Survival probability of new atmospheric particles: closure between theory and measurements from 1.4 to 100 nm

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(22), P. 14571 - 14587

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

Abstract. The survival probability of freshly nucleated particles governs the influences new particle formation (NPF) on atmospheric environments and climate. It characterizes a avoiding being scavenged by coagulation with pre-existing other scavenging processes before successfully grows up to certain diameter. Despite its importance, measuring has been challenging, which limits knowledge in atmosphere results large uncertainties predicting NPF. Here we report proper methods retrieve using measured aerosol size distributions. Using diverse distributions from urban Beijing, Finnish boreal forest, chamber experiment, kinetic simulations, demonstrate that each method is valid for different type distribution, whereas misapplying conventional banana-type NPF events may underestimate probability. these methods, investigate consistency between theoretical against predicted growth rate sink. With case-by-case time- size-resolved analysis long-term measurement data find although both probabilities are sensitive variations, they are, average, consistent growing 1.4 (the cluster size) 100 nm.

Language: Английский

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On the potential of the Cluster Ion Counter (CIC) to observe local new particle formation, condensation sink and growth rate of newly formed particles

Aerosol Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 291 - 301

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Abstract. The Cluster Ion Counter (CIC) is a simple three-channel instrument designed to observe ions in the electrical mobility equivalent diameter range from 1.0 5 nm. With three channels, we can concentrations of both ion clusters (sub-2 nm ions) and intermediate ions. Furthermore, as derived here, estimate condensation sink (CS), intensity local new particle formation, growth rate newly formed particles 2 3 formation We compared CIC measurements with those multichannel spectrometer, Neutral cluster Air Spectrometer (NAIS), found that agreed well between two instruments, correlation coefficients 0.89 0.86 for sub-2 2.0–2.3 ions, respectively. According observations made Hyytiälä, Finland, Beijing, China, source was estimated be about four pairs cm−3 s−1. cheap used different environments obtain information small dynamics, CS robust way when combined theoretical framework presented here.

Language: Английский

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Iodine oxoacids and their roles in sub-3 nanometer particle growth in polluted urban environments

Published: March 21, 2023

Abstract. New particle formation processes contribute significantly to the number concentration of ultrafine particles (UFP), and have great impacts on human health global climate. Iodine oxoacids (HIOx, including iodic acid, HIO3 iodous HIO2) been observed in pristine regions proved dominate NPF events at some sites. However, knowledge HIOx polluted urban areas is rather limited. Here, we conducted a long-term comprehensive observation gaseous iodine sulfuric acid Beijing from January 2019 October 2021 also Nanjing March February 2020, investigated contribution UFP environments. highest summer, up 2.85×106 cm-3 2.78×106 Nanjing, respectively, lowest winter, with more prominent seasonal variation than H2SO4. shows clear diurnal pattern both sites daily maximum around noontime, similar atmospheric temperature, radiation ozone (O3) levels. HIO2 has same trend as but overall about one order magnitude lower concentration. Back trajectory analysis suggests that sources for inland species could be mix marine terrestrial origins, having peak emission warm seasons. While growth marginal our results demonstrate enhances survival probability sub-3 nm by 40 % (median) occasionally 100 events, suggesting are non-negligible contributor UFPs areas. As H2SO4 per-molecule basis, propose sum used estimate inorganic origin, atmospheres significant amount HIOx.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of dust-related new particle formation events based on long-term measurement in the North China Plain

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(14), P. 8241 - 8257

Published: July 25, 2023

Abstract. Mineral dust is a major natural atmospheric aerosol that impacts the Earth's radiation balance. The significant scavenging process of fine particles by strong wind during episodes provided relatively clean environment was favourable for new particle formation (NPF) occurrence. In this study, NPF occurred following (dust-related NPF), and other cases under polluted conditions were classified based on long-term number size distribution (PNSD) in urban Beijing spring from 2017 to 2021. It found observed (Jobs) growth rate (GR) dust-related events approximately 50 % 30 lower than values days, respectively. A typical severe storm originated Mongolia swept over northern China 15–16 March 2021 analysed, illustrate how influences event. maximum hourly mean PM10 mass concentration reached 8000 µg m−3 storm. occurrence an event after facilitated due low condensation sink (∼ 0.005 s−1) caused dilution pre-existing particles. However, downward trend hygroscopicity as compared with episode, resulting increasing critical diameter at different supersaturations (ss), where aerosols are activated cloud nuclei (CCN), although when faded. elevated 6 %–10 (ss = 0.2 0.7 %) storm, CCN activation ratio, especially supersaturation. Modifications nucleation process, well particle-size particles, provide valuable information reveals underlying climate air quality effects Asian mineral dust.

Language: Английский

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Opinion: The strength of long-term comprehensive observations to meet multiple grand challenges in different environments and in the atmosphere

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 14949 - 14971

Published: Dec. 5, 2023

Abstract. To be able to meet global grand challenges (climate change; biodiversity loss; environmental pollution; scarcity of water, food and energy supplies; acidification; deforestation; chemicalization; pandemics), which all are closely interlinked with each other, we need comprehensive open data proper metadata, along science. The large sets from ground-based in situ observations, ground satellite remote sensing, multiscale modeling utilized seamlessly. In this opinion paper, demonstrate the power SMEAR (Station for Measuring Earth surface–Atmosphere Relations) concept via several examples, such as detection new particle formation particles' subsequent growth, quantifying atmosphere–ecosystem feedback loops, combining observations emergency science services, well studying effect COVID-19 restrictions on different air quality climate variables. future needs potential environment summarized.

Language: Английский

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