Global burden of vaccine‐associated multiple sclerosis, 1967–2022: A comprehensive analysis of the international pharmacovigilance database

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Vaccine‐associated multiple sclerosis (MS) is rare, with insufficient evidence from case reports. Given the scarcity of large‐scale data investigating association between vaccine administration and adverse events, we investigated global burden vaccine‐associated MS potential related vaccines 1967 to 2022. Reports on 2022 were obtained World Health Organization International Pharmacovigilance Database (total number reports = 120 715 116). We evaluated reports, reporting odds ratio (ROR), information components (IC) investigate associations 19 across 156 countries territories. identified 8288 among 132 980 cases all‐cause MS. The cumulative gradually increased over time, a substantial increase after 2020, owing COVID‐19 mRNA develops more frequently in males adolescents. Nine significantly associated higher reporting, highest disproportional observed for hepatitis B (ROR 19.82; IC 025 4.18), followed by encephalitis 7.42; 2.59), A 4.46; 1.95), papillomavirus 4.45; 2.01). Additionally, showed disproportionate signal 1.55; 0.52). Fatal clinical outcomes reported only 0.3% (21/8288) all Although various are potentially risk MS, should be cautious about following vaccination, particularly vaccines, consider factors

Language: Английский

---

National prevalence of smoking among adolescents at tobacco tax increase and COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea, 2005–2022

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 3, 2024

Abstract Prior research has predominantly focused on the overall effects of tobacco tax increase and COVID-19 pandemic adolescent smoking behavior. However, there is a need to examine both immediate sustained associations these two factors subgroups adolescents, employing an interrupted time-series model. We aimed investigate association prevalence. This study utilized data from Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey analyze prevalence current among all participants (CSP) daily smokers (DSP) Korean adolescents (n = 1,159,995; mean, age 14.99; male 51.5%) over 18 years 2005 2022. The examined 18-year trends in CSP DSP emphasizing influences 2015 pandemic, using β coefficients their differences (β diff ) ARIMA While exhibited decreasing trend, increasing trend. Tobacco was associated with short long terms prevalence, however, short-term (CSP, − 3.076 [95% CI, 3.707 2.445]; DSP, 4.112 6.488 1.735]) stronger. (9.345 5.285–13.406]). These were strongest low economic status those exposed familial secondhand smoking. Supportive programs for low-income families will help overcome pandemic. As reduction this could be one method

Language: Английский

---

National trends of allergic diseases and pandemic–related factors among individuals with obesity in South Korea: A nationwide representative serial study, 2005–2021

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. e29921 - e29921

Published: April 22, 2024

Although obesity is known to be related allergic diseases, few studies have investigated the prevalence of diseases in individuals with obesity, especially during COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aimed analyze national trends among and sociodemographic factors.

Language: Английский

---

Long-term trends and patterns in ultra-processed food consumption among Korean adults from 1998 to 2022

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Ultra-processed foods are linked to adverse health outcomes, making it crucial monitor consumption trends. Despite rising due Westernized diets in Asia, long-term studies targeting Asian adults lacking. Thus, we analyzed ultra-processed food trends among Korean from 1998 2022. Additionally, compared intakes before and during the pandemic evaluate potential impact of COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, nutrient profiles non-ultra-processed group intakes. This study used data Korea National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2022, classifying into four NOVA groups. Dietary intake was assessed In 2020-2022, had a higher proportion using single 24-hour recall for 96,447 individuals aged 20 years or older. Sampling weights were applied adjust complex survey design non-responses. We calculated weighted means confidence intervals energy by groups various profiles. The steadily increased 17.41% 1998-2005 26.71% 2016-2019 (mean difference: 9.30% [95% CI, 8.62-9.98%]), but declined first time pandemic, falling 25.33% -1.39% -2.18% -0.59%]). calories carbohydrates (62.12% vs. 58.81%) fats (28.22% 22.31%) lower protein (10.32% 17.26%) foods. From fat content both significantly increased, 26.24 28.15% 1.91% 1.33-2.49%]) 16.81 22.26% 5.45% 4.99-5.91%]). examined 25-year South Koreans, showing consistent increase until which time. However, this decline may be temporary, underscoring need sustained efforts reduce consumption.

Language: Английский

---

Evaluating the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Jordanian Society Towards Halal Pharmaceuticals

The Open Public Health Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Background Halal pharmaceuticals comply with Islamic dietary laws and ethical principles, addressing the needs of Muslim consumers. Understanding public awareness attitudes towards these products is crucial for promoting informed healthcare decisions religious adherence. Objectives pharmaceuticals, adhering to are essential in Muslim-majority countries. This study aimed investigate Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices (KAP) Jordanian society regarding halal pharmaceutical products. Methods Materials A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 914 participants from diverse demographic backgrounds Jordan. The assessed awareness, attitudes, practices concerning pharmaceuticals. Data analysis performed identify key determinants KAP scores. Results revealed moderate knowledge about among participants, 60.4% 64.2% unfamiliar terms “halal pharmaceuticals” “non-halal pharmaceuticals,” respectively. While 85.2% recognized prohibition substances, such as derivatives dead animals alcohol, 66.2% lacked specific non-halal ingredients. When seeking information medicines, 73.1% relied established institutions, while 68.4% used online resources. Pharmacists were identified trusted sources by 61.7% respondents. Gender, age, smoking status, education level, specialization, job status significantly influenced Specifically, females exhibited higher more favorable 64.1% reporting knowledge, compared 52.3% males. Higher levels also correlated better scores, 74.5% a university demonstrating 55.7% those without education. Conclusion findings underscore need enhanced educational initiatives bridge gaps promote Collaborative efforts between providers, companies, authorities ensure availability clear identification options, catering beliefs patients fostering decisions.

Language: Английский

---

Association of Soda Drinks and Fast Food with Allergic Diseases in Korean Adolescents: A Nationwide Representative Study

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 17

Published: July 1, 2024

A high consumption of carbonated soft drinks (i.e., soda drinks) and fast food is potentially associated with the observed global rise in adolescent allergic diseases. Thus, our study aimed to examine potential associations between conditions, identifying specific relationships across subgroups each condition (asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis).

Language: Английский

---

National prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents from 2009 to 2022

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 29, 2024

Abstract Previous studies have examined the prevalence of allergic diseases in adolescents 1–2 years after emergence COVID-19 pandemic. However, more data is needed to understand long-term impact on diseases. Thus, we aimed examine trend atopic dermatitis Korean before and during pandemic across 14 years. Additionally, analyze risk factors (AD) based results. The Disease Control Prevention Agency conducted Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey from 2009 2022, which for this study were obtained. Prevalence trends compared subgroups, β difference (β diff ) was calculated. We computed odds ratios changes disease This included a total 917,461 participants 2022. increased 6.79% (95% CI 6.66–6.91) 2009–2011 6.89% 6.72–7.05) 2018–2019, then decreased slightly 5.82% 5.60–6.04) Across years, middle school student status, low parent’s highest education level, household income, non-alcohol consumption, non-smoker smoking no suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts associated with dermatitis, while female sex, rural residence, high BMI, performance, feelings sadness despair small increase. an 18-year, found that pre-pandemic start remained constant throughout could be explained mainly by large scale social political occurred

Language: Английский

---

Food Safety Knowledge and Practice in the Era of Dark Kitchens

BioMed Target Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 50 - 58

Published: June 30, 2024

Online ordering and food product sales are well-tolerated in many countries. Post-COVID-19, the business of online purchases has soared, home-based suppliers (dark kitchens) have become part this endeavor. This practice could impact quality safety products with risk adverse effects on human health arising from food-borne illnesses spoilage. The knowledge a random sample Mauritians locally produced processed items was investigated. Factors that influence purchase dark kitchens were also studied. Data collected 258 participants through survey questionnaire March 2022. Up to 99.2 % reported should adhere hazard analysis critical control points international standard operation guarantee quality. study indicated 45% respondents purchased kitchens. Inadequate scores for both noted. correlation between moderate (τ = 0.088; p 0.00). Furthermore, it observed kitchen' motivated by easy accessibility, quality, low prices. Food labels as an important characteristic general. However, practice, only 31% 27.1% site preparation factor when they decide purchase. aware hygienic practices, unsafe their importance standards. Yet, unchecked sources remain prominent. By fostering awareness understanding, behavioral changes among individuals be investigated, contributing overall improvement public preventing food-related illnesses.

Language: Английский

---

Assessment of the Knowledge of Healthcare Professionals on Nutrition and Diabetes Self-management in Type-2 Diabetes Treatment at a Health Facility in Tshwane, South Africa

The Open Public Health Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Background Diabetes mellitus remains an important non-communicable disease globally and is rapidly emerging as a major public health problem. The burden of the continues to rise, even in sub-Saharan Africa. Healthcare professionals often lack necessary skills lead patients through lifestyle modifications instead depend on pharmacological therapy. Recent studies advocate for integration innovative healthcare approaches promotion non-pharmacological treatment context broader education management diabetes other conditions. Aim Objectives This study aimed assess level knowledge nurses nutrition self-management treating with type 2 at community centre Tshwane district. Methods A cross-sectional was conducted amongst 53 nurses. standardized questionnaire modified collect data from working facility. Results Most lower scores were not aware DM guideline, p-value < 0.05. high score guideline well. Overall, CHC had diabetes. Conclusion showed notable gap pertaining Promoting adoption current guidelines encouraging continued professional development can effectively address disparities, particularly among limited experience diploma-level credentials.

Language: Английский

---

Nutritional content and healthiness in sweet and salty snacks and beverages popular in South Korea and the United States assessed by nutrition labels: a cross-sectional comparative study

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(6), P. 467 - 479

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Objectives: This study investigated the nutritional differences between sweet and salty snacks beverages in South Korea (Korea) United States (US). Nutritional content healthiness were determined using back- front-of-package nutrition labeling (FoPNL) systems.Methods: Three snack three beverage categories popular US selected. Statistical data used to determine top 10–15 best-selling products each category country. The selected included chips (n = 15), cookies 10), chocolate 13), carbonated drinks fruit juices/drinks 10, 5/5), energy 10). excluded that artificially sweetened. information percentages of vegetable product collected from brand websites grocery stores FoPNL system was assess products, which multiple traffic light labels, a Health Star Rating, Nutri-Score.Results: Overall, Korean contained significantly more protein, total fat, saturated cholesterol than snacks. However, sodium, while caffeine products. serving size larger drinks, whereas smaller classified majority as ‘less healthy.’Conclusion: Our results suggest food manufacturers should improve quality and/or commonly consumed Policymakers both countries work presentation ingredient nutrient on labels assist consumers making healthier choices.

Language: Английский

---