Ivermectin for preventing and treating COVID-19

Cochrane library, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2024(3)

Published: June 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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Deep mutational scanning of H5 hemagglutinin to inform influenza virus surveillance

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. e3002916 - e3002916

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

H5 influenza is considered a potential pandemic threat. Recently, viruses belonging to clade 2.3.4.4b have caused large outbreaks in avian and multiple nonhuman mammalian species. Previous studies identified molecular phenotypes of the viral hemagglutinin (HA) protein that contribute humans, including cell entry, receptor preference, HA stability, reduced neutralization by polyclonal sera. However, prior experimental work has only measured how these are affected handful >10,000 different possible amino-acid mutations HA. Here, we use pseudovirus deep mutational scanning measure all affect each phenotype. We identify allow better bind α2-6-linked sialic acids show some already carry stabilize also sera from mice ferrets vaccinated against or infected with viruses. These antigenic maps enable rapid assessment when new strains acquired may create mismatches candidate vaccine virus, mutation present recent HAs causes change. Overall, systematic nature combined safety pseudoviruses enables comprehensive measurements phenotypic effects can inform real-time interpretation variation observed during surveillance influenza.

Language: Английский

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Inhibitors of nuclear transport

Current Opinion in Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 50 - 60

Published: Feb. 28, 2019

Language: Английский

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Ivermectin as a potential COVID-19 treatment from the pharmacokinetic point of view: antiviral levels are not likely attainable with known dosing regimens

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 34(1), P. 469 - 474

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

The broad-spectrum antiparasitic agent ivermectin has been very recently found to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and proposed as a candidate for drug repurposing COVID-19. In the present report antiviral activity end-points are analyzed from pharmacokinetic perspective. available data clinically relevant excessive dosing studies indicate that inhibitory concentrations not likely be attainable humans.

Language: Английский

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Surveillance of European Domestic Pig Populations Identifies an Emerging Reservoir of Potentially Zoonotic Swine Influenza A Viruses

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 28(4), P. 614 - 627.e6

Published: July 27, 2020

Language: Английский

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Antivirals Against Coronaviruses: Candidate Drugs for SARS-CoV-2 Treatment?

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Aug. 13, 2020

Coronaviruses (CoVs) is a group of viruses from family Coronaviridae which can infect human and animals, causing mild to severe diseases. The ongoing pandemic the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) represents global threat, urging into development new therapeutic strategies. Here we presented selection relevant compounds, 2005 up now, with in vitro and/or vivo antiviral activities against animal CoVs. We also compounds that have reached clinical trials, as well further discuss potentiality other molecules towards their application (re)emergent CoVs outbreaks. Finally, through rationalization data herein presented, wish encourage research encompassing these potential SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates.

Language: Английский

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Ivermectin to prevent hospitalizations in patients with COVID-19 (IVERCOR-COVID19) a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: July 2, 2021

Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has changed our lives. The scientific community been investigating re-purposed treatments to prevent disease progression in (COVID-19) patients. Objective To determine whether ivermectin treatment can hospitalization individuals with early COVID-19. Design, setting and participants: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted non-hospitalized COVID-19 Corrientes, Argentina. Patients SARS-CoV-2 positive nasal swabs were contacted within 48 h by telephone invite them participate. trial randomized 501 patients between August 19th 2020 February 22nd 2021. Intervention ( N = 250) or placebo 251) arms a staggered dose, according the patient’s weight, for days. Main outcomes measures efficacy of hospitalizations evaluated as primary outcome. We secondary relationship safety other end points. Results mean age 42 years (SD ± 15.5) median time since symptom onset inclusion 4 days [interquartile range 3–6]. outcome met 14/250 (5.6%) group 21/251 (8.4%) (odds ratio 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.32–1.31; p 0.227). Time not statistically different groups. from enrollment invasive mechanical ventilatory support (MVS) 5.25 1.71) 10 2) group, 0.019). There no significant differences including polymerase chain reaction test negativity outcomes. Limitations Low percentage events, dose only high-risk population. Conclusion Ivermectin had effect on preventing who received required MVS earlier their treatment. No observed any Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04529525 .

Language: Английский

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Current Strategies of Antiviral Drug Discovery for COVID-19

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: May 13, 2021

SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the family of enveloped, single-strand RNA viruses known as Betacoronavirus in Coronaviridae, first reported late 2019 China. It has since been circulating world-wide, causing COVID-19 epidemic with high infectivity and fatality rates. As beginning April 2021, pandemic infected more than 130 million people led 2.84 deaths. Given severity epidemic, scientists from academia industry are rushing identify antiviral strategies combat disease. There several drugs for coronaviruses including empirical testing drugs, large-scale phenotypic screening compound libraries target-based drug discovery. To date, an increasing number have shown anti-coronavirus activities vitro vivo, but only remdesivir neutralizing antibodies approved by US FDA treating COVID-19. However, remdesivir's clinical effects controversial new still urgently needed. We will discuss current status discovery efforts against potential future directions. With ever-increasing movability human population globalization world economy, emerging reemerging viral infectious diseases seriously threaten public health. Particularly past ongoing outbreaks cause respiratory, enteric, hepatic neurological animals (Woo et al., 2009). The coronavirus (HCoV) strains (HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1) usually common cold mild, self-limiting upper respiratory tract infections. By contrast, emergence three deadly betacoronaviruses, middle east syndrome (MERS) (Zaki 2012), severe acute (SARS-CoV) (Lee 2003), (Jin 2020a) highlight need treatment is etiological agent disease named World Health Organization (WHO) (Zhu N. 2020). This manifests either asymptomatic infection or a mild pneumonia. causes extent morbidity mortality whole world, especially regions out Similar SARS MERS, CoV-2 genome encodes four structural proteins, sixteen non-structural proteins (nsp) accessory proteins. include spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), nucleoprotein (N). glycoprotein directly recognizes engages cellular receptors during entry. papain-like protease (PLpro), 3-chymotrypsin-like (3CLpro), helicase, RNA-dependent polymerase (RdRp) key enzymes involved transcription replication. were considered attractive targets develop agents (Zumla 2016). catalytic sites SARS-CoV2 share similarities CoV MERS genomic sequences (Morse Besides, structures drug-binding pockets highly conserved among Therefore, it follows naturally that existing anti-SARS-CoV anti-MERS targeting these can be repurposed SARS-CoV-2. Based on previous studies SARS-CoV MERS-CoV, anticipated therapeutics used control prevent (Li de Clercq, 2020; Wang 2020c; Ita, 2021), small-molecule peptides, monoclonal antibodies. urgency outbreak, here we development based which derived.

Language: Английский

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Clinical study evaluating the efficacy of ivermectin in COVID‐19 treatment: A randomized controlled study

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 93(10), P. 5833 - 5838

Published: June 2, 2021

Abstract Researchers around the world are working at record speed to find best ways treat and prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). This study aimed evaluate efficacy of ivermectin for treatment hospitalized mild moderate COVID‐19 infected patients. was a randomized open‐label controlled that included 164 patients with COVID‐19. Patients were into two groups where Group 1 (Ivermectin group) who received 12 mg once daily 3 days standard care 2 (control protocol alone 14 days. The main outcomes mortality, length hospital stay, need mechanical ventilation. All followed up month. Overall, 82 individuals receive plus alone. in group had shorter stay (8.82 ± 4.94 days) than control (10.97 5.28 days), but this not statistically significant ( p = 0.085). Three (3.7%) each required ventilation 1.00). death rate three versus four (4.9%) without any difference between Although there no endpoints by doses (12 mg/day days); an observed trend reducing ivermectin‐treated group.

Language: Английский

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Ivermectin, antiviral properties and COVID-19: a possible new mechanism of action

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 393(7), P. 1153 - 1156

Published: May 27, 2020

Language: Английский

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