Optogenetic Generation of Neural Firing Patterns with Temporal Shaping of Light Pulses DOI Creative Commons
Himanshu Bansal,

Gur Pyari,

Sukhdev Roy

et al.

Photonics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(5), P. 571 - 571

Published: May 13, 2023

The fundamental process of information processing and memory formation in the brain is associated with complex neuron firing patterns, which can occur spontaneously or be triggered by sensory inputs. Optogenetics has revolutionized neuroscience enabling precise manipulation neuronal activity patterns specified neural populations using light. However, light pulses used optogenetics have been primarily restricted to square waveforms. Here, we present a detailed theoretical analysis temporal shaping optogenetic excitation hippocampal neurons neocortical fast-spiking interneurons expressed ultrafast (Chronos), fast (ChR2), slow (ChRmine) channelrhodopsins. Optogenetic studied different shapes that include square, forward-/backward ramps, triangular, left-/right-triangular, Gaussian, left-/right-Gaussian, positive-sinusoidal, left-/right-positive sinusoidal. Different result significantly photocurrent amplitudes kinetics, spike-timing, spontaneous rate. For short duration stimulations, left-Gaussian pulse results larger ChR2 Chronos than same energy density. Time peak each opsin minimum at right-Gaussian pulse. optimal width achieve for non-square 10 ms Chronos, 50 ChRmine. evoke spike minimized on choosing Gaussian ChR2, positive-sinusoidal demonstrate waveforms generate more naturalistic spiking compared traditional pulses. These findings provide valuable insights development new strategies better simulate manipulate brain, potential improve our understanding cognitive processes treatment neurological disorders.

Language: Английский

Signal propagation in complex networks DOI
Peng Ji, Jiachen Ye, Yu Mu

et al.

Physics Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1017, P. 1 - 96

Published: April 5, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

187
The emergence and influence of internal states DOI Creative Commons
Steven W. Flavell, Nadine Gogolla, Matthew Lovett-Barron

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(16), P. 2545 - 2570

Published: May 27, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

148
Network statistics of the whole-brain connectome of Drosophila DOI Creative Commons
Albert Lin, Runzhe Yang, Sven Dorkenwald

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 634(8032), P. 153 - 165

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Functional imaging and quantification of multineuronal olfactory responses in C. elegans DOI Creative Commons
Albert Lin, Shanshan Qin, Helena Casademunt

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(9)

Published: March 1, 2023

Many animals perceive odorant molecules by collecting information from ensembles of olfactory neurons, where each neuron uses receptors that are tuned to recognize certain with different binding affinity. Olfactory systems able, in principle, detect and discriminate diverse odorants using combinatorial coding strategies. We have combined microfluidics multineuronal imaging study the ensemble-level representations at sensory periphery nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . The collective activity C. chemosensory neurons reveals high-dimensional across a broad space molecules. reveal tuning properties dose-response curves odorants. describe unique contribution an code for volatile show natural stimuli, set pheromones, also encoded ensemble. integrated contains sufficient robustly encode intensity identity chemical stimuli.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Network Statistics of the Whole-Brain Connectome ofDrosophila DOI Creative Commons
Albert Lin, Runzhe Yang, Sven Dorkenwald

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 29, 2023

Abstract Brains comprise complex networks of neurons and connections. Network analysis applied to the wiring diagrams brains can offer insights into how support computations regulate information flow. The completion first whole-brain connectome an adult Drosophila , largest date, containing 130,000 millions connections, offers unprecedented opportunity analyze its network properties topological features. To gain local connectivity, we computed prevalence two- three-node motifs, examined their strengths neurotransmitter compositions, compared these metrics with other animals. We discovered that fly brain displays rich club organization, a large population (30% percent connectome) highly connected neurons. identified subsets may serve as integrators or broadcasters signals. Finally, subnetworks based on 78 anatomically defined regions neuropils. These data products are shared within FlyWire Codex will foundation for models experiments exploring relationship between neural activity anatomical structure.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Network inference from short, noisy, low time-resolution, partial measurements: Application to C. elegans neuronal calcium dynamics DOI Creative Commons
Amitava Banerjee, Sarthak Chandra, Edward Ott

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(12)

Published: March 16, 2023

Network link inference from measured time series data of the behavior dynamically interacting network nodes is an important problem with wide-ranging applications, e.g., estimating synaptic connectivity among neurons measurements their calcium fluorescence. methods typically begin by using to assign any given ordered pair a numerical score reflecting likelihood directed between those two nodes. In typical cases, may be subject limitations, including limited duration, low sampling rate, observational noise, and partial nodal state measurement. However, it unknown how performance techniques on such datasets depends these experimental limitations acquisition. Here, we utilize both synthetic generated coupled chaotic systems as well obtained Caenorhabditis elegans neural activity systematically assess influence character scores node pair. We do this for three techniques: Granger causality, transfer entropy, and, machine learning-based method. Furthermore, ability appropriate surrogate determine statistical confidence levels associated results link-inference techniques.

Language: Английский

Citations

16
The enigmatic HCN channels: A cellular neurophysiology perspective DOI Creative Commons
Poonam Mishra, Rishikesh Narayanan

Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 93(1), P. 72 - 92

Published: Nov. 19, 2023

Abstract What physiological role does a slow hyperpolarization‐activated ion channel with mixed cation selectivity play in the fast world of neuronal action potentials that are driven by depolarization? That puzzling question has piqued curiosity physiology enthusiasts about cyclic nucleotide‐gated (HCN) channels, which widely expressed across body and especially neurons. In this review, we emphasize need to assess HCN channels from perspective how they respond time‐varying signals, while also accounting for their interactions other co‐expressing receptors. First, illustrate unique structural functional characteristics allow them mediate negative feedback loop neurons express in. We present several implications response including gain, voltage sag rebound, temporal summation, membrane potential resonance, inductive phase lead, spike triggered average, coincidence detection. Next, argue overall impact on critically relies Interactions intrinsic oscillations, earning “pacemaker channel” moniker, regulate frequency adaptation, plateau potentials, neurotransmitter release presynaptic terminals, initiation at axonal initial segment. explore spatially non‐homogeneous subcellular distributions different subtypes Finally, discuss plasticity is prevalent can encoding, homeostatic, neuroprotective functions neuron. summary, form an important class diversity owing gating kinetics made puzzle first place.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Downstream network transformations dissociate neural activity from causal functional contributions DOI Creative Commons
Kayson Fakhar, Shrey Dixit, Fatemeh Hadaeghi

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Abstract Neuroscientists rely on distributed spatio-temporal patterns of neural activity to understand how units contribute cognitive functions and behavior. However, the extent which reliably indicates a unit's causal contribution behavior is not well understood. To address this issue, we provide systematic multi-site perturbation framework that captures time-varying contributions elements collectively produced outcome. Applying our intuitive toy examples artificial networks revealed recorded may be generally informative their due transformations within network. Overall, findings emphasize limitations inferring mechanisms from activities offer rigorous lesioning for elucidating contributions.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
The COMBO window: A chronic cranial implant for multiscale circuit interrogation in mice DOI Creative Commons
Bradley J. Edelman, Dominique Siegenthaler,

Paulina Wanken

et al.

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. e3002664 - e3002664

Published: June 3, 2024

Neuroscientists studying the neural correlates of mouse behavior often lack access to brain-wide activity patterns elicited during a specific task interest. Fortunately, large-scale imaging is becoming increasingly accessible thanks modalities such as Ca2+ and functional ultrasound (fUS). However, these other techniques involve challenging cranial window procedures are difficult combine with neuroscience tools. We address this need an open-source 3D-printable implant-the COMBO (ChrOnic Multimodal Behavioral Observation) window. The enables chronic large portions brain in head-fixed mice while preserving orofacial movements. validate stability using both fUS multisite two-photon imaging. Moreover, we demonstrate how facilitates combination optogenetics, fUS, electrophysiology same animals study effects circuit perturbations at single-neuron level. Overall, provides versatile solution for performing multimodal recordings mice.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Building and integrating brain-wide maps of nervous system function in invertebrates DOI Creative Commons
Talya S. Kramer, Steven W. Flavell

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 86, P. 102868 - 102868

Published: April 3, 2024

The selection and execution of context-appropriate behaviors is controlled by the integrated action neural circuits throughout brain. However, how activity coordinated across brain regions, nervous system structure enables these functional interactions, remain open questions. Recent technical advances have made it feasible to build brain-wide maps function, such as maps, connectomes, cell atlases. Here, we review recent progress in this area, focusing on C. elegans D. melanogaster, work has produced global systems. We also describe circuit motifs elucidated studies specific networks, which highlight complexities that must be captured accurate models whole-brain function.

Language: Английский

Citations

5