The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(8)

Published: May 9, 2024

Abstract Aim Tidal marsh ecosystems are heavily impacted by human activities, highlighting a pressing need to address gaps in our knowledge of their distribution. To better understand the global distribution and changes tidal extent, identify opportunities for conservation restoration, it is critical develop spatial base occurrence. Here, we globally consistent map year 2020 at 10‐m resolution. Location Global. Time period 2020. Major taxa studied marshes. Methods location world's marshes resolution, applied random forest classification model Earth observation data from We trained with reference dataset developed support mapping coastal ecosystems, predicted between 60° N S. validated using standard accuracy assessment methods, final having an overall score 0.85. Results estimate extent be 52,880 km 2 (95% CI: 32,030 59,780 ) distributed across 120 countries territories. centred temperate Arctic regions, nearly half occurring Northern Atlantic (45%) region. At national scale, over third (18,510 ; 11,200–20,900) occurs within USA. Main conclusions Our analysis provides most detailed on date shows that occur more greater proportion coastline than previous studies. fills major gap regarding baseline needed measuring estimating value terms ecosystem services.

Language: Английский

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Carbon and nitrogen stocks in sediment at Península Valdés Biosphere Reserve: novel insights into the potential contribution of large marine vertebrates to carbon sequestration

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Although policymakers and stakeholders are beginning to acknowledge the importance of marine biosphere in blue carbon services, role large vertebrates nitrogen cycle especially sequestration has not yet been fully understood. Large store only a small percentage total oceanic their bodies, but they can provide important lasting contributions flux. The Península Valdés Biosphere Reserve southwestern Argentina was partially established conserve these vertebrates, including South American sea lion ( Otaria flavescens ) southern right whale Eubalaena australis ). Three locations Peninsula were sampling for proximity vertebrate populations area presence salt marshes assess organic (OC) (TN) stocks top 1 m sediment. Our work provides first quantitative data on OC TN sequestered coastal sediments shows that this protected contributes significantly by storing relevant quantities (140 317 Mg ha -1 (7.3 22.9 Specifically, we found terrestrial plants main C sources each sediment core, non-negligible proportion (from 0.8 6.8% dry weight) showed an isotopic signal from usually inhabit area. Therefore, our results novel hypotheses about potential contribution as vector systems may serve basis further investigation into carbon.

Language: Английский

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Large-scale loss of Mediterranean coastal marshes under rising sea levels by 2100

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Soil carbon in the world’s tidal marshes

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Abstract Tidal marshes are threatened coastal ecosystems known for their capacity to store large amounts of carbon in water-logged soils. Accurate quantification and mapping global tidal soil organic (SOC) stocks is considerable value conservation efforts. Here, we used training data from 3710 unique locations, landscape-level environmental drivers a marsh extent map produce global, spatially explicit SOC storage at 30 m resolution. Here show the total stock 1 be 1.44 Pg C, with third this stored United States America. On average, marshes’ 0–30 30–100 cm layers estimated 83.1 Mg C ha −1 (average predicted error 44.8 ) 185.3 105.7 ), respectively.

Language: Английский

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Synergistic use of Sentinel-2 and UAV-derived data for plant fractional cover distribution mapping of coastal meadows with digital elevation models

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. 1411 - 1431

Published: March 19, 2024

Abstract. Coastal wetlands provide a range of ecosystem services, yet they are currently under threat from global change impacts. Thus, their monitoring and assessment is vital for evaluating status, extent distribution. Remote sensing provides an excellent tool coastal ecosystems, whether with small-scale studies using drones or national-/regional-/global-scale satellite-derived data. This study used fine-scale plant community classification meadows in Estonia derived multispectral camera on board unoccupied aerial vehicles (UAVs) to calculate the fractional cover (PFC) Sentinel-2 MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) sensor grids. A random forest (RF) algorithm was trained tested vegetation indices (VIs) calculated spectral bands extracted MSI predict PFC. Additional RF models were after adding digital elevation model (DEM). After comparing models, results show that DEM VIs can increase prediction accuracy PFC up 2 times (R2 58 %–70 %). suggests use ancillary data such as improve empirical machine learning providing appropriate approach upscale local wider areas management conservation purposes.

Language: Английский

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Advancing the understanding of coastal disturbances with a network‐of‐networks approach

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Coastal ecosystems are at the nexus of many high priority challenges in environmental sciences, including predicting influences compounding disturbances exacerbated by climate change on biogeochemical cycling. While research coastal science is fundamentally transdisciplinary—as drivers and ecological processes often span scientific domains—traditional place–based approaches still employed to understand ecosystems. We argue that a macrosystems perspective, integration across distributed sites, crucial how affect suggest grand challenge questions, such as advancing continental‐scale process understanding extreme events global change, will only be addressed using network‐of‐networks approach. identify specific ways existing efforts can maximize benefit multiple interested parties, where additional infrastructure investments might increase return‐on‐investment along coast, continental United States case study.

Language: Английский

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Modeling Soil Organic Carbon Distribution in Coastal Sabkhas: A Comparative Study of Three Plant Species

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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BlueCarbon: Estimation of Organic Carbon Stocks and Sequestration Rates from Soil Core Data

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Blue Carbon Stocks Along the Pacific Coast of North America Are Mainly Driven by Local Rather Than Regional Factors

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Coastal wetlands, including seagrass meadows, emergent marshes, mangroves, and temperate tidal swamps, can efficiently sequester store large quantities of sediment organic carbon (SOC). However, SOC stocks may vary by ecosystem type along environmental or climate gradients at different scales. Quantifying such variability is needed to improve blue accounting, conservation effectiveness, restoration planning. We analyzed in 1,284 cores >6,500 km the Pacific coast North America that included multiple types. Tidal wetlands with woody vegetation (mangroves swamps) had highest mean 1 m depth (357 355 Mg ha −1 , respectively), 45% higher than marshes (245 ), more 500% (68 ). Unvegetated tideflats, though not often considered a ecosystem, noteworthy (148 Stocks increased elevation fine (<63 μm) content several ecosystems. also varied dominant plant species within individual At larger scales, marsh were lowest Sonoran Desert region Mexico, swamp differed among zones; otherwise showed little correlation ecoregion latitude. More occurred types, smaller spatial scales (such as estuaries), across regional gradients. These patterns inform coastal priorities where preserving stored enhancing sequestration helps avert greenhouse gas emissions maintains other vital services.

Language: Английский

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Soil organic carbon stocks and stabilization mechanisms in tidal marshes along estuarine gradients

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 456, P. 117274 - 117274

Published: March 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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