Exposure to Static and Extremely-Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and Cellular Free Radicals

Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 38(4), P. 231 - 248

Published: Aug. 26, 2019

This paper summarizes studies on changes in cellular free radical activities from exposure to static and extremely-low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMF), particularly magnetic fields. Changes activities, including levels of reactive oxygen (ROS)/nitrogen (RNS) species endogenous antioxidant enzymes compounds that maintain physiological concentrations cells, is one the most consistent effects EMF exposure. These have been reported affect many functions such as DNA damage; immune response; inflammatory cell proliferation differentiation; wound healing; neural electrical activities; behavior. An important consideration EMF-induced radicals differentiation. processes could cancer development proper growth organisms. On other hand, they cause selective killing for instance, via generation highly cytotoxic hydroxyl by Fenton Reaction. provides a possibility using these non-invasive low side-effect therapy. Static- ELF-EMF probably play roles evolution living They are cues used critical survival functions, foraging, migration, reproduction. Living organisms can detect respond immediately environmental Free involved some mechanisms. At this time, there no credible hypothesis or mechanism adequately explain all observed static- processes. We actually at impasse more questions than answers.

Language: Английский

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Disruption of Magnetic Compass Orientation in Migratory Birds by Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields

Biophysical Journal, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 113(7), P. 1475 - 1484

Published: Oct. 1, 2017

Language: Английский

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The sensitivity of a radical pair compass magnetoreceptor can be significantly amplified by radical scavengers

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Sept. 11, 2017

Birds have a remarkable ability to obtain navigational information from the Earth's magnetic field. The primary detection mechanism of this compass sense is uncertain but appears involve quantum spin dynamics radical pairs formed transiently in cryptochrome proteins. We propose here new version current model which spin-selective recombination pair not essential. One two radicals imagined react with paramagnetic scavenger via electron transfer. By means simulations cryptochrome-inspired pairs, we show that scheme offers clear and important benefits. sensitivity 50 {\mu}T field greatly enhanced and, unlike model, can be more than 2 nm apart magnetoreceptor protein. latter animal cryptochromes tetrad (rather triad) tryptophan donors still expected viable as sensors. Lifting restriction on rate reaction also detrimental effects inter-radical exchange dipolar interactions minimised by placing much further model.

Language: Английский

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Viability of superoxide-containing radical pairs as magnetoreceptors

The Journal of Chemical Physics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 151(22)

Published: Dec. 9, 2019

The ability of night-migratory songbirds to sense the direction Earth’s magnetic field is increasingly attributed a photochemical mechanism in which acts on transient radical pairs cryptochrome flavoproteins located birds’ eyes. magnetically sensitive species commonly assumed be [FAD•− TrpH•+], formed by sequential light-induced intraprotein electron transfers from chain tryptophan residues flavin adenine dinucleotide chromophore. However, some evidence points superoxide, O2•−, as an alternative partner for radical. absence hyperfine interactions O2•− could lead more compass, but only if spin relaxation much slower than normally expected small mobile with orbitally degenerate electronic ground state. In this study we use dynamics simulations model sensitivity flavin-superoxide pair 50 μT field. By varying parameters that characterize local environment and molecular radicals, identify highly restrictive conditions under O2•−-containing form basis geomagnetic compass sensor. We conclude involvement superoxide magnetoreception must remain speculative until further experimental forthcoming.

Language: Английский

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Cryptochrome mediated magnetic sensitivity in Arabidopsis occurs independently of light-induced electron transfer to the flavin

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(3), P. 341 - 352

Published: Feb. 17, 2020

Language: Английский

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Protein-protein interaction of the putative magnetoreceptor cryptochrome 4 expressed in the avian retina

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: April 30, 2020

Abstract Migratory birds can sense the Earth’s magnetic field and use it for orientation over thousands of kilometres. A light-dependent radical-pair mechanism associated with visual system is currently discussed as underlying compass sense. The blue light receptor cryptochrome 4 (Cry4) considered most likely primary sensory protein that detects geomagnetic field. Since interaction partners Cry4 are completely unknown at present, here, we aim to identify potential candidate in avian retina. We used yeast-two-hybrid screen cDNA libraries possible European robin. UAS-GAL yeast two hybrid was applied confirm a group partners. Six proteins were found be particularly promising candidates interacting robin Cry4. identified genes code guanine nucleotide-binding G(t) subunit alpha-2 (GNAT2), long-wavelength-sensitive opsin (LWS, also called iodopsin), gamma 10 (GNG10), potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily V member 2 (KCNV2), retinol binding 1 (RBP1) retinal G protein-coupled (RGR). All known expressed vertebrate retinae different species. conclude by discussing putative signalling pathways could connect one or more these 6 candidates.

Language: Английский

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Genetic effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields

Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 40(2), P. 264 - 273

Published: Feb. 4, 2021

This is a review of the research on genetic effects non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF), mainly radiofrequency radiation (RFR) and static extremely low frequency EMF (ELF-EMF). The majority studies are genotoxicity (e.g., DNA damage, chromatin conformation changes, etc.) gene expression. Genetic depend various factors, including parameters characteristics (frequency, intensity, wave-shape), cell type, exposure duration. types expression affected genes involved in cycle arrest, apoptosis stress responses, heat-shock proteins) consistent with findings that causes damages. Many reported cells animals after to at intensities similar those public occupational environments. mechanisms by which induced basically unknown. Involvement free radicals likely possibility. also interacts synergistically different entities functions. Interactions, particularly chemotherapeutic compounds, raise possibility using as an adjuvant for cancer treatment increase efficacy decrease side traditional drugs. Other data, such adaptive mitotic spindle aberrations exposure, further support notion living organisms.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Biological Effects of Weak Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields: Frequency–Amplitude Efficiency Windows and Possible Mechanisms

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(13), P. 10989 - 10989

Published: July 1, 2023

This review covers the phenomenon of resonance-like responses biological systems to low-frequency magnetic fields (LFMF). The historical development this branch magnetobiology, including most notable biophysical models that explain LFMF with a specific frequency and amplitude, is given. Two groups can be distinguished among these models: one considers ion-cofactors proteins as primary targets for influence, other regards moments particles in biomolecules. Attention paid dependence effects on cell type. A radical-pair mechanism field’s influence biochemical processes described example cryptochrome. Conditions mechanism’s applicability are model radical pairs oscillators, which frequency–amplitude efficiency windows LFMF, proposed.

Language: Английский

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Magnetocarcinogenesis: is there a mechanism for carcinogenic effects of weak magnetic fields?

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 285(1879), P. 20180590 - 20180590

Published: May 23, 2018

Extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetic fields have been classified as possibly carcinogenic, mainly based on rather consistent epidemiological findings suggesting a link between childhood leukaemia and 50–60 Hz from power lines. However, causality is not the only possible explanation for associations, animal in vitro experiments provided limited support carcinogenic effects of ELF fields. Importantly, there no generally accepted biophysical mechanism that could explain such effects. In this review, we discuss possibility are radical pair (RPM), which seems to be involved magnetoreception birds certain other animals, allowing navigation geomagnetic field. We review current understanding RPM magnetoreception, cryptochromes putative magnetosensitive molecules their links cancer-relevant biological processes. then propose hypothesis explaining leukaemia, strengths weaknesses evidence, make proposals further research.

Language: Английский

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Chemical compass behaviour at microtesla magnetic fields strengthens the radical pair hypothesis of avian magnetoreception

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Aug. 16, 2019

The fact that many animals, including migratory birds, use the Earth's magnetic field for orientation and compass-navigation is fascinating puzzling in equal measure. physical origin of these phenomena has not yet been fully understood, but arguably most likely hypothesis based on radical pair mechanism (RPM). Whilst theoretical framework RPM well-established, experimental investigations have conducted at fields several orders magnitude stronger than Earth's. Here we transient absorption spectroscopy to demonstrate a pronounced orientation-dependence response molecular triad system region relevant avian magnetoreception. chemical compass exhibits properties an inclination as found birds. results underline feasibility also provide further guidelines design operation exploitable systems.

Language: Английский

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