Safety and effectiveness of vaccines against COVID-19 in children aged 5–11 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(6), P. 379 - 391

Published: April 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Tracking the COVID-19 vaccines: The global landscape

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2023

COVID-19, a respiratory infectious disease, occurs due to Severe acute syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Millions of individuals around the world have been impacted by illness, which has gravely threatened human health. The development and active involvement varied vaccines against COVID-19 played great relieving role in controlling life-threatening disease. Both conventional advanced vaccine platforms are available now develop COVID-19. Therefore, present systematic review focuses on global landscape their current status. Among vaccines, virus like particles (VLPs), subunit DNA, RNA-based viral vector-based inactivated live-attenuated major contenders currently various phase clinical trials. Protein subunit, non-replicating used majorly. Nevertheless, utilized clinically world. trials revealed that most local or systemic effects after vaccination efficacy SARS-CoV-2 its variants. However, further studies necessary refine technology minimize adverse improve safety efficacy.Abbreviations COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; SARS-CoV-2: coronavirus-2; VLPs: Virus particles; WHO: World Health Organization; E: Envelope; M: Membrane; S: Spike; N: Nucleocapsid; PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses; FDA: Food Drug Administration; LNP: lipid-nanoparticle; AZD1222: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19; BNT162b2: Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine; mRNA-1273: Moderna Ad26.COV2.S: Johnson – Janssen’s Gam-COVID-Vac: Sputnik Vaccine; NVX-CoV2373: Novavax with Matrix-M™ adjuvant.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac in children and adolescents against SARS-CoV-2 infection during Omicron BA.2 wave in Hong Kong

Communications Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Abstract Background The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 subvariant replaced BA.1 globally in early 2022, and caused an unprecedented tsunami of cases Hong Kong, resulting the collapse elimination strategy. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) BNT162b2 CoronaVac against is unclear. Methods We utilize ecological design incorporating population-level vaccine coverage statistics territory-wide case-level infection surveillance data, investigate VE during wave between January 1 to April 19, Kong for children adolescents. Results estimate be 33.0% dose aged 5–11 40.8% 2 doses 3–11. also 54.9% BNT162b2, 55.0% adolescents 12–18. Conclusions Our findings support partly preserved by variants concerns settings with extremely low levels prior circulation.

Language: Английский

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The effect of COVID-19 vaccine to the Omicron variant in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 10, 2024

Background Omicron (B.1.1.529), a variant of SARS-CoV-2, has emerged as dominant strain in COVID-19 pandemic. This development raised concerns about the effectiveness vaccination to Omicron, particularly context children and adolescents. Our study evaluated efficacy different regimens adolescents during epidemic phase. Methods We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Web Science, Embase electronic databases for studies published through March 2023 on association between vaccine (VE) against SARS-CoV-2 infection at period. The outcomes included mild severe COVID-19. followed Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses guidelines was prospectively registered PROSPERO (CRD42023390481). Results A total 33 involving 16,532,536 were analysis. First, aged 0–19 years, overall VE is 45% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 40 50%). Subgroup analysis phase dosage demonstrated that 50% CI: 44 55%) 2-dose 61% 45 73%) booster vaccination. Upon further showed 41% 35 47%) 71% 60 79%) In addition, exhibited gradual decrease over time, with significant decline before after 90 days following vaccination, registering 54% 48 59%) 34% 21 56%), respectively. Conclusion During epidemic, provided protection years. Two doses can provide effective COVID-19, additionally enhancing VE.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccines versus pediatric hospitalization

Cell Reports Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 100936 - 100936

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Vaccine effectiveness of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac against COVID-19-associated hospitalization moderate-to-severe disease due to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 is studied from the 1.36 million doses administered 766,601 953,400 children aged 3-11 years adolescents 12-18 in Hong Kong as April 2022. These vaccines confer substantial protection.

Language: Английский

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Population-Based Clinical Studies Using Routinely Collected Data in Hong Kong, China: A Systematic Review of Trends and Established Local Practices

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Background: Routinely collected health data are increasingly used in clinical research. No study has systematically reviewed the temporal trends number of publications and analyzed different aspects local research practices their variations Hong Kong, China, with a specific focus on ethics governance approval. Methods: PubMed was searched from its inception to March 28, 2023, for studies using routinely healthcare Kong. Results: A total 454 were included. Between 2000 2009, 32 identified. The increased 5 120 between 2010 2022. Of investigator-led Hospital Authority (HA)’s cross-cluster (n = 393), 327 (83.2%) reported receiving approval single cluster/university-based REC, whereas 50 (12.7%) did not report REC. For use HA Data Collaboration Lab, by hospital-based or University-based REC is accepted. Repeated submission identical applications RECs estimated cost HK$4.2 million yearly. Conclusions: Most gaining cluster before retrieval data. Substantial savings would result if repeated review required.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of Monovalent mRNA Vaccines Against Omicron XBB Infection in Singaporean Children Younger Than 5 Years

JAMA Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 177(12), P. 1324 - 1324

Published: Oct. 16, 2023

Literature on vaccine effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines for children younger than 5 years is limited.

Language: Английский

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Hesitancy, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the mRNA and whole-virus inactivated Covid-19 vaccines in pediatric neuromuscular diseases

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2023

The mRNA-based BNT162b2 and inactivated whole-virus CoronaVac are two widely used COVID-19 vaccines that confer immune protection to healthy individuals. However, hesitancy toward vaccination appeared be common for patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) due the paucity of data on safety efficacy in this high-risk patient population. Therefore, we examined underlying factors associated vaccine across time NMDs assessed reactogenicity immunogenicity these vaccines. Patients aged 8–18 years no cognitive delay were invited complete surveys January April 2022. 2–21 enrolled between June 2021 2022, they recorded adverse reactions (ARs) 7 days after vaccination. Peripheral blood was obtained before within 49 measure serological antibody responses compared children adolescents. Forty-one completed both timepoints, while 22 joined arm study. Two or more family members vaccinated against positively intention (odds ratio 11.7, 95% CI 1.81–75.1, p = .010). Pain at injection site, fatigue, myalgia commonest ARs. Most ARs mild (75.5%, n 71/94). All 19 seroconverted wildtype SARS-CoV-2 doses either vaccine, similar 280 counterparts. There lower neutralization Omicron BA.1 variant. safe immunogenic NMDs, even those low-dose corticosteroids.

Language: Английский

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Dilemmas and options for COVID-19 vaccination in children

˜The œItalian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 49(1)

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Over 16 million children have been detected positive for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in United States since outbreak of pandemic. In general, infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome type 2 tend to lighter symptoms than adults. However, some cases, infection can develop into forms, such as multisystem inflammatory children. Moreover, long-term public health preventive interventions had negative effects on physical and mental Given important role that vaccination plays reducing illness mortality, it is essential efficient implementation pediatric population. Nevertheless, parental distrust vaccination, especially regard its safety efficacy, hinders this process. Herein, we comprehensively summarize available data effectiveness COVID-19 vaccine The results show currently approved safe effective Although two doses seem insufficient prevent Omicron infection, booster dose provides enhanced protection against illness. Most importantly, bivalent has use population extend immune response circulating variant. And afforded newborns after maternal appears last only 6 months. Therefore, current situation where rate virus mutation accelerating pandemic still severe, crucial over months age weave a tighter net.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy, Effectiveness, and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine Compared to Placebo in Preventing COVID-19 Infection among 12-17 Years Old: A Systematic Review

Acta Medica Philippina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(7)

Published: April 30, 2024

Objectives. The World Health Organization recently revised their recommendations and considered healthy children adolescents as low priority group for COVID-19 vaccine. This review comprehensively assessed existing clinical evidence on vaccine in 12-17 years old. Methods. Included this were any type of study that investigated the efficacy, immunogenicity, safety, effectiveness protection against SARS-COV-2 infection Various electronic databases searched up to March 15, 2023. Studies screened, data extracted, risk bias appraised, certainty was judged using GRADE. Review Manager 5.4 used estimate pooled effects. Difference between two groups described mean difference continuous variables relative or odds ratio categorical variables. Results. There six randomized controlled trials 16 studies (8 cohorts 8 case control). Low showed BNT162b2 (Pfizer) effective, immunogenic, safe adolescents. 15 adolescent one immunocompromised patients. It protective with variants, higher Delta than Omicron. is hospitalization emergency urgent care (high certainty); critical MIS-C (low). Very noted BNT 162b2 also immunogenic 12-21 old rheumatic diseases while immunomodulatory treatment but possible increased exacerbation illness. demonstrated mRNA-1273 (Moderna) safe. very safety immunogenicity vector base vaccines (ChAdOx1-19 Ad5 COVID vaccine) inactivated (CoronaVac BBIBP CorV). Conclusion. presently use RNA Therecommendation its weak. insufficient andvector-based vaccines. Different countries should consider whether vaccinate adolescentwithout comprising other recommended immunization health priorities are crucial agegroup. Other factors including cost-effectiveness vaccination disease burden be accounted.

Language: Английский

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