains small and largely homogeneous populations neurons (MNs) V1 interneurons (V1s) at early escape stages. These neuronal only modestly increase number subtype heterogeneity with emergence free swimming. In contrast, metamorphosis limb movement, there is dramatic expansion MN interneuron transcriptional heterogeneity, culminating cohorts striking molecular similarity mammalian CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene disruption determinants FoxP1 Engrailed-1, respectively, results severe but selective deficits tail function. Our work thus demonstrates neural diversity scales exponentially increasing behavioral complexity illustrates evolutionary conservation organization function circuits across species.

Language: Английский

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Hunger modulates exploration through suppression of dopamine signaling in the tail of striatum

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 11, 2024

Summary Caloric depletion leads to behavioral changes that help an animal find food and restore its homeostatic balance. Hunger increases exploration risk-taking behavior, allowing forage for despite risks; however, the neural circuitry underlying this change is unknown. Here, we characterize how hunger restructures animal’s spontaneous behavior as well directed of a novel object. We show hunger-induced in are accompanied by result from modulation dopamine signaling tail striatum (TOS). Dopamine TOS modulated internal state through activity agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons, putative “hunger neurons” arcuate nucleus hypothalamus. These AgRP neurons poly-synaptically connected TOS-projecting dopaminergic lateral hypothalamus, central amygdala, periaqueductal grey. thus delineate hypothalamic-midbrain circuit coordinates hungry state.

Language: Английский

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