Metabolomic and Lipidomic Biomarkers for Premalignant Liver Disease Diagnosis and Therapy

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 50 - 50

Published: Jan. 28, 2020

In recent years, there has been a plethora of attempts to discover biomarkers that are more reliable than α-fetoprotein for the early prediction and prognosis hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Efforts have involved such fields as genomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics, microRNA, exosomes, proteomics, glycoproteomics, metabolomics. HCC arises against background inflammation, steatosis, cirrhosis, due mainly hepatic insults caused by alcohol abuse, hepatitis B C virus infection, adiposity, diabetes. Metabolomics offers an opportunity, without recourse liver biopsy, premalignant disease, thereby alerting potential impending HCC. We reviewed metabolomic studies in alcoholic disease (ALD), cholestasis, fibrosis, nonalcoholic fatty (NAFL), steatohepatitis (NASH). Specificity was our major criterion proposing clinical evaluation indole-3-lactic acid, phenyllactic N-lauroylglycine, decatrienoate, N-acetyltaurine ALD, urinary sulfated bile acids cervonoyl ethanolamide 16α-hydroxyestrone pattern acyl carnitines NAFL NASH. These examples derive from large body published observations various diseases adults, adolescents, children, together with animal models. Many other options tabulated. Metabolomic may help reduce incidence

Language: Английский

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Current Trends of Essential Trace Elements in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 2084 - 2084

Published: July 14, 2020

Essential trace elements play crucial roles in the maintenance of health, since they are involved many metabolic pathways. A deficiency or an excess some elements, including zinc, selenium, iron, and copper, frequently causes these disorders such as impaired glucose tolerance dyslipidemia. The liver largely regulates most metabolism accordingly, impairment functions can result numerous disorders. administration depletion improve dysfunction. Recent advances molecular biological techniques have helped to elucidate putative mechanisms by which evoke abnormalities that due deficiencies excesses elements. genome-wide association study revealed a genetic polymorphism affected specific element. Gut dysbiosis was also responsible for This review focuses on current trends four chronic diseases, hepatitis, cirrhosis, nonalcoholic fatty disease, autoimmune diseases. novel participated pathogenesis diseases mentioned.

Language: Английский

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Specific Gut and Salivary Microbiota Patterns Are Linked With Different Cognitive Testing Strategies in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy

The American Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 114(7), P. 1080 - 1090

Published: Jan. 30, 2019

OBJECTIVES: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is epidemic in cirrhosis, but testing strategies often have poor concordance. Altered gut/salivary microbiota occur cirrhosis and could be related to MHE. Our aim was determine microbial signatures of individual cognitive tests define the role diagnosis METHODS: Outpatients with underwent stool collection MHE psychometric score (PHES), inhibitory control test, EncephalApp Stroop. A subset provided saliva samples. diagnosis/concordance between compared. Stool/salivary were analyzed using 16srRNA sequencing. Microbial profiles compared patients with/without on tests. Logistic regression used evaluate clinical predictors diagnosis. RESULTS: Two hundred forty-seven (123 prior overt HE, MELD 13) PHES testing; 175 test 125 Stroop testing. One twelve also Depending modality, 59%–82% had Intertest Kappa for 0.15–0.35. Stool salivary different from those without Individual associated specific modalities. However, relative abundance Lactobacillaceae samples higher MHE, regardless modality used, whereas autochthonous Lachnospiraceae especially PHES. On logistic regression, genera ( Ruminococcus Clostridium XIVb ) good cognition independent variables. DISCUSSION: Specific exist The presence taxa function potentially circumvent

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota Signature of Obese Adults Across Different Classifications

Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: Volume 15, P. 3933 - 3947

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Purpose: Obesity is currently a major global public health issue. It has been shown by many that gut microbiota and microbial factors regulate the pathogenesis of obesity metabolic abnormalities, but little known about their roles in different degrees obesity. Here, we sought to investigate signatures various severities. Patients Methods: We did this characterizing intestinal microbiome signature Chinese cohort obese patients healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. To end, was sub-divided into four subgroups, including “Overweight”, Class I, II, III obesity, based on body mass index (BMI). Results: Microbial diversity decreased subjects, reduction trend correlated with severity detected an expansion Escherichia shigella compared controls. The family Eubacterium coprostanoligenes Tannerellaceae, genera coprostanoligenes, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136, Parabacteroides , Akkermansia species Prevotella copri were biomarkers people. Gammaproteobacteria Enterobacterales being “Overweight”. Erysipelatoclostridiaceae biomarker I class Bacilli order Lactobacillales both II Negativicutes further established relationships between data other biochemical data, albumin, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density (HDL), vitamin folic acid (FA) B12 (VB12), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Function prediction results showed marked energy metabolism dysbiosis especially Conclusion: These suggested people levels had distinct signatures. Decreased diversity, depletion some specific taxa, deviation potential functions mirrored cohort. Keywords: index, degree fecal microbiota, sequencing

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal multi-omics analyses of the gut–liver axis reveals metabolic dysregulation in hepatitis C infection and cirrhosis

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 12 - 27

Published: Dec. 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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