Linking the multiple-demand cognitive control system to human electrophysiological activity
Neuropsychologia,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 109096 - 109096
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
The
multiple-demand
(MD)
network
serves
as
a
core
system
for
domain-general
cognitive
control,
with
robust
activation
increased
demand
across
diverse
tasks.
While
fMRI
studies
have
characterised
the
MD
network's
role
in
demand,
linking
these
findings
to
electrophysiological
activity
remains
critical
challenge.
This
article
discusses
potential
of
oscillatory
and
aperiodic
neural
bridge
this
gap.
Although
recent
meta-analyses
highlight
mid-frontal
theta
power
marker
task
its
localised
spatial
distribution,
limited
cross-task
generalisability,
confounds
from
components
limit
ability
fully
represent
network.
In
contrast,
activity,
particularly
broadband
power,
has
emerged
strong
candidate
indexing
due
decoding
performance
generalisability
response
demands,
overlap
regions.
Aperiodic
may
reflect
fundamental
properties,
such
spiking
rates
excitation/inhibition
(E/I)
balance,
is
scale-free
exists
modalities,
positioning
it
promising
mechanism
underpinning
control
that
links
Meanwhile,
multiplexed
low-frequency
oscillations
(e.g.,
delta
theta)
implement
inter-regional
synchronisation
within
network,
enabling
large-scale
coordination
between
subregions
supports
control.
Together,
proposes
hypothetical
framework
responses:
potentially
reflecting
population-level
support
regions,
while
synchronisations
mediate
connectivity
Language: Английский
EEG Time-Frequency Dynamics of Early Cognitive Control Development
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 101548 - 101548
Published: March 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Task-induced 1/f slope modulation as a paradigm-independent marker of cognitive control in multiple sclerosis
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 18, 2025
Abstract
Multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
is
a
chronic
neuro-degenerative
and
inflammatory
disease
causing
motor,
sensory,
cognitive
deficits,
including
impairments
in
working
memory
attention.
These
deficits
may
arise
from
an
imbalance
between
excitatory
inhibitory
neural
activity
due
to
synaptic
loss.
Recent
studies
suggest
that
the
aperiodic
1/f
slope,
marker
reflecting
excitation/inhibition
(E/I)
balance,
could
serve
as
biomarker
for
control.
This
study
examines
slope
modulation
during
tasks
people
with
MS
healthy
controls
investigate
its
potential
paradigm-independent
of
We
analyzed
Magnetoencephalography
(MEG)
data
collected
126
participants:
44
(HCs),
61
not
treated
benzodiazepines
(pwMS(BZDn)),
21
pwMS
(pwMS(BZDp)).
Participants
performed
auditory
oddball
task
visual-verbal
n-back
task.
After
preprocessing
MEG
data,
we
used
FOOOF
algorithm
extract
power
spectral
densities
across
42
cortical
parcels.
Through
this
analysis,
observed
significant
increases
following
stimulus
onset
all
types,
more
pronounced
non-standard
stimuli
(targets
distractors),
especially
within
temporal
cortex.
Group
comparisons
revealed
less
pwMS(BZDp)
compared
HCs
distractor
stimuli,
indicating
impaired
control
linked
benzodiazepine
treatment.
Positive
correlations
were
pwMS(BZDn),
highlighting
consistent,
mechanism.
Taken
together,
these
findings
demonstrate
sensitive,
E/I
balance.
Reduced
response
distractors
among
highlights
benzodiazepine-related
disruptions
processes
underlying
deficits.
underscore
value
measures
deepen
understanding
potentially
guide
therapeutic
interventions
targeting
MS.
Highlights
The
was
significantly
modulated
types
multiple
(pwMS).
(distractor
target)
than
standard
stimuli.
Healthy
showed
larger
(suggesting
inhibition)
trials
target
while,
pattern
reversed
pwMS.
correlated
visuospatial
memory,
measured
by
BVMT-R,
benzodiazepines.
further
previously
described
strong
(r=0.4-0.6,
p<0.001)
paradigms.
Language: Английский
Predictive distractor processing relies on integrated proactive and reactive attentional mechanisms
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 19, 2025
Abstract
Visual
attention
is
shaped
by
statistical
regularities
in
the
environment,
with
spatially
predictable
distractors
being
proactively
suppressed.
The
neural
mechanisms
underpinning
this
suppression
remain
poorly
understood.
In
study,
we
employed
magnetoencephalography
(MEG)
and
multivariate
decoding
analysis
to
investigate
how
predicted
distractor
locations
are
processed
human
brain.
Male
female
participants
engaged
a
learning
visual
search
task
that
required
them
identify
target
stimulus
while
ignoring
colour-singleton
distractor.
Critically,
appeared
more
frequently
on
one
side
of
field,
creating
an
implicit
spatial
prediction.
Our
results
revealed
were
encoded
temporo-occipital
brain
regions
prior
presentation
array,
supporting
hypothesis
proactive
guides
away
from
distractors.
activity
patterns
corresponding
pre-search
processing
extended
post-search
during
late
attentional
stages
(∼200
ms),
suggesting
integrated
suppressive
mechanism.
Notably,
generalization
pre-
post-
phases
was
absent
early
sensory
(∼100
not
merely
continuation
sustained
processing,
but
involves
re-engagement
same
mechanism
at
distinct
stages.
These
findings
establish
mechanistic
link
between
reactive
distractors,
demonstrating
both
shared
unique
contributions
selection.
Language: Английский