Marine litter plastics and microplastics and their toxic chemicals components: the need for urgent preventive measures

Environmental Sciences Europe, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: April 17, 2018

Persistent plastics, with an estimated lifetime for degradation of hundreds years in marine conditions, can break up into micro- and nanoplastics over shorter timescales, thus facilitating their uptake by biota throughout the food chain. These polymers may contain chemical additives contaminants, including some known endocrine disruptors that be harmful at extremely low concentrations biota, posing potential risks to ecosystems, biodiversity availability. Although there is still need carry out focused scientific research fill knowledge gaps about impacts plastic litter environment (Wagner et al. Environ Sci Eur 26:9, 2014), chain human health, existing evidence concerns are already sufficient support actions scientific, industry, policy civil society communities curb ongoing flow plastics toxic chemicals they environment. Without immediate strong preventive measures, environmental economic costs set only become worse, even short term. Continued increases production consumption, combined wasteful uses, inefficient waste collection infrastructures insufficient management facilities, especially developing countries, mean achieving established objectives reductions remains a huge challenge, one unlikely met without fundamental rethink ways which we consume plastics. This document was prepared working group Regional Centres Stockholm Basel Conventions related colleagues intended background discussion 2017 Conference Parties (COP) Convention on hazardous wastes persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The COP finally approved issue could dealt its consistently report activities matter next COP's meetings.

Language: Английский

---

Bioindicators for monitoring marine litter ingestion and its impacts on Mediterranean biodiversity

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 237, P. 1023 - 1040

Published: Nov. 20, 2017

Language: Английский

---

Microplastics and the gut microbiome: How chronically exposed species may suffer from gut dysbiosis

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 143, P. 193 - 203

Published: April 28, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Plastic Debris Occurrence, Convergence Areas and Fin Whales Feeding Ground in the Mediterranean Marine Protected Area Pelagos Sanctuary: A Modeling Approach

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: May 31, 2017

The Mediterranean Sea is greatly affected by marine litter. In this area, research on the impact of plastic debris (including microplastics) biota, particularly large filter-feeding species such as fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), still in its infancy. We investigated possible overlap between microplastic, mesoplastic and macrolitter accumulation areas feeding grounds a pelagic Specially Protected Area Importance (SPAMI): Pelagos Sanctuary. Models ocean circulation potential habitat were merged to compare litter with presence whales. Additionally, field data microplastics, mesoplastics abundance cetacean simultaneously collected. resulting compared, multi-layer, simulated distribution concentration model. These showed high occurrence microplastics (mean: 0.082 items/m2, STD ± 0.079 items/m2) spatial agreed our modelling results. Areas microplastic density significantly overlapped macroplastic density. most abundant polymer detected all sampling sites was polyethylene (PE), suggesting fragmentation larger packaging items primary source. To knowledge, first study Sanctuary which has been confirmed observations. hot spots an important contribution for risk assessment exposure microplastics.

Language: Английский

---

Marine mammals and microplastics: A systematic review and call for standardisation

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 269, P. 116142 - 116142

Published: Nov. 28, 2020

Microplastics receive significant societal and scientific attention due to increasing concerns about their impact on the environment human health. Marine mammals are considered indicators for marine ecosystem health many species of conservation concern a multitude anthropogenic stressors. may be vulnerable microplastic exposure from environment, via direct ingestion sea water, indirect uptake prey. Here we present first systematic review literature microplastics mammals, composing 30 studies in total. The majority examined gastrointestinal tracts beached, bycaught or hunted cetaceans pinnipeds, found that were all but one study, abundance varied between 0 88 particles per animal. Additionally, pinniped scats (faeces) detected eight out ten studies, with incidences ranging 0% animals 100%. Our highlights considerable methodological reporting deficiencies differences among papers, making comparisons extrapolation across difficult. We suggest best practices avoid these issues future studies. In addition empirical quantified scat, (all focussing cetaceans) tried estimate risk using two main approaches; i) overlaying (water prey) cetacean habitat ii) proposing biological chemical biomarkers exposure. discuss advice research into mammals. This work indicator will provide valuable comparable information future.

Language: Английский

---

A review of data for quantifying human exposures to micro and nanoplastics and potential health risks

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 756, P. 144010 - 144010

Published: Nov. 24, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Sentinel species selection for monitoring microplastic pollution: A review on one health approach

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 109587 - 109587

Published: Oct. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Microplastics in plant-soil ecosystems: A meta-analysis

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 308, P. 119718 - 119718

Published: July 6, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Field measurements reveal exposure risk to microplastic ingestion by filter-feeding megafauna

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Abstract Microparticles, such as microplastics and microfibers, are ubiquitous in marine food webs. Filter-feeding megafauna may be at extreme risk of exposure to microplastics, but neither the amount nor pathway microplastic ingestion well understood. Here, we combine depth-integrated data from California Current Ecosystem with high-resolution foraging measurements 191 tag deployments on blue, fin, humpback whales quantify plastic rates routes exposure. We find that baleen predominantly feed depths 50–250 m, coinciding highest measured concentrations pelagic ecosystem. Nearly all (99%) is predicted occur via trophic transfer. predict fish-feeding less exposed than krill-feeding whales. Per day, a krill-obligate blue whale ingest 10 million pieces microplastic, while likely ingests 200,000 microplastic. For species struggling recover historical whaling alongside other anthropogenic pressures, our findings suggest cumulative impacts multiple stressors require further attention.

Language: Английский

---

Global environmental and toxicological data of emerging plasticizers: current knowledge, regrettable substitution dilemma, green solution and future perspectives

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(10), P. 5635 - 5683

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The global plasticizer market is projected to increase from $17 billion in 2022 $22.5 2027.

Language: Английский

---