Exploring Cortical Interneurons in Substance Use Disorder: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Perspectives

The Neuroscientist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Interneurons (INs) play a crucial role in the regulation of neural activity within medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), brain region critically involved executive functions and behavioral control. In recent preclinical studies, dysregulation INs mPFC has been implicated pathophysiology substance use disorder, characterized by vulnerability to chronic drug use. Here, we explore diversity their connectivity roles addiction. We also discuss how these change over time with exposure. Finally, focus on noninvasive stimulation as therapeutic approach for targeting highlighting its potential restore circuits.

Language: Английский

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No effects of acute stress on monetary delay discounting: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Neurobiology of Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31, P. 100653 - 100653

Published: June 3, 2024

Many everyday decisions, including those concerning our health, finances and the environment, involve choosing between a smaller but imminent reward (e.g., €20 now) later larger €40 in month). The extent to which an individual prefers rewards over delayed can be measured using delay discounting tasks. Acute stress induces cascade of biological psychological responses with potential consequences for how individuals think about future, process rewards, make all impact discounting. Several studies have shown that focus more on under stress. These findings been used explain why detrimental choices acute Yet, evidence linking is equivocal. To address this uncertainty, we conducted meta-analysis 11 (14 effects) systematically quantify effects monetary Overall, find no effect discounting, compared control conditions (SMD = -0.18, 95% CI [-0.57, 0.20], p 0.32). We also neither gender/sex participants, type stressor physical vs. psychosocial) nor whether decisions were hypothetical or incentivized (i.e. actually paid out) moderated argue establishing separate processes involved such as valuation prospection, will help resolve inconsistencies field.

Language: Английский

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Modulation of stress-, pain-, and alcohol-related behaviors by perineuronal nets

Neurobiology of Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 100692 - 100692

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are a special form of central nervous system extracellular matrix enriched in hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, tenascins, and link proteins that regulate synaptic plasticity. Most PNNs the brain surround parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory interneurons, which tightly excitatory/inhibitory balance activity associated with optimal cognitive functioning. Alterations have been observed neurological diseases psychiatric disorders, suggesting they may be key contributors to neuropathological progression behavioral changes these diseases. Alcohol use disorder (AUD), major depressive (MDD), chronic pain highly comorbid conditions, animal models as well postmortem tissue from individuals diagnosed AUD MDD. This review focuses on literature describing stress-, alcohol-, pain-induced adaptations PNNs, potential cellular altered role behaviors related disorders. Medicines can restore non-pathological state novel therapeutic approach treating pain, AUD,

Language: Английский

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