Neurological Biomarker Profiles in Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) Pilots and Aircrew DOI Creative Commons
Shawn G. Rhind, Maria Y. Shiu, Oshin Vartanian

et al.

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 1296 - 1296

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Background/Objectives: Military aviators can be exposed to extreme physiological stressors, including decompression stress, G-forces, as well intermittent hypoxia and/or hyperoxia, which may contribute neurobiological dysfunction/damage. This study aimed investigate the levels of neurological biomarkers in military assess potential risk long-term brain injury and neurodegeneration. Methods: cross-sectional involved 48 Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) non-aviator CAF controls. Plasma samples were analyzed for glial activation (GFAP), axonal damage (NF-L, pNF-H), oxidative stress (PRDX-6), neurodegeneration (T-tau), along with S100b, NSE, UCHL-1. The biomarker concentrations quantified using multiplexed immunoassays. Results: exhibited significantly elevated GFAP, NF-L, PRDX-6, T-tau compared controls (p < 0.001), indicating increased activation, injury, stress. Trends toward higher UCHL-1 observed but not statistically significant. suggest cumulative damage, raising concerns about impairments. Conclusions: are at early These findings emphasize importance proactive monitoring further research understand impacts high-altitude flight on health develop strategies mitigating cognitive decline neurodegenerative risks this population.

Language: Английский

Tau Protein Alterations Induced by Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure DOI Open Access
Eduardo Pena, Rocio San Martin-Salamanca, Samia El Alam

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 889 - 889

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases whose central feature is dysfunction the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT). Although exact etiology tauopathies still unknown, it has been hypothesized that their onset may occur up to twenty years before clear emergence symptoms, which led questions about whether prognosis these can be improved by, for instance, targeting factors influence tauopathy development. One such factor hypoxia, strongly linked Alzheimer’s disease because its association with obstructive sleep apnea and reported affect molecular pathways related aggregation proteins other biomarkers neurological damage. In particular, hypobaric hypoxia exposure increases activation several kinases hyperphosphorylation in neuronal cells, as ERK, GSK3β, CDK5. addition, also levels inflammatory molecules (IL-β1, IL-6, TNF-α), associated neurodegeneration. This review discusses many remaining regarding on contribution high-altitude development diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
EEG as a neural measure of hypoxia-related impairment DOI Creative Commons

S OTTO,

Cammi K. Borden,

Daniel G. McHail

et al.

Frontiers in Cognition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Ambient oxygen decreases with increasing altitude, which poses a primary threat to aviators known as hypoxic hypoxia. Decades of research have shown that hypoxia impairs cognition, but the neurophysiological bases for these effects remain poorly understood. Recent advances in neuroscience permitted non-invasive observation neural activity under controlled exposures and begun uncover how brain responds Electroencephalography (EEG) particular has been used explore electrical produced by networks cortical neurons changes Here we review studies explored affects prominent EEG rhythms well responses specific events or stimuli time frequency domains. Experimental conditions varied widely, including whether were normobaric hypobaric range equivalent altitudes durations exposures. Collectively, accumulated support variety candidate markers impairment spanning sensory cognitive Continued will build on findings leverage emerging technologies further our understanding cognition associated activity.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Role of Hypoxia in Longevity DOI Creative Commons
Ayesha Nisar,

Sawar Khan,

Yongzhang Pan

et al.

Aging and Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 0 - 0

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Aging is marked by a progressive decrease in physiological function and reserve capacity, which results increased susceptibility to diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of driving aging crucial for extending health span promoting human longevity. Hypoxia, reduced oxygen availability, has emerged as promising area study within research. This review explores recent findings on potential restriction promote healthy extend lifespan. While role hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) cellular responses hypoxia well-established, its impact lifespan remains complex context-dependent. Investigations invertebrate models suggest HIF-1 longevity, while evidence mammalian limited. Hypoxia extends independent dietary (DR), known intervention underlying However, both DR converge common downstream effectors, such forkhead box O (FOXO) flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMOs) modulate Further work required elucidate molecular hypoxia-induced longevity optimize clinical applications. crosstalk between other longevity-associated pathways developing interventions enhance healthspan. Future studies may uncover novel therapeutic strategies populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Time-course effects and mechanisms of hypobaric hypoxia on nervous system in mice DOI
Huiting Zhang, Xianxie Zhang,

Zuoxu Liu

et al.

Neuroscience Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 801, P. 137163 - 137163

Published: March 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Altitudes elevadas e estresse neural: como as condições hipobáricas influenciam na neurodegeneração e na hiperintensidade da substância branca DOI Creative Commons

Alexia Miranda Morais,

Kaillanny Kettly Melo Freitas,

Igor Rodrigues Da Silva

et al.

Cuadernos de Educación y Desarrollo, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2 Edição Especial)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Ocupações específicas, como pilotos e comissários de bordo, submetem o sistema nervoso à constante exposição às altitudes elevadas (AE) e, por conseguinte, pressão atmosférica hipobárica. Tais condições desencadeiam alterações morfofuncionais que, em grande parte, se refletem pela hiperintensidade da substância branca (HSB), marcador subclínico desgaste cerebral.

Citations

0
Aeromedical evacuation-relevant hypobaria following traumatic brain injury in rats contributes to cerebral blood flow depression, altered neurochemistry, and increased neuroinflammation DOI
Julie L. Proctor, Su Xu, Sijia Guo

et al.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Aircraft cabins are routinely pressurized to the equivalent of 8000 ft altitude. Exposure lab animals aeromedical evacuation relevant hypobaria after traumatic brain injury worsens neurological outcomes, which is paradoxically exacerbated by hyperoxia. This study tested hypothesis that exposure rats following cortical impact reduces cerebral blood flow, increases neuroinflammation, and alters neurochemistry. Rats were exposed simulated ground (normobaric) or air (hypobaric ft) transport, under normoxia hyperoxia, 24 hr trauma. Hypobaria resulted in lower flow contralateral cortex bilateral thalamus during flight increased delayed inflammation (ED1 immunoreactivity) at 14 days post injury. Impacted had higher creatine levels compared maintained sea level. combination hyperoxia greatest reduction total persisted up two weeks. In conclusion, hypoperfusion could contribute worsening neuroinflammation neurochemical imbalances. The presence excessive O

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Neurological Biomarker Profiles in Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) Pilots and Aircrew DOI Creative Commons
Shawn G. Rhind, Maria Y. Shiu, Oshin Vartanian

et al.

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 1296 - 1296

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Background/Objectives: Military aviators can be exposed to extreme physiological stressors, including decompression stress, G-forces, as well intermittent hypoxia and/or hyperoxia, which may contribute neurobiological dysfunction/damage. This study aimed investigate the levels of neurological biomarkers in military assess potential risk long-term brain injury and neurodegeneration. Methods: cross-sectional involved 48 Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) non-aviator CAF controls. Plasma samples were analyzed for glial activation (GFAP), axonal damage (NF-L, pNF-H), oxidative stress (PRDX-6), neurodegeneration (T-tau), along with S100b, NSE, UCHL-1. The biomarker concentrations quantified using multiplexed immunoassays. Results: exhibited significantly elevated GFAP, NF-L, PRDX-6, T-tau compared controls (p < 0.001), indicating increased activation, injury, stress. Trends toward higher UCHL-1 observed but not statistically significant. suggest cumulative damage, raising concerns about impairments. Conclusions: are at early These findings emphasize importance proactive monitoring further research understand impacts high-altitude flight on health develop strategies mitigating cognitive decline neurodegenerative risks this population.

Language: Английский

Citations

0