Development of Conductive Hydrogels for Fabricating Flexible Strain Sensors

Small, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(5)

Published: Oct. 17, 2021

Abstract Conductive hydrogels can be prepared by incorporating various conductive materials into polymeric network hydrogels. In recent years, have been developed and applied in the field of strain sensors owing to their unique properties, such as electrical conductivity, mechanical self‐healing, anti‐freezing properties. These remarkable properties allow hydrogel‐based show excellent performance for identifying external stimuli detecting human body movement, even at subzero temperatures. This review summarizes application fabrication working different modes. Finally, a brief prospectus development future is provided.

Language: Английский

---

Super Stretchable, Self‐Healing, Adhesive Ionic Conductive Hydrogels Based on Tailor‐Made Ionic Liquid for High‐Performance Strain Sensors

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(33)

Published: June 8, 2022

Abstract Ionic conductive hydrogels (ICHs) integrate the performance and soft nature of tissue‐like materials to imitate features human skin with mechanical sensory traits; thus, they are considered promising substitutes for conventional rigid metallic conductors when fabricating human‐motion sensors. However, simultaneous incorporation excellent stretchability, toughness, ionic conductivity, self‐healing, adhesion via a simple method remains grand challenge. Herein, novel ICH platform is proposed by designing phenylboronic acid‐ionic liquid (PBA‐IL) multiple roles that simultaneously realize highly mechanical, electrical, versatile properties. This elaborately designed semi‐interpenetrating network fabricated facile one‐step approach introducing cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) into PBA‐IL/acrylamide cross‐linked network. Ingeniously, dynamic boronic ester bonds physical interactions (hydrogen electrostatic interactions) endow these remarkable stretchability (1810 ± 38%), toughness (2.65 0.03 MJ m −3 ), self‐healing property (92 2% efficiency), adhesiveness, transparency. Moreover, construction this material shows CNFs can synergistically enhance conductivity. The wide working strain range (≈1000%) high sensitivity (GF = 8.36) make candidate constructing next generation gel‐based sensor platforms.

Language: Английский

---

Printable Smart Materials and Devices: Strategies and Applications

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 122(5), P. 5144 - 5164

Published: Aug. 20, 2021

Smart materials are a kind of functional which can sense and response to environmental conditions or stimuli from optical, electrical, magnetic mechanical, thermal, chemical signals, etc. Patterning smart is the key achieving large-scale arrays devices. Over last decades, printing methods including inkjet printing, template-assisted 3D extensively investigated utilized in fabricating intelligent micro/nano devices, as strategies allow for constructing multidimensional multimaterial architectures. Great strides printable opening new possibilities devices better serve human beings, such wearable sensors, integrated optoelectronics, artificial neurons, so on. However, there still many challenges drawbacks that need be overcome order achieve controllable modulation between device performance. In this review, we give an overview on materials, strategies, applications printed addition, advantages actual practices materials-based discussed, current limitations future opportunities proposed. This review aims summarize recent progress provide reference novel well

Language: Английский

---

Hydro/Organo/Ionogels: “Controllable” Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(43)

Published: Sept. 6, 2022

Demand for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers continues to increase with technological advances in wearable electronics and military applications. In this study, a new strategy overcome the drawbacks of current by employing co-contribution functional polymer frameworks liquids strong EMW absorption properties is proposed. Strongly polar water, dimethyl sulfoxide/water mixtures, highly conductive 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ([EMI][ES]) are immobilized dielectrically inert networks form different classes gels (hydrogels, organogels, ionogels). These demonstrate high correlation between their dielectric polarity/ionic conductivity/non-covalent interaction liquids. Thus, performances can be precisely tuned over wide range due diversity stability The prepared hydrogels show good shielding performance (shielding efficiency > 20 dB) constants, while organogels moderate attenuation ability impedance matching achieve full-wave X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz) at 2.5 ± 0.5 mm. ionogels also offer effective bandwidth (10.79-16.38 GHz 2.2 mm) via prominent ionic conduction loss. short, work provides conceptually novel platform develop high-efficient, customizable, low-cost absorbers.

Language: Английский

---

Anti-freezing and self-healing nanocomposite hydrogels based on poly(vinyl alcohol) for highly sensitive and durable flexible sensors

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 436, P. 135243 - 135243

Published: Feb. 12, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Recent Progress of Conductive Hydrogel Fibers for Flexible Electronics: Fabrications, Applications, and Perspectives

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(17)

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Abstract Flexible conductive materials with intrinsic structural characteristics are currently in the spotlight of both fundamental science and advanced technological applications due to their functional preponderances such as remarkable conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, tunable physical chemical so on. Typically, hydrogel fibers (CHFs) promising candidates owing unique including light weight, high length‐to‐diameter ratio, deformability, Herein, a comprehensive overview cutting‐edge advances CHFs involving architectural features, function characteristics, fabrication strategies, applications, perspectives flexible electronics provided. The design principles strategies systematically introduced discontinuous (the capillary polymerization draw spinning) continuous wet spinning, microfluidic 3D printing, electrospinning). In addition, potential crucially emphasized energy harvesting devices, storage smart sensors, biomedical electronics. This review concludes perspective on challenges opportunities attractive CHFs, allowing for better understanding fundamentals development materials.

Language: Английский

---

Conductive polymer based hydrogels and their application in wearable sensors: a review

Materials Horizons, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 2800 - 2823

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Hydrogels have been attracting increasing attention for application in wearable electronics, due to their intrinsic biomimetic features, highly tunable chemical-physical properties (mechanical, electrical, etc.), and excellent biocompatibility. Among many proposed varieties of hydrogels, conductive polymer-based hydrogels (CPHs) emerged as a promising candidate future sensor designs, with capability realizing desired features using different tuning strategies ranging from molecular design (with low length scale 10-10 m) micro-structural configuration (up 10-2 m). However, considerable challenges remain be overcome, such the limited strain sensing range mechanical strength, signal loss/instability caused by swelling/deswelling, significant hysteresis signals, de-hydration induced malfunctions, surface/interfacial failure during manufacturing/processing. This review aims offer targeted scan recent advancements CPH based technology, establishment dedicated structure-property relationships lab advanced manufacturing routes potential scale-up production. The CPHs sensors is also explored, suggested new research avenues prospects included.

Language: Английский

---

Highly Stretchable Hydrogels as Wearable and Implantable Sensors for Recording Physiological and Brain Neural Signals

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(16)

Published: March 31, 2022

Recording electrophysiological information such as brain neural signals is of great importance in health monitoring and disease diagnosis. However, foreign body response performance loss over time are major challenges stemming from the chemomechanical mismatch between sensors tissues. Herein, microgels utilized large crosslinking centers hydrogel networks to modulate tradeoff modulus fatigue resistance/stretchability for producing hydrogels that closely match properties The exhibit notably different characteristics compared nanoparticles reinforced hydrogels. relatively low modulus, good stretchability, outstanding resistance. It demonstrated well suited fashioning into wearable implantable can obtain physiological pressure signals, record local field potentials rat brains, transmit through injured peripheral nerves rats. tissues, negligible response, minimal signal attenuation an extended time, successfully use long-term sensory devices. This work facilitates a deeper understanding biohybrid interfaces, while also advancing technical design concepts probes efficiently information.

Language: Английский

---

Cellulose: a fascinating biopolymer for hydrogel synthesis

Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 1923 - 1945

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Cellulose is the most abundant natural biopolymer and considered an unlimited source of raw materials to develop sustainable, non-toxic, environmentally friendly products that are in ever-increasing demand for various applications.

Language: Английский

---

Gelatin/polyacrylamide ionic conductive hydrogel with skin temperature-triggered adhesion for human motion sensing and body heat harvesting

Nano Energy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 104, P. 107977 - 107977

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

---