Liquid Metal–Elastomer Soft Composites with Independently Controllable and Highly Tunable Droplet Size and Volume Loading DOI
Ravi Tutika, Steven Kmiec, A. Haque

et al.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(19), P. 17873 - 17883

Published: April 22, 2019

Soft composites are critical for soft and flexible materials in energy harvesting, actuators, multifunctional devices. One emerging approach to create is through the incorporation of liquid metal (LM) droplets such as eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) highly deformable elastomers. The microstructure systems their performance; however, current lack control particle size at diverse volume loadings. Here, we present a fabrication metal-elastomer with independently controllable tunable droplet (100 nm ≤ D 80 μm) loading (0 ϕ 80%). This achieved combination shear mixing sonication concentrated LM/elastomer emulsions subsequent dilution homogenization tune LM loading. These characterized utilizing dielectric spectroscopy supported by analytical modeling, which shows high relative permittivity 60 (16× unfilled elastomer) composite = 80%, low tan δ 0.02, significant dependence on minor size. Temperature response stability determined using temperature frequency sweeps DSC. results demonstrate wide phase (crystallizing <-85 °C < 20 μm). Additionally, all electrically insulating across (0.1 Hz-10 MHz) (-70 100 °C) ranges even up 80%. We highlight benefit creating all-soft-matter stretchable capacitive sensors sensitivity. further integrated into wearable sensing glove where identify different objects during grasping motions. work enables programmable robotics electronics flexibility functional critical.

Language: Английский

Multifunctional materials for implantable and wearable photonic healthcare devices DOI
Geon‐Hui Lee, Hanul Moon, Hyemin Kim

et al.

Nature Reviews Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 149 - 165

Published: Jan. 7, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

554
Liquid Metal Composites DOI Creative Commons
Sen Chen, Hongzhang Wang, Ruiqi Zhao

et al.

Matter, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(6), P. 1446 - 1480

Published: June 1, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

435
Attributes, Fabrication, and Applications of Gallium‐Based Liquid Metal Particles DOI Creative Commons
Yiliang Lin, Jan Genzer, Michael D. Dickey

et al.

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(12)

Published: April 22, 2020

This work discusses the attributes, fabrication methods, and applications of gallium-based liquid metal particles. Gallium-based metals combine metallic fluidic properties at room temperature. Unlike mercury, which is toxic has a finite vapor pressure, gallium possesses low toxicity effectively zero pressure temperature, makes it amenable to many applications. A variety methods produce particles with variable sizes, ranging from nm mm (which upper limit set by capillary length). The nature enables methods-such as microfluidics sonication-that are not possible solid materials. possess several notable including metal-metal oxide (liquid-solid) core-shell structure well ability self-heal, merge, change shape. They also have unusual phase behavior that depends on size no known commercial applications, but they show promise for drug delivery, soft electronics, microfluidics, catalysis, batteries, energy harvesting, composites. Existing challenges future opportunities discussed herein.

Language: Английский

Citations

339
Liquid Metal‐Based Transient Circuits for Flexible and Recyclable Electronics DOI
Teng Long,

Shichao Ye,

Stephan Handschuh‐Wang

et al.

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(11)

Published: Jan. 29, 2019

Abstract Transient electronics, arising electronic devices with dissolvable or degradable features on demand, is still at an early stage of development due to the limited choices materials and strategies. Herein, a facile fabrication method for transient circuits by combination room‐temperature liquid metals (RTLMs) as circuit water‐soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) packaging material reported. The as‐made exhibit remarkable durability stable electric performance upon bending twisting, while possessing short transience times, owing excellent solubility PVA substrates intrinsic flexibility RTLM patterns. Moreover, RTLM‐based shows extremely high recycling efficiency, up 96% employed can be recovered. As such, economic environmental viability electronics increases substantially. To validate this concept, surface patterning RTLMs complicated shapes demonstrated, antenna subsequently applied passive near‐field communication tag capacitive touch sensor. application sequentially turning off array light‐emitting‐diode lamps also demonstrated. present PVA‐encapsulated substantially expand scope toward flexible recyclable systems.

Language: Английский

Citations

269
Antibacterial Liquid Metals: Biofilm Treatment via Magnetic Activation DOI
Aaron Elbourne, Samuel Cheeseman, Paul Atkin

et al.

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 802 - 817

Published: Jan. 10, 2020

Antibiotic resistance has made the treatment of biofilm-related infections challenging. As such, quest for next-generation antimicrobial technologies must focus on targeted therapies to which pathogenic bacteria cannot develop resistance. Stimuli-responsive represent an alternative technological due their capability delivering treatment. This study provides a proof-of-concept investigation into use magneto-responsive gallium-based liquid metal (LM) droplets as antibacterial materials, can physically damage, disintegrate, and kill pathogens within mature biofilm. Once exposed low-intensity rotating magnetic field, LM become actuated transform shape, developing sharp edges. When placed in contact with bacterial biofilm, movement particles resulting from coupled presence nanosharp edges, ruptures cells dense biofilm matrix is broken down. The efficacy magnetically activated was assessed against both Gram-positive Gram-negative biofilms. After 90 min over 99% species became nonviable, destruction biofilms observed. These results will impact design next-generation, LM-based treatments.

Language: Английский

Citations

258
3D printing of functional microrobots DOI
Jinhua Li, Martin Pumera

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(4), P. 2794 - 2838

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

3D printing can enable the customized design and fabrication of microrobots for a wide range functional applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

252
Conductance-stable liquid metal sheath-core microfibers for stretchy smart fabrics and self-powered sensing DOI Creative Commons
Zheng Lijing, Miaomiao Zhu, Baohu Wu

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(22)

Published: May 28, 2021

Coaxial wet-spinning is used to fabricate stretchable liquid metal sheath-core microfibers with consistently high conductance.

Language: Английский

Citations

246
Liquid Metal Based Soft Robotics: Materials, Designs, and Applications DOI
Xuelin Wang, Rui Guo, Jing Liu

et al.

Advanced Materials Technologies, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 4(2)

Published: Dec. 13, 2018

Abstract Emerging classes of soft robotics with flexible actuation, intelligent sensibility, and biomimetic functionality are driving significant advances in academic researches commercial applications. Such new generation relies heavily on important breakthroughs matter engineering actuation systems. Unlike conventional rigid robots, robots generally have unique sporting styles manufacturing strategies. Recently, a series newly developed materials—gallium‐based liquid metals (LMs) found to display dramatical roles making machines their unusual properties robotic self‐driven field. With superior merits both high stretchability electroconductivity over materials, LM is increasingly innovated as sensors actuators constructing robots. Typical enabled summarized interpreted, herein, special focus the principles objects, preparation methods electronics for applications biomedicines together consideration key challenges facing LM‐based its future prospects.

Language: Английский

Citations

218
Magnetic Liquid Metal (Fe‐EGaIn) Based Multifunctional Electronics for Remote Self‐Healing Materials, Degradable Electronics, and Thermal Transfer Printing DOI Creative Commons
Rui Guo, Xuyang Sun, Bo Yuan

et al.

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 6(20)

Published: Aug. 22, 2019

Flexible materials with the ability to be bent, strained, or twisted play a critical role in soft robots and stretchable electronics. Although tremendous efforts are focused on developing new excellent stability, inevitable mechanical damage due long term deformation is still an urgent problem tackled. Here, magnetic healing method based Fe-doped liquid metal (Fe-GaIn) conductive ink via noncontact way proposed. Further, multifunctional flexible electronics designed combined performances of superior remote self-healing under field, water-degradable, thermal transfer printing, which attribute three parts including Fe-GaIn ink, degradable PVA substrate, adhesive fructose. The as-made light emitting diodes (LED) circuit demonstrated both structural functional repairing after single multipoint damage. time from pretty fast within 10 s. Due water-soluble film, recycling process simple immersing into water. Through heating, electric fructose can transferred other substrate high efficiency, broadens practical applications present system. novel hold great promise for electronics, transient robots.

Language: Английский

Citations

216
Liquid metal batteries for future energy storage DOI
Shilin Zhang, Ye Liu, Qining Fan

et al.

Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 4177 - 4202

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

A succinct but critical survey of the recent progress in LMBs is presented, comprising their intriguing electrode chemistries, underlying electrochemical behaviors with various electrolytes, and sophisticated electrode–electrolyte interfaces context most research development.

Language: Английский

Citations

206