Global climate-related predictors at kilometer resolution for the past and future

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 5573 - 5603

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Abstract. A multitude of physical and biological processes on which ecosystems human societies depend are governed by the climate, understanding how these altered climate change is central to mitigation efforts. We developed a set climate-related variables at as yet unprecedented spatiotemporal detail basis for environmental ecological analyses. downscaled time series near-surface relative humidity (hurs) cloud area fraction (clt) under consideration orography wind well speed (sfcWind) using delta-change method. Combining grids with mechanistically information temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, we then calculated vapor pressure deficit (vpd), surface downwelling shortwave radiation (rsds), potential evapotranspiration (pet), moisture index (cmi), site water balance (swb) monthly temporal 30 arcsec spatial resolution globally from 1980 until 2018 (time-series variables). At same resolution, further estimated climatological normals frost frequency (fcf), snow cover days (scd), net primary productivity (npp), growing degree (gdd), season characteristics periods 1981–2010, 2011–2040, 2041–2070, 2071–2100, considering three shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP126, SSP370, SSP585) five Earth system models (projected Time-series showed high accuracy when validated against observations meteorological stations compared alternative products. Projected were also highly correlated observations, although some notable biases, e.g., days. Together, CHELSA-BIOCLIM+ dataset presented here (https://doi.org/10.16904/envidat.332, Brun et al., 2022) allows improvement our patterns that including impact recent future changes world's associated services societies.

Language: Английский

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European soybean to benefit people and the environment

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 31, 2024

Abstract Europe imports large amounts of soybean that are predominantly used for livestock feed, mainly sourced from Brazil, USA and Argentina. In addition, the demand GM-free human consumption is project to increase. Soybean has higher protein quality digestibility than other legumes, along with high concentrations isoflavones, phytosterols minerals enhance nutritional value as a food ingredient. Here, we examine potential increase production across feed direct consumption, review possible effects on environment health. Simulations field data indicate rainfed yields 3.1 ± 1.2 t ha −1 southern UK through (compared 3.5 average North America). Drought-prone regions cooler northern require breeding incorporate stress-tolerance traits. Literature synthesized in this work evidenced properties important nutrition, health, traits related processing compared alternative sources. While acknowledging uncertainties inherent any modelling exercise, our findings suggest further integrating into European agriculture could reduce GHG emissions by 37–291 Mt CO 2e year fertiliser N use 0.6–1.2 , concurrently improving health nutrition.

Language: Английский

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Drought characteristics in Mediterranean under future climate change

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Abstract The present work aims to address the physical properties of different drought types under near-future climates in Mediterranean. To do so, we use a multi-model mean bias-adjusted and downscaled product five Earth System Models participating Coupled Model Intercomparison Project—phase6 (CMIP6), provided by Inter-Sectoral Impact Project (ISIMIP), four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, SSP3–7.0, SSP5–8.5) for period 2021–2060, estimate Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) at 1-, 6-, 12-month time scales, meteorological, agricultural, hydrological drought, respectively. Additionally, SPEI is calculated from CMIP6 historical simulations reanalysis ‘WFDE5’ 1980–2014 as reference period. comparison with WFDE5 reveals consistently increasing tendency occurrences Mediterranean, particularly agricultural scales. Nonetheless, an overestimation trend magnitude shown respect WFDE5. projection results depict frequencies ranging between 12 25% studied varying regions climate scenarios. increase frequency more pronounced southern than northern Mediterranean countries. Drought severity remarkable aggregated scales; consequently, pressure foreseen food water sectors. seasonality higher summer (autumn) months meteorological (agricultural) droughts. driving factor(s) occurrence strongly depends on regional characteristics.

Language: Английский

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Knowns, uncertainties, and challenges in agrivoltaics to sustainably intensify energy and food production

Cell Reports Physical Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(8), P. 101518 - 101518

Published: July 26, 2023

Harnessing solar energy to renewably produce electricity can contribute climate mitigation while meeting current demands. However, utility-scale photovoltaics are land intensive and compete with food production. Agrivoltaics, which combines both production, has the potential reduce competition for land. its benefits remain uncertain. Here, we review literature assess how agrivoltaics provide synergistic across food-energy-water nexus relative photovoltaic or agricultural systems in isolation. Overall, enhance sustainability of resilience our helping meet there obstacles be surmounted. Interdisciplinary collaborative research actions gain a holistic mechanistic understanding ecological, environmental, socio-economic consequences agrivoltaics, realize new innovations unravel this emerging strategy, urgently needed.

Language: Английский

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Global impacts of heat and water stress on food production and severe food insecurity

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 22, 2024

In contrast to most integrated assessment models, with limited transparency on damage functions and recursive temporal dynamics, we use a unique large-dimensional computational global climate trade model, GTAP-DynW, directly project the possible intertemporal impacts of water heat stress food supply security 2050. The GTAP-DynW model uses GTAP production data for 141 countries regions, varying baselines, results are aggregated into 30 countries/regions commodity sectors. Blue projections drawn from WRI source material GTAP-Water database incorporate dynamic changes in resources their availability agricultural international trade, thus providing more general measure severe insecurity damages warming. Findings presented three representative concentration pathways: RCP4.5-SSP2, RCP8.5-SPP2, RCP8.5-SSP3 (population growth only SSPs) project: (a) substantial declines, as measured by GCal, some 6%, 10%, 14% 2050 (b) number additional people 2050, correspondingly, increases 556 million, 935 1.36 billion compared 2020 baseline.

Language: Английский

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Rhizosheath drought responsiveness is variety‐specific and a key component of belowground plant adaptation

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 242(2), P. 479 - 492

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Summary Biophysicochemical rhizosheath properties play a vital role in plant drought adaptation. However, their integration into the framework of response is hampered by incomplete mechanistic understanding responsiveness and unknown linkage to intraspecific plant–soil reactions. Thirty‐eight Zea mays varieties were grown under well‐watered conditions assess properties, such as soil aggregation, mass, net‐rhizodeposition, organic carbon distribution. Additionally, explanatory traits, including functional trait adaptations changes enzyme activities, measured. Drought restricted structure formation shifted plant–carbon from litter‐derived matter macroaggregates microbially processed compounds microaggregates. Variety‐specific modifications determined variations responsiveness. responses system ranged among maintaining plant–microbial interactions through accumulation rhizodeposits, preserving while increasing exploration enhanced root elongation. Drought‐induced alterations at root–soil interface may hold crucial implications for ecosystem resilience changing climate. Our findings highlight that are an intrinsic component response, emphasizing need holistic concept systems future research on

Language: Английский

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Projecting the impacts of climate change on soybean production and water requirements using AquaCrop model

European Journal of Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 127538 - 127538

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Transpiration response to soil drying and vapor pressure deficit is soil texture specific

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 500(1-2), P. 129 - 145

Published: Nov. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Identification of gene expression signature for drought stress response in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using machine learning approach

Current Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39, P. 100370 - 100370

Published: July 2, 2024

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop, playing a pivotal role in global agriculture and food systems. Drought has significant impact on barley growth yield productivity. In the current study, core drought stress responsive genes were investigated using integrative approach. First, we determined differentially expressed (DEGs) multiple RNA-seq experiments p-value combination Then, machine learning approaches including four weighting algorithms harnessed for prioritization determination of signature genes. Moreover, predictive models optimized tree induction naive Bayes algorithms. Finally, functional importance DEGs pathways dissected gene ontology, KEGG enrichment, protein-protein interaction network analysis. Results showed that participate carbon metabolism, biosynthesis secondary metabolites, glyoxylate dicarboxylate fixation, degradation amino acids, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate starch sucrose glycerolipid beta-alanine ascorbate aldarate taurine hypotaurine metabolism. Notably, C4.5 algorithm, boasting remarkable 100 % accuracy, pinpointed two particular HORVU.MOREX.R3.1HG0063740, encoding endo-1, 3–1, 4-beta-D-glucanase, HORVU.MOREX.R3.1HG0083720, which encodes bifunctional inhibitor/lipid-transfer protein. This comprehensive analysis contributes significantly to understanding pathways. these findings lay groundwork further research aimed at developing drought-resistant varieties utilizing field screening programs.

Language: Английский

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The expansion of rainfed grain production can generate spontaneous hydrological changes that reduce climate sensitivity

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 349, P. 108440 - 108440

Published: March 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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