Program with last minute abstracts of the Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine, 27 February – 2 March, 2024 (2024Pdm3)

European Journal of Translational Myology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

During the 2023 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine 2024 meeting was scheduled from 28 February to 2 March (2024Pdm3). autumn program expanded with Scientific Sessions which will take place over five days (in this includes 29), starting afternoon of 27 in Conference Rooms Hotel Petrarca, Thermae Euganean Hills (Padua), Italy. As per consolidated tradition, second day Padua, for occasion Sala San Luca Monastery Santa Giustina Prato della Valle, Confirming attractiveness Medicine, 100 titles were accepted until 15 December (many more than expected), forcing organization parallel sessions both 1 2024. The include lectures oral presentations scientists clinicians Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Switzerland, UK USA. Only Australia, China, India Japan are missing edition. But we confident that authors those countries who publish articles PAGEpress: European Journal Translational Myology (EJTM: 2022 ESCI Clarivate's Impact Factor: 2.2; SCOPUS Cite Score: 3.2) decide join us coming years. Together established by 31 January 2024, abstracts circulate during only electronic version EJTM Issue 34 (1) See you soon person at Petrarca Montegrotto Terme, inauguration or on-line free via Zoom. Send your email address if not traditional participants listed Pdm3 books.

Language: Английский

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Age, Cognitive Task, and Arm Position Differently Affect Muscle Synergy Recruitment but have Similar Effects on Walking Balance

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 527, P. 11 - 21

Published: July 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Motor synergy and energy efficiency emerge in whole-body locomotion learning

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Humans exploit motor synergies for control; however, how they emerge during learning is not clearly understood. Few studies have dealt with the computational mechanism generating synergies. Previously, optimal control generated synergistic motion upper limb; it has yet been applied to high-dimensional whole-body system. We investigated emergence of through deep reinforcement locomotion tasks. carried out a joint-space synergy analysis on solutions walking and running agents in simulated environments. Although constraint was never encoded into reward function, emerged To investigate effect gait symmetry emergence, we varied weight level loss. Interestingly, increasing loss resulted increased energy efficiency synergetic patterns concurrently. These results illustrate correlation between synergy, efficiency, learning, reflecting that can generate highly redundant joint systems, similar human control. This suggests locomotor processes, complementing understanding mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Differences in ankle neuromuscular control between the preferred speed and fixed speeds during walking

IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 798 - 806

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Walking at the preferred speed, considered as a self-optimized gait pattern, is associated with improved energy conservation and cognitive abilities. However, neuromuscular mechanisms underlying benefits of walking speed remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine differences in ankle control between fixed speeds during walking. Eighteen healthy young adults were recruited perform overground barefoot prefer-matched (PMCS), slower (1, 2, 3 4 km/h) faster (5 6 km/h). Muscle synergies intermuscular coherence calculated using surface electromyography (EMG) signals muscles. Results showed that exhibited one less muscle synergy higher 8-42 Hz than PMCS. Additionally, slow performed more weaker couplings plantar flexors 26-60 speeds. Our results demonstrate an impact on walking, which might influence consumption brain resource occupation. Besides, comparable modular characteristics muscles, provide suggestions for experimental settings when examining individuals' natural features.

Language: Английский

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Optimization of modularity during development to simplify walking control across multiple steps

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Introduction Walking in adults relies on a small number of modules, reducing the degrees freedom that needs to be regulated by central nervous system (CNS). While walking toddlers seems also involve modules when considering averaged or single-step data, produce high amount variability across strides, and extent which this interacts with modularity remains unclear. Methods Electromyographic activity from 10 bilateral lower limb muscles was recorded both ( n = 12) over 8 gait cycles. Toddlers were while independently being supported an adult. This condition implemented assess if motor persisted reduced balance constraints, suggesting potential origin rather than reliance peripheral regulations. We used non-negative matrix factorization model underlying modular command Space-by-Time Decomposition method, without averaging compared organization during multiple strides. Results more variable conditions (i.e. independent adult) required significantly account for their greater stride-by-stride variability. Activations these varied strides less parsimonious adults, even diminished constraints. Discussion The findings suggest control locomotion evolves between toddlerhood adulthood as organism develops practices. Adults seem able generate several toddlers. persistence constraints lowered suggests link ability explore corrective mechanisms. In conclusion, capacity new walkers flexibly activate broader range possible actions, though distinguishing non-modular inputs challenging.

Language: Английский

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Generating variability from motor primitives during infant locomotor development

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 31, 2023

Motor variability is a fundamental feature of developing systems allowing motor exploration and learning. In human infants, leg movements involve small number basic coordination patterns called locomotor primitives, but whether when could emerge from these primitives remains unknown. Here we longitudinally followed 18 infants on 2-3 time points between birth (~4 days old) walking onset (~14 months recorded the activity their muscles during or rhythmic movements. Using unsupervised machine learning, show that structure trial-to-trial changes early development. neonatal period, own minimal generate maximal across trials thanks to variable activations primitives. A few later, toddlers significantly less despite existence more due regularity within activation. These results suggest neonates initiate as soon by variably activating later fraction become consistently activated system.Human babies start walk they are about one year old, before that, can move legs produce ‘stepping’, where take steps held over surface; kicking, kick in air lying backs. two behaviors known ‘locomotor precursors’ be observed birth. Previous studies different modules nervous system – each combination movement. However, exhibit lot move, which hallmark typical development furthers exploring So far, it has been unclear such differences arise born if so, how result this variability. Hinnekens et al. hypothesized great variety generated set several cycles flexing extending considered. To test hypothesis, researchers first needed establish do used electromyography record muscle either movement resulting body displacement (locomotor movement) measurements were taken at three timepoints walking. Next, scientists state-of-the-art learning approach model neural basis underlying recordings, showed newborns variability, so combine ways. also get older, increases while decreases steady activation primitive. Cerebral plasticity life, regularly learn new skills, leading ability perform believed play an important role process decreased atypical As such, examining may promising tool identify neurodevelopmental delays younger ages.

Language: Английский

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Motor patterns of patients with spinal muscular atrophy suggestive of sensory and corticospinal contributions to the development of locomotor muscle synergies

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131(2), P. 338 - 359

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Complex locomotor patterns are generated by combination of muscle synergies. How genetic processes, early sensorimotor experiences, and the developmental dynamics neuronal circuits contribute to expression synergies remains elusive. We shed light on factors that influence development studying subjects with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA, types II/IIIa), a disorder associated degeneration deafferentation motoneurons possibly motor cortical cerebellar abnormalities, from which afflicted would have atypical histories around typical walking onset. Muscle children SMA were identified electromyographic signals recorded during active-assisted leg motions or walking, compared those age-matched controls. found earlier onset age, more different normative. These alterations could not just be explained degrees uneven motoneuronal losses across muscles. The SMA-specific had activations in muscles multiple limb compartments, finding reminiscent neonatal typically developing infants. Overall, while shared between control may reflect components core modular infrastructure determined life, developmentally immature arise inadequate activity-dependent interneuronal sculpting due abnormal experience other factors. Other mechanisms including SMA-induced intraspinal changes altered cortical-spinal interactions also synergy changes. Our interpretation highlights roles sensory descending systems modules.

Language: Английский

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Design of Low-Cost Modular Bioinspired Electric-Pneumatic Actuator (EPA) Driven Legged Robots

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Exploring the fundamental mechanisms of locomotion extends beyond mere simulation and modeling. It necessitates utilization physical test benches to validate hypotheses regarding real-world applications locomotion. This study introduces cost-effective modular robotic platforms designed specifically for investigating intricacies control strategies. Expanding upon our prior research in Electric-Pneumatic Actuation (EPA), we present mechanical electrical designs latest developments EPA robot series. These include Jumper, a human-sized segmented monopod robot, its extension Walker, bipedal robot. Both replicate human weight inertia distributions, featuring co-actuation through motors pneumatic artificial muscles. low-cost platforms, with considerations degrees freedom redundant actuation, 1) provide opportunities different locomotor subfunctions— stance, swing, balance; 2) help investigate role actuation schemes tasks such as hopping walking; 3) allow testing biological locomotors benches.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling age-related impairment of the neuromuscular system: exploring biomechanical and neurophysiological perspectives

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 22, 2023

With extended life expectancy, the quality of elders is a priority. Loss mobility, increased morbidity and risks falls have dramatic individual societal impacts. Here we consider age-related modifications gait, from biomechanical neurophysiological perspective. Among many factors frailty involved (e.g., metabolic, hormonal, immunological), loss muscle strength neurodegenerative changes inducing slower contraction may play key role. We highlight that impact multifactorial in neuromuscular systems results common features gait immature infants older adults. Besides, also reversibility deterioration by, on one hand, exercise training, other novel techniques such as direct spinal stimulation (tsDCS).

Language: Английский

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Muscle Activity during Passive and Active Movements in Preterm and Full-Term Infants

Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 724 - 724

Published: May 15, 2023

Manifestation of muscle reactions at an early developmental stage may reflect the processes underlying generation appropriate tone, which is also integral part all movements. In preterm infants, some aspects muscular development occur differently than in infants born term. Here we evaluated manifestations tone by measuring responses to passive stretching (StR) and shortening (ShR) both upper lower limbs (at corrected age from 0 weeks 12 months), compared them those reported our previous study on full-term infants. a subgroup participants, assessed spontaneous activity during episodes relatively large limb The results showed very frequent StR ShR, muscles not being primarily stretched/shortened, A reduction sensorimotor lengthening with suggests excitability and/or acquisition functionally first year life. alterations active movements were seen months, perhaps reflecting temporal changes networks.

Language: Английский

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