Hydrogen production by PEM water electrolysis – A review

Materials Science for Energy Technologies, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. 442 - 454

Published: March 29, 2019

Hydrogen is the most efficient energy carrier. can be obtained from different sources of raw materials including water. Among many hydrogen production methods, eco-friendly and high purity by water electrolysis. However, In terms sustainability environmental impact, PEM electrolysis was considered as promising techniques for pure renewable emits only oxygen byproduct without any carbon emissions. Moreover, produced (H2) (O2) directly used fuel cell industrial applications. overall splitting resulting in 4% global being water, mainly due to economic issues. Nowadays, increased desire green has interest on Thus considerable research been completed recently development cost effective electrocatalysts this present review, we discussed about recent developments performance low HER OER their challenges new old related components also addressed. This review will contribute further improvements a road map order support developing electrolyser commercially feasible purpose.

Language: Английский

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Water electrolysis: from textbook knowledge to the latest scientific strategies and industrial developments

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(11), P. 4583 - 4762

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Replacing fossil fuels with energy sources and carriers that are sustainable, environmentally benign, affordable is amongst the most pressing challenges for future socio-economic development.

Language: Английский

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Non‐Noble‐Metal‐Based Electrocatalysts toward the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(15)

Published: Feb. 16, 2020

The development of low-cost, high-efficiency, and robust electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is urgently needed to address energy crisis. In recent years, non-noble-metal-based OER have attracted tremendous research attention. Beginning with introduction some evaluation criteria OER, current are reviewed, classification metals/alloys, oxides, hydroxides, chalcogenides, phosphides, phosphates/borates, other compounds, along their advantages shortcomings. knowledge mechanisms practical applications also summarized developing more efficient electrocatalysts. Finally, states, challenges, perspectives discussed.

Language: Английский

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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Metal Oxide Electrodes for Energy Applications

ACS Applied Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 66 - 98

Published: Jan. 3, 2020

Metal oxides have been of great importance to the development energy conversion and storage technologies including heterojunction solar cells, Li-ion batteries, electrocatalysts/photocatalysts for water splitting CO2 reduction. The role metal in these devices has diverse, from charge transport layers catalytic surfaces protective blocking layers. Understanding fundamental structural electronic properties materials will continue allow advancement field renewable energy. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is one most utilized methods characterize electrodes context applications. utility EIS stems its ability differentiate multiple interfaces (i.e., solid/electrolyte, solid/solid) within on basis their frequency response a modulated potential subsequent decoupling resistive capacitive circuit components. In this review, theory first described with physical mathematical basis, followed by discussion equivalent modeling. review then covers examples literature where particularly important understanding related oxide devices. A specific focus placed that are used as ion photocatalysts/electrocatalysts. Common themes discussed each application such study electron hole diffusion dependence recombination reactions catalysis surface defect/trap states cells photocatalysts, formation passivation at solid electrolyte interface batteries.

Language: Английский

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Advanced Transition Metal‐Based OER Electrocatalysts: Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges

Small, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(37)

Published: June 10, 2021

Abstract Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is an important half‐reaction involved in many electrochemical applications, such as water splitting and rechargeable metal–air batteries. However, the sluggish kinetics of its four‐electron transfer process becomes a bottleneck to performance enhancement. Thus, rational design electrocatalysts for OER based on thorough understanding mechanisms structure‐activity relationship vital significance. This review begins with introduction which include conventional adsorbate mechanism lattice‐oxygen‐mediated mechanism. The pathways related intermediates are discussed detail, several descriptors greatly assist catalyst screen optimization summarized. Some parameters suggested measurement criteria also mentioned discussed. Then, recent developments breakthroughs experimental achievements transition metal‐based reviewed reveal novel principles. Finally, some perspectives future directions proposed further catalytic enhancement deeper design. It believed that iterative improvements fundamental principles essential realize applications efficient energy storage conversion technologies.

Language: Английский

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“The Fe Effect”: A review unveiling the critical roles of Fe in enhancing OER activity of Ni and Co based catalysts

Nano Energy, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 80, P. 105514 - 105514

Published: Oct. 17, 2020

Electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyzed by non-precious metals and their compounds in alkaline medium is an attractive area of energy research for the generation hydrogen from water. The 3d transition metals, particularly, Ni Co show better OER activity than others medium. based oxygen-evolving catalysts (OECs) experience enormous enhancement either incidental or intentional Fe doping/incorporation. To account this, different roles that it exerts when incorporated into these OECs are reported to be responsible. Unfortunately, conclusions drawn many related studies often contradictory one another. Important are: 1) a few claim active site Ni/Co inactive while other act together OER, 2) Fe3+ stays unoxidized shows evidence existence Fe4+, 3) suggest faster OEC matrices but fail explain similar effects observed with matrices. Many critical experimental theoretical investigations have been made recently reveal this magical effect results those coherently presented here discussion. This review as inevitable know succeed efficient

Language: Английский

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Non-precious-metal catalysts for alkaline water electrolysis: operando characterizations, theoretical calculations, and recent advances

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 49(24), P. 9154 - 9196

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Advances of non-precious-metal catalysts for alkaline water electrolysis are reviewed, highlighting operando techniques and theoretical calculations in their development.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in transition metal-based electrocatalysts for alkaline hydrogen evolution

Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(25), P. 14971 - 15005

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Transition metal-based electrocatalysts for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.

Language: Английский

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Transition metal-based bimetallic MOFs and MOF-derived catalysts for electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction

Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 1897 - 1927

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

The review summarizes transition metal-based bimetallic MOFs and their derived materials as electrocatalytic for the OER. mechanisms of OER probed by DFT calculation andin situcharacterization techniques are also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Amorphous Catalysts and Electrochemical Water Splitting: An Untold Story of Harmony

Small, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 16(2)

Published: Dec. 11, 2019

Abstract In the near future, sustainable energy conversion and storage will largely depend on electrochemical splitting of water into hydrogen oxygen. Perceiving this, countless research works focussing fundamentals electrocatalysis performance improvements are being reported everyday around globe. Electrocatalysts high activity, selectivity, stability anticipated as they directly determine energy‐ cost efficiency electrolyzers. Amorphous electrocatalysts with several advantages over crystalline counterparts found to perform better in electrocatalytic splitting. There plenty studies witnessing enhancements while employing amorphous materials catalysts. The harmony between flexibility (both oxygen evolution reaction [OER] [HER]) is one untold unsummarized stories field This Review devoted comprehensively discussing upsurge addition that, basics also elaborately introduced characteristics a good electrocatalyst for OER HER discussed.

Language: Английский

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