Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Physical oceanography

Elementa Science of the Anthropocene, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Arctic Ocean properties and processes are highly relevant to the regional global coupled climate system, yet still scarcely observed, especially in winter. Team OCEAN conducted a full year of physical oceanography observations as part Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for Study Climate (MOSAiC), drift with sea ice from October 2019 September 2020. An international team designed implemented program characterize system unprecedented detail, seafloor air-sea ice-ocean interface, sub-mesoscales pan-Arctic. The oceanographic measurements were coordinated other teams explore ocean physics linkages ecosystem. This paper introduces major components complements overviews MOSAiC observational program. OCEAN’s sampling strategy was around hydrographic ship-, ice- autonomous platform-based improve understanding circulation mixing processes. Measurements carried out both routinely, regular schedule, response storms or opening leads. Here we present along-drift time series properties, allowing insights into seasonal evolution water column winter Laptev Sea early summer Fram Strait: freshening surface, deepening mixed layer, increase temperature salinity Atlantic Water. We also highlight presence Canada Basin deep intrusions surface meltwater layer most likely comprehensive ever over ice-covered Ocean. While data analysis interpretation ongoing, acquired datasets will support wide range multi-disciplinary research. They provide significant foundation assessing advancing modeling capabilities

Language: Английский

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The interaction between thermokarst lake drainage and ground subsidence accelerates permafrost degradation

Advances in Climate Change Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Dissolved Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn in the Arctic Ocean

Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 126(9)

Published: Aug. 27, 2021

Abstract During the Polarstern (PS94) expedition, summer 2015, part of international GEOTRACES program, sources and sinks dissolved (D) Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn were studied in central Arctic Ocean. In Polar Surface Water which TransPolar Drift (TPD) is situated, salinity δ 18 O derived fractions indicated a distinct riverine source for silicate DCo, DCu, DFe, DMn, DNi. Linear relationships between DMn meteoric fraction depended on distance, likely due to Mn‐precipitation during transport. upper 50 m Makarov Basin, outside TPD core, DNi, DCd, DCu enriched by Pacific waters, whereas DFe seemed diluted. DZn relatively high Barents Sea led enrichment Atlantic water flowing into Nansen Basin. Deep concentrations all metals significantly lower Basin compared Amundsen, Eurasian, Basins. The Gakkel ridge hydrothermal input higher continental slope convection are explanations metal Eurasian Although scavenging rates Basins, residence time longer therefore can decrease with time. This study provides baseline assess future change, additionally identifies processes driving trace distributions. Our results underline importance fluvial as well shelf internal cycling, notably scavenging, distribution bio‐active

Language: Английский

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The Eurasian Arctic Ocean along the MOSAiC drift in 2019–2020: An interdisciplinary perspective on physical properties and processes

Elementa Science of the Anthropocene, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC, 2019–2020), a year-long drift with sea ice, has provided scientific community an unprecedented, multidisciplinary dataset from Eurasian Ocean, covering high atmosphere to deep ocean across all seasons. However, heterogeneity data and superposition spatial temporal variability, intrinsic campaign, complicate interpretation observations. In this study, we have compiled quality-controlled physical hydrographic best spatio-temporal coverage derived core parameters, including mixed layer depth, heat fluxes over key layers, friction velocity. We provide comprehensive accessible overview conditions encountered along MOSAiC drift, discuss their interdisciplinary implications, compare common climatologies these new data. Our results indicate that, most part, variability was dominated by regional rather than seasonal signals, carrying potentially strong implications biogeochemistry, ecology, even atmospheric conditions. Near-surface properties were strongly influenced relative position sampling, within or outside river-water Transpolar Drift, warming meltwater input. Ventilation down Atlantic Water in Nansen Basin allowed stronger connectivity between subsurface ice surface via elevated upward fluxes. Yermak Plateau Fram Strait regions characterized heterogeneous water mass distributions, energetic currents, lateral gradients frontal regions. Together presented offer context research, fostering improved understanding complex, coupled System.

Language: Английский

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The roles of river discharge and sea ice melting in formation of freshened surface layers in the Kara, Laptev, and East Siberian seas

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 12, 2024

Wide areas of the Siberian Arctic shelf are covered by freshened surface water layers, which among largest in World Ocean. River discharge is main freshwater source for formation these layers; therefore, they commonly referred to as river plumes (the Ob-Yenisei plume Kara Sea and Lena Laptev East seas). The contribution sea ice meltwater (SIM) pointed out be small, albeit its actual volume remains unknown. In this study, we use a novel dataset satellite-derived thickness Ocean during melt period quantify annual SIM, was received 2012–2020. We reveal that SIM significant providing, on average, 20% total content. Moreover, share shows large inter-annual (14%–29%) variability, i.e., certain years, provides almost one-third plume. This variability governed thickness, well seasonal melting conditions. Conversely, relatively low (8% average), varies from 6% 11% study period. difference mainly caused significantly smaller area compared with forecasted earlier onset future decades due climate change could decrease plume, whereas influence unclear.

Language: Английский

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New Constraints on the Physical and Biological Controls on the Silicon Isotopic Composition of the Arctic Ocean

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

The silicon isotope composition of silicic acid, δ 30 Si(OH) 4 , in the deep Arctic Ocean is anomalously heavy compared to all other ocean basins. To further evaluate mechanisms leading this condition, was examined on US GEOTRACES section GN01 from Bering Strait North Pole. Isotope values polar mixed layer showed a strong influence transpolar drift. Drift waters contained relatively high [Si(OH) ] with consistent silicate riverine source and biological consumption Eurasian shelves. maximum acid concentration, ], within double halocline Canada Basin formed local minimum that extended across Basin, reflecting high-[Si(OH) Pacific benthic inputs Chukchi Sea. became lighter increase intermediate waters; however, both water were heavier than A preliminary budget incorporating available data confirms importance isotopically inflows creating anomalous Si signature, but also reveals surprising similarity isotopic major outflows main gateways connecting Atlantic. This implies role productivity opal burial removing light isotopes entering rivers.

Language: Английский

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The Potential of ²³³U/²³⁶U as a Water Mass Tracer in the Arctic Ocean

Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 127(3)

Published: March 1, 2022

Abstract This study explores for the first time possibilities that 233 U/ 236 U atom ratio offers to distinguish waters of Atlantic or Pacific origin in Arctic Ocean. entering Ocean often carry an isotopic signature dominantly originating from European reprocessing facilities with some smaller contribution global fallout nuclides, whereas northern are labeled nuclides released during atmospheric nuclear testing period only. In Ocean, originates while carries both, a and prominent signal. Thus, provides tool identify water masses distinct sources. this work, were analyzed samples GN01 GEOTRACES expedition western 2015. The depth profiles surface seawater shows that: (a) show enhanced signals both radionuclides, which can be unraveled based on their signature; (b) Deep Bottom Waters extremely low concentrations close below analytical detection limits ratios known anthropogenic comparably high interpreted as relative increase naturally occurring thus gradually reaching natural levels deep Our results set basis future studies using pre‐anthropogenic beyond.

Language: Английский

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The Eurasian Arctic Ocean along the MOSAiC drift in 2019-2020: An interdisciplinary perspective on physical properties and processes

EarthArXiv (California Digital Library), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC, 2019--2020), a year-long drift with sea ice, has provided scientific community an unprecedented, multidisciplinary dataset from Eurasian Ocean, covering high atmosphere to deep ocean across all seasons. However, heterogeneity data and superposition spatial temporal variability, intrinsic campaign, complicate interpretation observations. In this study, we have compiled quality-controlled physical hydrographic best spatio-temporal coverage derived core parameters, including mixed layer depth, heat fluxes over key layers, friction velocity. We provide comprehensive accessible overview conditions encountered along MOSAiC drift, discuss their interdisciplinary implications, compare common climatologies these new data. Our results indicate that, most part, variability was dominated by regional rather than seasonal signals, carrying potentially strong implications biogeochemistry, ecology, even atmospheric conditions. Near-surface properties were strongly influenced relative position sampling, within or outside river-water Transpolar Drift, warming meltwater input. Ventilation down Atlantic Water in Nansen Basin allowed stronger connectivity between subsurface ice surface via elevated upward fluxes. Yermak Plateau Fram Strait regions characterized heterogeneous water mass distributions, energetic currents, lateral gradients frontal regions. Together presented offer context research, fostering improved understanding complex, coupled System.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic ice–ocean pathways along the Transpolar Drift amplify the dispersal of Siberian matter

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 14, 2025

Abstract The Transpolar Drift (TPD) plays a crucial role in regulating Arctic climate and ecosystems by transporting fresh water key substances, such as terrestrial nutrients pollutants, from the Siberian Shelf across Ocean to North Atlantic. However, year-round observations of TPD remain scarce, creating significant knowledge gaps regarding influence sea ice drift ocean surface circulation on transport pathways associated matter. Using geochemical provenance tracer data collected over complete seasonal cycle, our study reveals substantial spatiotemporal variability dispersal matter along TPD. This reflects dynamic shifts contributions individual rivers they integrate into large-scale current system, followed their rapid extensive redistribution through combination ice–ocean exchanges divergent drift. These findings emphasize complexity highlight challenges forecasting dynamics light anticipated changes extent, river discharge, patterns.

Language: Английский

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Properties of inflowing Pacific and Atlantic water govern total and methylated mercury profiles in the Arctic Ocean

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 126254 - 126254

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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