The associations between evening eating and quality of energy and macronutrients and obesity: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003–2016

Nutrition Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

This study aimed to investigate the associations between evening eating and quality of energy macronutrients obesity among U.S. adults. adopted data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2016), which involved a total 27,911 participants. The differences in ratios with it is subgroups at dinner versus breakfast (ΔRatio) were categorized into quartiles. consumption 17 types food (ΔFoods) considered as continuous variables. Body mass index (BMI) waist circumference (WC) used define general (30.0 ≤ BMI < 40.0), morbid (BMI ≥ abdominal (WC > 102 cm for men or WC 88 women). Multiple logistic linear regression models developed. After variety covariates adjusted, participants highest quartile (higher energy/macronutrient intake than breakfast) ΔRatio terms positively associated compared those lowest (ORΔRatio 1.27; 95% CI 1.01;1.61) fat 1.27, 1.01;1.60); saturated fatty acids(ORΔRatio SFA 1.01;1.59) unsaturated acids USFA 1.28, 1.02;1.5). low-quality carbohydrates was increased odds 1.16; 95%CI 1.03–1.31). Moreover, significantly (coefficient: 0.562, CI: 0.217–0.907). ΔFoods, including whole fruits, other starchy vegetables, added sugars, poultry, dairy, nuts, obesity. In conclusion, this nationally representative sample U.S adults, demonstrated that excessive during day greater risk obesity, mainly carbohydrates, fat, SFAs, USFA. emphasized importance diet prevention

Language: Английский

Risk Factors and Prevention of Cancer and CVDs: A Chicken and Egg Situation

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 3083 - 3083

Published: April 29, 2025

Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the two primary causes of mortality worldwide. Although traditionally regarded as distinct pathologies, they share numerous pathophysiological mechanisms risk factors, including chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, obesity, metabolic dysregulation. Notably, several cancers have been identified closely linked to cardiovascular diseases, lung, breast, prostate, colorectal cancers, well hematological malignancies, such leukemia lymphoma. Additionally, renal pancreatic exhibit a significant association with complications, partly due shared factors cardiotoxic effects therapies. Addressing overlapping through lifestyle modifications—such regular physical activity, balanced diet, cessation smoking alcohol—has proven effective in reducing both CV oncological morbidity mortality. Furthermore, even patients established cancer, structured interventions targeting nutritional optimization, associated improved outcomes. Beyond modifications, pharmacological strategies play crucial role prevention diseases. Several medications, statins, aspirin, beta-blockers, metformin, pleiotropic that extend beyond their indications, demonstrating potential anti-neoplastic properties preclinical observational studies. Recently, novel therapeutic agents garnered attention for possible cardioprotective benefits. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), initially developed managing type 2 diabetes, shown protective effects, alongside emerging evidence modulating cancer-related pathways. Inclisiran, small interfering RNA PCSK9, effectively lowers LDL cholesterol may contribute risk, implications tumor biology. sacubitril/valsartan, an angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor, has revolutionized heart failure management by improving hemodynamic parameters exerting anti-inflammatory broader disease prevention. Given intricate interplay between CVD further research is essential clarify exact linking these conditions assessing therapies This review aims examine consider interventions, emphasize epidemiological mechanistic insights into intersection health.

Language: Английский