Biotechnologies for bulk production of microalgal biomass: from mass cultivation to dried biomass acquisition

Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Abstract Microalgal biomass represents a sustainable bioresource for various applications, such as food, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, feed, and other bio-based products. For decades, its mass production has attracted widespread attention interest. The process of microalgal involves several techniques, mainly cultivation, harvesting, drying, pollution control. These techniques are often designed optimized to meet optimal growth conditions microalgae produce high-quality at acceptable cost. Importantly, important producing commercial product in sufficient amounts. However, it should not be overlooked that biotechnology still faces challenges, particular the high cost production, lack knowledge about biological contaminants challenge loss active ingredients during production. issues involve research development low-cost, standardized, industrial-scale equipment optimization processes, well urgent need increase on ingredients. This review systematically examines global with emphasis drying control contaminants, discusses challenges strategies further improve quality reduce costs. Moreover, current status some biotechnologically species been summarized, importance improving microalgae-related standards their applications is noted.

Language: Английский

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Zooplankton functional diversity as a bioindicator of freshwater ecosystem health across land use gradient

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Zooplankton are critical indicators of pressures impacting freshwater ecosystems. We analyzed the response zooplankton communities across different sub-catchment types-headwaters, natural, urban, urban-agricultural, and agricultural-within Łyna river-lake system in Northern Poland. Using taxonomic groups functional traits (body size, feeding strategies), we applied Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS-R) to elucidate relationships between environmental conditions, land use, metacommunity structure. Two-Way Cluster Analysis (TWCA) identified local subsets with characteristic patterns, while Indicator Species (ISA) determined area-specific taxa. The natural river zone exhibited significant habitat heterogeneity niches, whereas urban areas created homogenization zooplankton, dominated by small, broad-diet microphages. Agricultural promoted diversity among large filter feeders (Crustacea), active suctors (Rotifera), amoebae (Protozoa). However, intensified agricultural activities, substantially diminished population, biomass, richness, overall ecosystem functionality. impact cover change is more pronounced at small-scale sub-catchments than catchment level as a whole. Therefore, assessing these impacts requires detailed spatial temporal analysis identify most affected areas. This study introduces new sub-catchment-based perspective on health assessment underscores zooplankton's role robust ecological change.

Language: Английский

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Rising temperatures, changing waters: the influence of abiotic factors on freshwater zooplankton community

Desalination and Water Treatment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100991 - 100991

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton are strongly regulated by the turbidity maximum in the macrotidal Qiantang River estuary-Hangzhou Bay

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Water beetle networks differences and migration between natural lakes and post-exploitation water bodies

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Temporal Variation and Spatial Distribution in the Water Environment Helps Explain Seasonal Dynamics of Zooplankton in River-Type Reservoir

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(21), P. 13719 - 13719

Published: Oct. 22, 2022

Integrated assessment of the water environment has become widespread in many rivers, lakes, and reservoirs; however, aquatic organisms freshwater are often overlooked this process. Zooplankton, as primary consumers, sensitive responsive to changes environment. Water zooplankton samples were collected on-site at Shanxi Reservoir quarterly determine 12 environmental indicators quantify abundance Cladocera, Copepoda Rotifera by using ZooScan image-scanning analysis system, combined with OLYMPUS BX51 machine learning recognition classification. The aim was explore relationship between factors through their spatial temporal heterogeneity. Through principal component analysis, redundancy cluster variations driving population growth different seasons could be identified. At same time, taxa can form clusters related during abundant period summer dry winter. Based on long-term monitoring, used a comprehensive indicator for ecological health evaluation, well providing scientific support regional resources deployment management.

Language: Английский

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Clarifying water clarity: A call to use metrics best suited to corresponding research and management goals in aquatic ecosystems

Limnology and Oceanography Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 388 - 397

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Water clarity is a subjective term and can be measured multiple ways. Different metrics such as light attenuation Secchi depth vary in effectiveness depending on the research or management application. In this essay, we argue that different questions merit water metrics. coastal inland waters, empirical relationships to estimate yield estimates either under- overestimate underwater climate for restoration goals, potential habitat available submerged aquatic vegetation. Best practices reporting measurements include regionally specific, temporally representative calibrations communicating metric was actually measured. An intentional choice of best suited question yields most useful results. The "water clarity" inherently ambiguous. generally refers distance penetrates through water, well visibility objects water. lakes, rivers, estuaries, zones, open ocean, an essential measurement monitoring programs wide variety applications. For example, used assess quality vegetation (SAV), study visual predation, model primary production. using methods, some focused penetration, based object visibility, others amounts components present (Fig. 1). General presented here include: disk (ZSD) (Secchi Cialdi 1866; Tyler 1968; Preisendorfer 1986), downwelling scalar coefficients photosynthetically active radiation (Kd(PAR) Ko(PAR)) (Kirk 1994), turbidity (Zaneveld et al. 1980; Davies-Colley Smith 2001; Sampedro Salgueiro 2015; Eidam 2022), beam (Bishop 1999). paper, terms Kd Ko will refer Kd(PAR) Ko(PAR). ZSD, Ko, are apparent optical properties, descriptors bodies depend both substances field (Mobley 2022). Component-based colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) commonly by its absorption (aCDOM; m−1) (Green Blough 1994) fluorescence (Stedmon 2003), chlorophyll pigment concentration (Chl a; mg m−3) (Holm-Hansen 1965; Welschmeyer total suspended solids (TSS; L−1) also known particulate matter, sediment (Ball 1964). CDOM Chl a, conversions from aCDOM may need account confounding factors, non-fluorescing components, daytime nonphotochemical quenching, high-scattering environments affect strength signal (Oestreich 2016; Cremella 2018; Carberry 2019). share case York River estuary (henceforth referred York), subestuary Chesapeake Bay. This location illustrates puzzle, likes which occurs many other globally. dataset includes coincident turbidity, ZSD Fall (2020); Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve Virginia (CBNERR-VA); Program (CBP) Quality program, all 2014 2016 (Turner (2020) data were collected irregularly time at eight stations within 2A). CBNERR-VA CBP once twice per month Goodwin Islands WE4.2 long-term sites, respectively simple hyperbolic relationship between widely represented = α/ZSD product × α (Holmes 1970). However, often do not adhere consistent described constant α. value has been found across latitudes, hydrologies, climatic conditions (Lee Bowers 2020). Consequently, turbid it disadvantageous calibrate (Preisendorfer 1986). study, serves extreme example variability 2B). Instead, what information gained decoupling ZSD? First, if goal understand measuring directly (Table Second, instead transparency alone suffice. Finally, simultaneous gain insight into how constituents interact with light, since mismatch more about light-blocking provides limit penetration. moderately smaller (i.e., indicates clearer water) than predicted (α < 1.45). Smaller values expected attributed properties particles (Hou 2007), reduced due increased forward scattering small (Hernández Gocke 1988; Armengol 2003; Effler Peng 2012). changes particle contribute shallowing while minimal change even improvement (Gallegos 2011; Harding Testa 2019; Turner 2021). direction, high quantities cause deeper compared would predict, yet rapid > 1.45) (Pedersen 2014). critical SAV, requires penetration photosynthesis. During SAV work, use one another over- under-estimate limits habitats. fjord Denmark, deepened over time, but remained relatively large concentrations, causing should rather proxy depths infer quality, plants collect plane irradiance (Zimmerman 2003, 2006). Researchers frequently subset oligotrophic these contributions mainly phytoplankton; thus, derived (Smith Baker 1978; 1982; Kim 2015). lakes estimated only (or salinity) TSS (Woodruff 1996; Gallegos Fear 2004; Xu 2005; USEPA 2008; Feng Cerco Noel 2017; Other estimations employ semi-analytical (e.g., Lee 2005, 2007; Zimmerman 2015), enabling satellite remote sensing spatial resolutions relevant estuaries 2015, 2016). tributaries, map spatially shallow waters making equation salinity (as CDOM), a. These latter three flow-through method, increasing temporal coverage. few validation stations, calculated determined salinity, approach groups subregions periods together generate describes wider distribution (Dennison 1993; 2007, Moore 2009; Reay Tango Batiuk 2013). Perhaps important practice report actual used. Some studies when analyzed does represent implies. Wang (2013) describe patterns conventional 1.45/ZSD less 2B,C). required cost, sampling resolution needs, then method clearly communicated salinity), cross-calibration made available. attenuation, (Ko) (Kd) coefficient reported explicitly. cases, under-estimated error profiles extend deep enough column. Collecting varying ranges result inconsistent best-fit full photic zone, particularly 2018). Whenever possible, 1% illumination avoid error. Empirical models locally calibrated because characteristics water's greatly, sometimes fine scale. Bay, single applies subregions, all. tributary rivers Elizabeth Rivers, there CDOM, larger Potomac Susquehanna predict (Cerco 2017). diversity likely results river inputs; largest have mountainous uplands deliver sediment, drain plains wetlands (Najjar 2020; Henderson Bukaveckas addition, response strongly along given systematic variations floc size, density, content (Yard Ideally, incorporate times conditions, so targeted captured. A calibration performed during season tidal stage apply entire interest. York, developed certain set years (pre-2008) underestimates observations later 2D). disagreement part 2014–2016 hydrologically dry lower nutrient early 2000s. types discrepancies implications 2D), greater area suitable (2008) availability. It could argued somewhat conservative underestimation minor problem. overestimating availability negative ecological overpredicting amount Pedersen When planning measurements, recommended select according specific application directly, sensor If needed cost recommended. goal, simplest valuable environmental restoration, whether citizen scientists, non-profit organizations, local programs. measure ecosystems. well-suited involving benthic autotrophs 2004) (Schwarz Borowiak 2017), microalgae (Newell 2002), kelp forests (Graham Tait 2021), coral reef habitats (Baird Jones Scalar (Ko Kd) appropriate phytoplankton photosynthesis, better represents energy cells directions. macrophytes, plants' flat leaves scientists organizations wishing low intensity loggers alternative expensive traditional sensors (Long visibility. human perception (Keeler West 2016) clarity's effect property (Klemick sighted animals their trophic interactions, foraging efficiency zooplankton fish (Aksnes Aksnes Goździejewska Kruk 2022) interactions predators mesopredators (Benfield Minello Baptist Leopold 2010; Lunt Smee 2014; Reustle role science community engagement (Crooke Pitarch 2020) maintaining especially long time-series (Jassby Opdal block affecting clarity. truly mass Therefore, applications benefit quantifying sediments column, resuspension, shoreline erosion, inputs (Fall Palinkas Tarpley Moriarty shellfish research, concentrations clog oyster gills blanket reefs via deposition (Luckenbach 1999; Beck Gernez recent technologies allow deployed time. Platforms like buoys, moorings, floats situ sensors, thus continuous (Boss stand-alone effects climate, 2009). Looking future, ability researchers critical. While dynamic systems, importance diminished. Provided well-performed, longer-term fruitful way monitoring. factors contributing understood, evaluate relative magnitude reduction. Use causes We acknowledge support ASLO Wiley form APC waiver offered Jessica S. L&O Letters Early Career Publication Honor. work supported Institute Marine Science (VIMS) NSF grants OCE-1061781 OCE-1459708. Kelsey A. additionally Resources Center's Student Seed Grant. Commonwealth Coastal Fellowship Virginia. authors thank curators datahub people who make possible control station, including Joy Baber, Kenneth Moore, Betty Neikirk, Lisa Ott, David Parrish, William Reay, Erin Shields. VIMS Hydrodynamics Sediment Dynamics lab researchers—especially Grace Massey Danielle Tarpley—and vessel operations staff helped K. estuary. Bridget Deemer provided helpful comments versions work. manuscript substantially improved two anonymous reviewers.

Language: Английский

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Not a Good Place to Live for Most, but Excellent for a Few—Diversity of Zooplankton in a Shallow Coastal Ecosystem

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 2345 - 2345

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Shallow brackish water habitats are characterized by highly unstable environmental conditions, which result in low species diversity. We performed our research the Vistula Lagoon three seasons years 2019–2021. This lagoon is extremely variable and covered period of hydro-technical works before opening canal through Spit, could be an additional stress factor. The aim study was to present particularities zooplankton communities (Rotifera; Crustacea) shallow coastal ecosystem. Our results pointed out very diversity caused multi-stress conditions related increased turbidity salinity. Nevertheless, under these some achieved advantage strongly dominated communities. Domination Eurytemora affinis as well other a well-known phenomenon. Moreover, offered favorable for intense development non-indigenous, or alien, like Diaphanosoma mongolianum, D. orghidani, Acanthocyclops americanus. Therefore, waters seem transitional areas non-native fauna that may subsequently spread into adjacent freshwater marine systems.

Language: Английский

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The zooplankton adaptation patterns along turbidity gradient in shallow water reservoirs

Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 188 - 200

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Turbidity is a precursor of several biotic phenomena in aquatic ecosystems, including differentiation the zooplankton ensemble. We tested hypothesis that turbidity gradient shallow artificial reservoirs can control biomass most evenly distributed, i.e. best adapted, population species. This species be sequentially linked to other taxa indicate particular gradient. assumed each three water classes: high (HT), moderate (MT) and low (LT) represented by adapted establishes relationships with These networks adaptation higher lower levels class. Random forest classification regression models were used. The showed variation copepod nauplii reflected classifications. Patterns occurrence Daphnia cucullata Sars, 1862, Difflugia spp. Cephalodella (LT), Keratella cochlearis (Gosse, 1851) (MT), K. Filinia longiseta (Ehrenberg, 1834) (HT) formed at successive network. patterns classes based on an optimal set sequence functional traits, ability satisfy food needs, interspecific relationships. modelling supported comprehensive interpretation results, innovatively expanding existing knowledge functioning turbid ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Regional differences in water beetle communities networks settling in dystrophic lakes in northern Poland

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 5, 2023

Abstract The relationships between the species that form networks in small dystrophic lakes remain poorly recognised. To investigate and better understand functioning of beetle communities different ecosystems, we created three network models subjected to graph analysis. This approach displays correlation–based connections (edges) objects (nodes) by evaluating features whole attributes nodes edges context their roles, expressed centrality metrics. We used this method determine importance specific interspecific relationships. Our analyses are based on faunal material collected from 25 regions northern Poland. found a total 104 representing ecological elements functional trophic groups. have shown biomass differs considerably study regions. Kashubian Lakeland had highest cohesion density, while Suwalki was thinnest most heterogeneous, which might be related fractal structure degree development studied lakes. Small–bodied predators congregated clusters with similar preferences dominated all networks. correlations Masurian Lakeland, where obtained centralisation network. Small tyrphophiles typically occupied central places network, periphery consisted habitat preferences, including large predators. were important for density mainly tyrphophilous species, such as Anacaena lutescens , Hygrotus decoratus Enochrus melanocephalus Hydroporus neglectus . values determining role community influenced both biotic environmental factors.

Language: Английский

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