Cytokine concentration and T cell subsets in the female genital tract in the presence of bacterial vaginosis and Trichomonas vaginalis

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 17, 2025

Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and bacterial vaginosis (BV) are highly prevalent vaginal infections. Both associated with pelvic inflammatory disease HIV acquisition transmission, though the underlying mechanisms incompletely understood. We characterized effect of TV BV infection on markers in vagina among reproductive-aged women Atlanta, Georgia. Cervicovaginal lavage specimens were collected from seronegative at a baseline visit again three months later. Eighteen individual cytokines, 17 T cell subsets, BV, measured both timepoints. After natural log transformation, median cytokine concentration number cells compared by status statistically using Kruskal-Wallis test. A inflammation score created principal components analysis. The scores then used as outcomes separate linear mixed regression models random intercept. Sixty had data 43 seen for follow-up. age was 30 years, 78% self-reported Black race. prevalence 15% 37%, respectively. 16 out 18 cytokines differed status. In multivariable modeling, neither nor score. Most CD4+ subsets (7 9) model, higher (1.54; 95%CI 0.00, 3.08). not Increased mucosal may explain observed association between risk.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Assessment of Genital Infections and Reproductive Health in Women Visiting a Fertility Clinic in Warangal, India—A Case‐Control Study

Health Science Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Female infertility is a global health issue however, its link with genital infections often overlooked due to asymptomatic nature of infections. Delayed diagnosis and treatment absence reliable point‐of‐care (POC) tools result in long‐term pathological consequences infertility. This pilot‐scale study aims identify the most noteworthy prognostic symptoms that exhibit significant correlation reproductive tract disorders Methods We designed detailed questionnaire conducted case‐control, observational 100 female patients, categorized into infertile (n1 = 62) healthy groups (n2 38) followed by statistical analysis. Results highlights an early onset (18‐25 years). Approximately 27% patients are symptomatic for infections, ~42% menstrual irregularities. Polycystic ovarian syndrome/disease (PCOS/PCOD, ~30%) appears be predominant disorder, endometrial (~10%) tubal damage (~8%) patients. A multivariate analysis revealed highly ( p ≤ 0.05) strong association (0.15 < Φ 1.0) between disorders, uterine/tubal blockage, hormonal disruption infection‐associated symptoms, e.g. vaginitis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disorder (PID), dyspareunia or like tuberculosis (TB) & urinary infection (UTI). Conclusions Our shows contribution Nevertheless, substantial 73% ineligible confirmatory classical symptoms. underscores pressing requirement comprehensive screening strategies timely management fertility. Patient Public Contribution was performed line principles STrengthening Reporting OBservational studies Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines (Supporting Information 1) [1]. The following ethical approval Institutional Human Ethics Committee. All individuals who participated were fully informed about various aspects, including study's objectives, methodologies, sources funding, potential conflicts interest, institutional affiliations researcher, anticipated benefits, risks, discomfort they might experience. Their participation contingent on obtaining their consent (See Supporting 2 patient form). Furthermore, safeguard confidentiality, we took measures de‐identify information. included removal exact ages, which replaced age ranges, omission dates photographs during presentation data.

Language: Английский

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The hormonal control of parturition

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 104(3), P. 1121 - 1145

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Parturition is a complex physiological process that must occur in reliable manner and at an appropriate gestation stage to ensure healthy newborn mother. To this end, hormones affect the function of gravid uterus, especially progesterone (P4), 17β-estradiol (E 2 ), oxytocin (OT), prostaglandins (PGs), play pivotal roles. P4 via nuclear receptor (PR) promotes uterine quiescence for most pregnancy exerts dominant block labor. Loss parturition association with gain prolabor actions E are key transitions hormonal cascade leading parturition. withdrawal can through various mechanisms depending on species context. involves inflammation within tissues maternal-fetal interface. Local PGs other inflammatory mediators may initiate by inducing withdrawal. Withdrawal coordinated increased enhance uterotonic signals mediated OT promote contractions, cervix softening, membrane rupture, i.e., This review examines recent advances research understand control parturition, focus roles P4, , PGs, OT, cytokines, placental peptide together evolutionary biology implications clinical management human

Language: Английский

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The elusive male microbiome: revealing the link between the genital microbiota and fertility. Critical review and future perspectives

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 29

Published: March 25, 2024

There is a growing focus on understanding the role of male microbiome in fertility issues. Although research bacterial communities within reproductive system its initial phases, recent discoveries highlight notable variations microbiome's composition and abundance across distinct anatomical regions like skin, foreskin, urethra, coronary sulcus. To assess relationship between genitourinary reproduction, we queried various databases, including MEDLINE (available via PubMed), SCOPUS, Web Science to obtain evidence-based data. The literature search was conducted using following terms "gut/intestines microbiome," "genitourinary "microbiome female/male infertility," "external genital tract "internal "semen microbiome." Fifty-one relevant papers were analyzed, eleven strictly semen quality or related. microbiome, especially accessory glands prostate, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands, has garnered significant interest because potential link reproduction. Studies have also found differences diversity present testicular tissue normozoospermic men compared azoospermic suggesting possible dysbiosis Correlation taxa microbiota sexual partners been found, activity can influence urogenital microbiota. Exploring microbial world opens doors developing ways prevent, diagnose, treat infertility. work emphasizes importance consistent methods, conducting long-term studies, deepening our how works. This helps make comparable, pinpoint interventions, smoothly apply insights real-world clinical practices.

Language: Английский

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Vaginal microbiota and spontaneous preterm birth in pregnant women at high risk of recurrence

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(10), P. e30685 - e30685

Published: May 1, 2024

We describe vaginal microbiota, including

Language: Английский

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