ACS Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(8), P. 5375 - 5396
Published: April 6, 2023
Carbon
and
nitrogen
fixation
strategies
are
regarded
as
alternative
routes
to
produce
valuable
chemicals
used
energy
carriers
fertilizers
that
traditionally
obtained
from
unsustainable
energy-intensive
coal
gasification
(CO
CH4),
Fischer–Tropsch
(C2H4),
Haber–Bosch
(NH3)
processes.
Recently,
the
electrocatalytic
CO2
reduction
reaction
(CO2RR)
N2
(NRR)
have
received
tremendous
attention,
with
merits
of
being
both
efficient
store
renewable
electricity
while
providing
preparation
fossil-fuel-driven
reactions.
To
date,
development
CO2RR
NRR
processes
is
primarily
hindered
by
competitive
hydrogen
evolution
(HER);
however,
corresponding
for
inhibiting
this
undesired
side
still
quite
limited.
Considering
such
complex
reactions
involve
three
gas–liquid–solid
phases
successive
proton-coupled
electron
transfers,
it
appears
meaningful
review
current
improving
product
selectivity
in
light
their
respective
mechanisms,
kinetics,
thermodynamics.
By
examining
developments
understanding
catalyst
design,
electrolyte
engineering,
three-phase
interface
modulation,
we
discuss
key
NRR:
(i)
targeting
molecularly
defined
active
sites,
(ii)
increasing
local
reactant
concentration
at
(iii)
stabilizing
confining
intermediates.
ACS Energy Letters,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
1(6), P. 1149 - 1153
Published: Nov. 8, 2016
The
electrolysis
of
CO2
to
syngas
(CO
+
H2)
using
nonprecious
metal
electrocatalysts
was
studied
in
bipolar
membrane-based
electrochemical
cells.
Electrolysis
carried
out
aqueous
bicarbonate
and
humidified
gaseous
on
the
cathode
side
cell,
with
Ag
or
Bi/ionic
liquid
electrocatalysts.
In
both
cases,
stable
currents
were
observed
over
a
period
hours
an
alkaline
electrolyte
NiFeOx
electrocatalyst
anode
cell.
contrast,
performance
cells
degraded
rapidly
when
conventional
anion-
cation-exchange
membranes
used
place
membrane.
agreement
earlier
reports,
Faradaic
efficiency
for
reduction
CO
high
at
low
overpotential.
liquid-phase
membrane
about
50%
30
mA/cm2
current
density.
gas-phase
densities
up
200
could
be
obtained,
albeit
lower
production.
At
overpotentials
production
initially
but
dropped
within
1
h,
most
likely
because
dewetting
ionic
from
Bi
catalyst
surface.
effective
management
protons
enables
operation
possibility
practical
densities.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
55(23), P. 6771 - 6775
Published: April 21, 2016
Abstract
Methanol
is
a
very
useful
platform
molecule
and
liquid
fuel.
Electrocatalytic
reduction
of
CO
2
to
methanol
promising
route,
which
currently
suffers
from
low
efficiency
poor
selectivity.
Herein
we
report
the
first
work
use
Mo‐Bi
bimetallic
chalcogenide
(BMC)
as
an
electrocatalyst
for
reduction.
By
using
BMC
on
carbon
paper
electrode
1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium
tetrafluoroborate
in
MeCN
electrolyte,
Faradaic
could
reach
71.2
%
with
current
density
12.1
mA
cm
−2
,
much
higher
than
best
result
reported
date.
The
superior
performance
resulted
excellent
synergistic
effect
Mo
Bi
producing
methanol.
reaction
mechanism
was
proposed
reason
discussed
basis
some
control
experiments.
This
opens
way
produce
efficiently
by
electrochemical
.
Journal of Materials Chemistry A,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
5(18), P. 8230 - 8246
Published: Jan. 1, 2017
Electrochemical
conversion
of
CO2has
attracted
attention
worldwide
since
this
process
can
convert
carbon
dioxide
to
a
wide
range
value-added
chemicals.
This
reaction
required
the
development
efficient
electrocatalysts
and
fundamental
understanding
kinetics
thermodynamics
overcome
current
challenges.
Chemical Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12(17), P. 6048 - 6058
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
Electrocatalytic
C-N
coupling
reaction
by
co-activation
of
both
N2
and
CO2
molecules
under
ambient
conditions
to
synthesize
valuable
urea
opens
a
new
avenue
for
sustainable
development,
while
the
actual
catalytic
activity
is
limited
poor
adsorption
capability
gas
on
catalyst
surface.
Herein,
theoretical
calculation
predicts
that
well-developed
built-in
electric
field
in
perovskite
hetero-structured
BiFeO3/BiVO4
hybrids
can
accelerate
local
charge
redistribution
thus
promote
targeted
activation
inert
generated
electrophilic
nucleophilic
regions.
Thus,
heterojunction
designed
synthesized,
which
delivers
yield
rate
4.94
mmol
h-1
g-1
with
faradaic
efficiency
17.18%
at
-0.4
V
vs.
RHE
0.1
M
KHCO3,
outperforming
highest
values
reported
as
far.
The
comprehensive
analysis
further
confirms
effectively
suppresses
CO
poisoning
formation
endothermic
*NNH
intermediate,
guarantees
exothermic
*N[double
bond,
length
m-dash]N*
intermediates
via
reactions
form
precursor
*NCON*
intermediate.
This
work
effective
electrocatalytic
conditions.
ChemPhysChem,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
20(22), P. 2926 - 2935
Published: Oct. 10, 2019
Abstract
The
electrochemical
reduction
of
CO
2
to
fuels
or
commodity
chemicals
is
a
reaction
high
interest
for
closing
the
anthropogenic
carbon
cycle.
role
electrolyte
particular
interest,
as
interplay
between
electrocatalytic
surface
and
plays
an
important
in
determining
outcome
reaction.
Therefore,
insights
on
effects
are
pivotal
designing
devices
that
able
efficiently
selectively
convert
into
valuable
products.
Here,
we
provide
overview
recently
obtained
discuss
how
these
can
be
used
design
parameters
construction
new
systems.
ACS Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
6(9), P. 6265 - 6274
Published: Aug. 11, 2016
Copper–indium
catalysts
have
recently
shown
promising
performance
for
the
selective
electrochemical
reduction
of
CO2
to
CO.
In
this
work,
we
prepared
Cu–In
nanoalloys
by
in
situ
CuInO2
and
In2O3-supported
Cu
nanoparticles
found
that
structure
these
evolves
substantially
over
several
electrocatalytic
cycles,
parallel
with
an
increase
activity
selectivity
CO
evolution.
By
combining
measurements
ex
characterization
techniques,
such
as
XRD,
STEM,
elemental
mapping,
XPS,
show
behavior
is
caused
segregation
copper
indium
materials,
resulting
formation
a
heterogeneous
nanostructure
Cu-rich
cores
embedded
within
In(OH)3
shell-like
matrix.
The
evolved
high
at
moderate
overpotential
(i.e.,
jCO
>
1.5
mA
cm–2
−0.6
V
vs
RHE).
We
removal
from
nanostructures
decreases
catalysts,
particularly
terms
toward
CO,
which
then
recovers
reappearance
hydroxide
following
re-equilibration
material.
On
other
hand,
In(OH)3-supported
catalyst
exhibits
current
efficiency
comparable
without
need
equilibration
stage,
indicating
plays
crucial
role
favoring
production
electrocatalysts.
These
findings
shed
light
on
link
between
architecture
materials
their
underscore
potential
nonreducible
hydroxides
act
promoters
electrocatalysis.