Hierarchical NiCo₂S₄ Nanowire Arrays Supported on Ni Foam: An Efficient and Durable Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 26(26), P. 4661 - 4672

Published: April 9, 2016

A recent approach for solar‐to‐hydrogen generation has been water electrolysis using efficient, stable, and inexpensive bifunctional electrocatalysts within strong electrolytes. Herein, the direct growth of 1D NiCo 2 S 4 nanowire (NW) arrays on a 3D Ni foam (NF) is described. This NW/NF array functions as an efficient electrocatalyst overall splitting with excellent activity stability. The 3D‐Ni facilitates directional growth, exposing more active sites catalyst electrochemical reactions at electrode–electrolyte interface. binder‐free, self‐made electrode delivers hydrogen production current density 10 mA cm –2 overpotential 260 mV oxygen evolution reaction 210 (versus reversible electrode) in 1 m KOH. highly stable enables preparation alkaline electrolyzer that could deliver under cell voltage 1.63 V. Because nonprecious‐metal foam‐based electrodes afford vigorous continuous both H O 1.68 V, generated solar panel, they appear to be promising devices large‐scale generation.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances on the removal of dyes from wastewater using various adsorbents: a critical review

Materials Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(14), P. 4497 - 4531

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

This review is focused on the origin of dye pollutants, their ecotoxicological effects and adsorptive removal using various types adsorbents.

Language: Английский

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Satellite Remote Sensing of Surface Urban Heat Islands: Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 48 - 48

Published: Dec. 29, 2018

The surface urban heat island (SUHI), which represents the difference of land temperature (LST) in relativity to neighboring non-urban surfaces, is usually measured using satellite LST data. Over last few decades, advancements remote sensing along with spatial science have considerably increased number and quality SUHI studies that form major body (UHI) literature. This paper provides a systematic review satellite-based studies, from their origin 1972 present. We find an exponentially increasing trend research since 2005, clear preferences for geographic areas, time day, seasons, foci, platforms/sensors. most frequently studied region period are China summer daytime, respectively. Nearly two-thirds focus on SUHI/LST variability at local scale. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM)/Enhanced (ETM+)/Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) Terra/Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) two commonly-used sensors account about 78% total publications. systematically reviewed main satellite/sensors, methods, key findings, challenges research. Previous confirm large (local global scales) temporal (diurnal, seasonal, inter-annual) variations contributed by variety factors such as impervious area, vegetation cover, landscape structure, albedo, climate. However, applications largely impeded series data methodological limitations. Lastly, we propose potential directions opportunities future efforts. Besides improving quantity data, more attention should be focused understudied regions/cities, methods examine intensity, inter-annual long-term trends SUHI, scaling issues relationship between subsurface UHIs, integration field observations numeric modeling.

Language: Английский

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Detail review on chemical, physical and green synthesis, classification, characterizations and applications of nanoparticles

Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 223 - 245

Published: July 2, 2020

Nanotechnology is an emerging field of science. The base nanotechnology nanoparticles. size nanoparticles ranges from 1 to 100 nm. are classified into different classes such as inorganic nanoparticles, organic ceramic and carbon further metal oxide nanoparticles.similarly Fullerene, Carbon nanotubes, Graphene, nanofiber black Nanoparticles also on the basis dimension one two-dimension three-dimension synthesized by using two approaches like top-down approach bottom-up approach. In this review chemical, physical green synthesis reported. qualitative quantitative techniques. Qualitative techniques include Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X.ray diffraction (XRD) Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Quantitative Transmission Electron (TEM), Annular Dark-Field Imaging (HAADF) Intracranial pressure (ICP). have application which reported in review.

Language: Английский

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Review on the current status of polymer degradation: a microbial approach

Bioresources and Bioprocessing, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: March 23, 2017

Inertness and the indiscriminate use of synthetic polymers leading to increased land water pollution are great concern. Plastic is most useful polymer, employed in wide range applications viz. packaging industries, agriculture, household practices, etc. Unpredicted towards accumulation solid waste natural environment. This affects system creates various environmental hazards. Plastics seen as an threat because they difficult degrade. review describes occurrence distribution microbes that involved degradation both polymers. Much interest generated by existing plastics using microorganisms. It seems biological agents their metabolic enzymes can be exploited a potent tool for polymer degradation. Bacterial fungal species abundant found nature have distinct abilities Among huge microbial population associated with degradation, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, stutzeri, Streptomyces badius, setonii, Rhodococcus ruber, Comamonas acidovorans, Clostridium thermocellum Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens dominant bacterial species. Similarly, Aspergillus niger, flavus, Fusarium lini, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus Mucor rouxii prevalent

Language: Английский

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How biochar works, and when it doesn't: A review of mechanisms controlling soil and plant responses to biochar

GCB Bioenergy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 1731 - 1764

Published: July 27, 2021

Abstract We synthesized 20 years of research to explain the interrelated processes that determine soil and plant responses biochar. The properties biochar its effects within agricultural ecosystems largely depend on feedstock pyrolysis conditions. describe three stages reactions in soil: dissolution (1–3 weeks); reactive surface development (1–6 months); aging (beyond 6 months). As ages, it is incorporated into aggregates, protecting carbon promoting stabilization rhizodeposits microbial products. Biochar persists for hundreds thousands years. By increasing pH, porosity, water availability, biochars can create favorable conditions root functions. Biochars catalyze biotic abiotic reactions, particularly rhizosphere, increase nutrient supply uptake by plants, reduce phytotoxins, stimulate development, resilience disease environmental stressors. Meta‐analyses found that, average, P availability a factor 4.6; decrease tissue concentration heavy metals 17%–39%; build organic through negative priming 3.8% (range −21% +20%); non‐CO 2 greenhouse gas emissions from 12%–50%. show average crop yield increases 10%–42% with addition, greatest low‐nutrient P‐sorbing acidic soils (common tropics), sandy drylands due retention holding capacity. Studies report wide range diversity contexts which have been applied. Crop yields strongly if site‐specific constraints limitations are mitigated appropriate formulations. be tailored address site selection, modifying conditions, pre‐ or post‐production treatments, co‐application mineral fertilizers. demonstrate how, when used wisely, mitigates climate change supports food security circular economy.

Language: Английский

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Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by sewage sludge-derived biochar: Adsorption kinetics, equilibrium, thermodynamics and mechanism

Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 601 - 611

Published: Dec. 24, 2016

Language: Английский

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Machine Learning in Drug Discovery: A Review

Artificial Intelligence Review, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(3), P. 1947 - 1999

Published: Aug. 11, 2021

Language: Английский

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The role of city size and urban form in the surface urban heat island

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: June 30, 2017

Urban climate is determined by a variety of factors, whose knowledge can help to attenuate heat stress in the context ongoing urbanization and change. We study influence city size urban form on Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon Europe find complex interplay between UHI intensity size, fractality, anisometry. Due correlations among these interactions multi-linear regression need be taken into account. that largest 5,000 cities, increases with logarithm fractal dimension, but decreases Typically, has strongest influence, followed compactness, smallest degree which cities stretch. Accordingly, from point view alleviation, small, disperse, stretched are preferable. However, such recommendations balanced against e.g. positive agglomeration effects large cities. Therefore, trade-offs must made regarding local global aims.

Language: Английский

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A simplified urban-extent algorithm to characterize surface urban heat islands on a global scale and examine vegetation control on their spatiotemporal variability

International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 269 - 280

Published: Oct. 6, 2018

Language: Английский

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